Basic Suspension System

1. Prof. Nitin Malviya
(Associate Professor)
Sagar Institute of Science & Technology,
Bhopal

4. 
-Vertical displacement of entire sprung mass

5. 
-Front View angular rotation of the sprung
vehicle mass

6. 
-Side View angular rotation of the sprung
vehicle mass

7. 
 Mass of all components that do not move
much when suspension is displaced. (given
the frame as a fixed reference)
 (Frame, engine, passengers, etc,)
 Some suspension components are actually
partially sprung mass

8. 
-Mass of components that move when
suspension is displaced

12. •Low cost
•No internal damping
•Compact Size
•Used in many Suspension types

13. •Used in many early applications
•Internal friction provides damping
•Provide Fore & Lateral location for the axle
•Useful for Heavy Duty
•Prone to weaken over time

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18. .

22. SOME LINKS USED IN SUSPENSION
SYSTEM
A Control Arm in a Car is a nearly
flat and roughly triangular
suspension member that pivots
in two places. The control arm is
also called wishbone due to its
significant wishbone-like
appearance and it connects the
steering knuckles to the chassis
or the sub-frame. It also allows
the knuckles to move up and
down.

25. Trailing Arm

28. A radius rod (also called a radius arm
or a torque arm) is a suspension
member intended to control wheel
motion in the longitudinal direction.
The link is connected (with bushing )
on one end to the axle , on the other
to the chassis of the vehicle.

29. Radius Arm

32. CLASSIFICATION

35. In automobiles, a double wishbone (Upper and lower )
suspension is an independent suspension design using two
(occasionally parallel) wishbone-shaped arms to locate the
wheel. Each wishbone or arm has two mounting points to
the chassis and one joint at the knuckle. The shock
absorber and coil spring mount to the wishbones to control
vertical movement.
Double wishbone designs allow the engineer to carefully
control the motion of the wheel throughout suspension
travel, controlling such parameters as camber angle ,
caster angle, toe pattern, roll centre height, scrub radius
and more.

37. The MacPherson strut is a type of car
suspension system which uses the
top of a telescopic damper as the
upper steering pivot. It is widely used
in the front suspension of modern
vehicles and is named for Earle S.
MacPherson, who developed the
design.

39. A Vertical Slide suspension is a form
of independent suspension for light
cars. The stub axle and wheel
assembly are attached to a vertical
pillar or kingpin which slides up and
down through a bush or bushes
which are attached to the vehicle
chassis

41. A swing axle is a simple type of independent
suspension designed and patented by
Edmund Rumpler in 1903. This was a
revolutionary invention in the automotive
industry, allowing wheels to react to
irregularities of road surfaces independently,
and enable the vehicle to maintain a strong
road holding.

44. I-Beam Suspension
 Solid axle connecting both front steering knuckles
 Used on H.D. trucks

45. Twin I-Beam

46. A completely new platform, including
the Twin-I-Beam front suspension, was
introduced that would be used until 1979.
Twin-Traction Beam (TTB) is an
independent suspension system for
front drive axles in four-wheel drive
Ford F-Series trucks and sport utility
vehicles.

49. Live-Axle with Leaf Springs (Hotchkiss)
 Leaf springs control side sway
 A large amount of un-sprung weight
 Take up a lot of space

50. De Dion tube suspension

51. De Dion tube suspension
A de Dion tube is an automobile
suspension technology. It is a
sophisticated form of non-independent
suspension and is a considerable
improvement over the swing axle,
Hotchkiss drive, or live axleBecause it
plays no part in transmitting power to the
drive wheels

52. Rear Axle Torque Reaction
 Axle Wind-up

53. Note:
The axle is mounted off center on the spring
Helps prevent axle wind-up

54. Live-Axle with Coil Springs
 The upper control arms control lateral
movement (side movement)
 The lower control arms control differential
torque (wind up)

55. Trailing Arm

56. Independent Rear with Shocks
 Toe is adjustable
 Camber is not