1. BASICS OF ELECTRONICS

2. We will be discussing…..
• Resistor
• Capacitor
• Diode
• Transister

3. RESISTORS
• Resistors are used to limit current or
divide voltage and in some cases,
generate heat.
• Used for driving circuit which requires low
current and voltage than available.
• A two terminal non-polarised component.

4. Contd…
• Unit of resistance is ohm.
• Notation for resistance
O- for ohm
K- for kilo ohm
M- for mega ohm

5. Physical appearance

6. Color code table

7. Practical Use….
• To reduce the current flowing in circuit,
use resistance in parallel.

8. • To reduce the voltage for any circuit, use
resistance in series.

9. CAPACITORS
• A two terminal electronic component
which stores energy in form of charge.
• capacitance is a measure of a capacitor's
ability to store charge.
• A large capacitance means that more
charge can be stored.
• Capacitance is measured in Farads(F) but
prefixes like µF and pF for smaller values.

10. Types of capacitors
• Polarized
which have specified positive and
negative terminals.
• Non-polarized
no defined polarity for terminals.

11. Practical use
• Used for making timer circuits, when used
with resistance.
• Used in clipper, clamper circuit.
• Used for providing instantaneous large
power as in flashlight of cameras.
• Used in DC filter circuits.

12. DIODES
• A two-terminal electronic component that
conducts electric current in only one
direction.

13. The direction of arrow shows the only
possible direction of current.

14. Types of diodes
• LED i.e Light Emitting Diodes
These diodes emit light when provided
with power supply.

15. • Photodiode
These diode generates currents when
exposed to light.

16. Practical use
• Used for making gates
• Used for making rectifiers
• Used as a switch
• LED as indicators
• Photodiodes as light detector

17. TRANSISTOR
• A transistor is a semiconductor device
commonly used to amplify or switch
electronic signals.
• Device with three terminals where one
terminal can be use to control the flow of
current through the other two terminals.

18. Contd….
• The three terminals are Emitter, Base and
Collector

19. • Transistor are of two types:
1-> n-p-n
A straight switch
2-> p-n-p
A inverted switch

20. n-p-n as straight switch
• When base of n-p-n is connected with
logic high voltage then it short circuit
emitter and collector (SWITCH ON).
• When base of n-p-n is connected with
logic low voltage then it open circuit both
emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF).

21. p-n-p as inverted switch
• When base of p-n-p is connected with
logic high voltage then it open circuit
emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF).
• When base of p-n-p is connected with
logic low voltage then it short circuit both
emitter and collector (SWITCH ON).

22. Practically used…
• As a switch
• As an amplifier
• For realizing logic gates

23. Thank You