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INDIA & CHINA ,[object Object]
INTRODUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object]
INDIA AND CHINA  COMPARISON OF KEY INDICATORS  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Indicators  India  China  Size of Population  1.1 Billion  1.3 Billion  Type of Government  Democracy  Communist State  GDP Growth (2007)  9.3% 11.4% Manufacturing as a % of GDP  16%  53.3% 1 Services as a % of GDP  51.5%  41.2%  FDI Inflows (2006 – 2007)  $67.72 Billion (predicted)   $699.5 Billion
INDIA OPENS ITS ECONOMY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHINA OPENS ITS ECONOMY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMPARISON OF  INDIA & CHINA ON THE BASIS OF  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
EDUCATION ,[object Object]
EDUCATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANUFACTURING  INDUSTRY ,[object Object]
OVERVIEW OF  MANUFACTURING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
KEY MANUFACTURING SECTORS:  ELECTRONICS AND AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FACTORS LEADING TO  SUCCESS IN  MANUFACTURING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY ,[object Object]
OVERVIEW OF  MANUFACTURING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
KEY MANUFACTURING SECTORS:  ELECTRONICS AND AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS Source: India Brand Equity Foundation. 2006 Key Sub-Sectors   •  Commercial vehicles  •  Passenger vehicles  •  Two wheelers  •  Three wheelers  •  Consumer electronics  •  Industrial electronics  •  Computers  •  Strategic electronics  •  Communication & broadcasting  equipment  •  Electronic components  Market Size (2004 -05)   Total vehicle production – 8.4 million  Total size – US$11 billion  Domestic Growth Rate   CAGR – 14.2% last 4 years  Export Growth Rate   CAGR – 39% last 4 years  16% between 2003 and 2004  Key Companies   Ford, General Motors, Hyundai, Hero Honda, Toyota, Daimler Chrysler, Tata Motors, Mahindra & Mahindra, Ashok Leyland, Hindustan Motors, Bajaj Auto, Maruti Suzuki etc .  Samsung, LG, Philips, Mirc Electronics,  Flextronics, Solectron, Jabil Circuits, HCL ,Info systems Ltd, Videocon International Ltd.
FACTORS LEADING TO GROWTH IN MANUFACTURING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FACTORS SLOWING  INDIA’S GROWTH IN MANUFACTURING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],Objective Indicators of Bottlenecks in India and China Source: World Bank. India: Investment Climate and Manufacturing Industry . In terms of transportation, India has the second largest railways system in the world, but the high duties on transporting goods makes it an expensive way to move goods around the country. Telecommunication   Power Supply  Transportation  Number if Days to get a new phone connection  Number of Days to get connected to a public grid  Average Inventory Days of Average Inputs  India  China  India  China  India  China  29.8  9.3  47.8  25  32.5  24.2
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDIA’S MANUFACTURING SECTOR GIVEN CHINA’S SUCCESS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SERVICE INDUSTRY ,[object Object]
OVERVIEW OF SERVICES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FACTORS LEADING TO GROWTH IN SERVICES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OVERVIEW OF SERVICES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FACTORS LEADING TO GROWTH IN SERVICES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OBSTACLES TO GROWTH IN  SERVICES IN CHINA  ,[object Object],[object Object]
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CHINA’S SOFTWARE INDUSTRY/ITES GIVEN INDIA’S SUCCESSES   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INFRASTRUCTURE  WITH FOCUS ON  THE POWER SECTOR ,[object Object]
INTRODUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object]
INTRODUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object]
THE CHINESE  POWER SECTOR China has the world's fastest growing electric power. Per capita consumption in China is currently only 6% that of the United States.
THE DEMAND – SUPPLY SITUATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ENERGY SUPPLY PTIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THERMAL POWER ,[object Object],[object Object]
THERMAL POWER ,[object Object],[object Object]
HYDROELECTRIC POWER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NUCLEAR POWER ,[object Object],[object Object]
ENERGY CONSUMPTION  PROJECTIONS  FOR CHINA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THE INDIAN  POWER SECTOR India’s power sector has grown many fold in size and capacity. India consumes two-thirds more energy per dollar of gross domestic product (GDP) as the world average. India consumes only about 18 percent of the energy per person as the world average.
THE DEMAND – SUPPLY SITUATION ,[object Object],[object Object]
ENERGY SUPPLY OPTIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ENERGY CONSUMPTION  PROJECTIONS  FOR INDIA ,[object Object],[object Object]
WORLD ENERGY CONS. FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION BY REGION AND FUEL
LEADING ELECTRIC POWER COMPANIES IN ASIA
 
PETROLEUM ,[object Object]
PETROLEUM  CONSUMPTION  IN CHINA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PETROLEUM CONSUMPTION INDIA  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INDIA & CHINA  ,[object Object]
ECONOMY INDIA CHINA GDP (purchasing power parity): $2.965 trillion (2007 est.)  $7.043 trillion (2007 est.)  GDP (official exchange rate): $894.1 billion (2007 est.)  $2.879 trillion (2007 est.)  GDP - real growth rate: 8.5% (2007 est.)  11.4% (official data) (2007 est.)  GDP - per capita (PPP): $2,700 (2007 est.)  $5,300 (2007 est.)  GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 16.6%  industry: 28.4%  services: 55% (2007 est.)  agriculture: 11%  industry: 49.5%  services: 39.5%  note: industry includes construction (2007 est.)  Labour force: 516.4 million (2007 est.)  803.3 million (2007 est.)  Labour force - by occupation: agriculture: 60%  industry: 12%  services: 28% (2003)  agriculture: 43%  industry: 25%  services: 32% (2006 est.)  Unemployment rate: 7.2% (2007 est.)  6.1%  unemployment in urban areas; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2006 est.)
ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Population below poverty line: 25% (2002 est.)  8 % note: 21.5 million rural population live below the official "absolute poverty" line (approximately $90 per year); and an additional 35.5 million rural population above that but below the official "low income" line (approximately $125 per year) (2006 est.)  Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 3.6%  highest 10%: 31.1% (2004)  lowest 10%: 1.6%  highest 10%: 34.9% (2004)  Distribution of family income - Gini index: 36.8 (2004)  46.9 (2004)  Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.9% (2007 est.)  4.7% (2007 est.)  Investment (gross fixed): 31.8% of GDP (2007 est.)  42.2% of GDP (2007 est.)
ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Public debt: 58.8% of GDP (federal and state debt combined) (2007 est.)  18.9% of GDP (2007 est.)  Agriculture - products: rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish  rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish  Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software  mining and ore processing, iron, steel,   aluminium, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites
ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Industrial production growth rate: 10% (2007 est.)  12.9% (2007 est.)  Electricity - production: 661.6 billion kWh (2005)  2.866 trillion kWh (2006)  Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel:  81.7%  hydro:  14.5%  nuclear:  3.4%  other:  0.3% (2001)  fossil fuel:  80.2%  hydro:  18.5%  nuclear:  1.2%  other:  0.1% (2001)  Electricity - consumption: 488.5 billion kWh (2005)  2.859 trillion kWh (2006)  Electricity - exports: 67 million kWh (2005)  11.27 billion kWh (2006)  Electricity - imports: 1.764 billion kWh (2005)  5.39 billion kWh (2006)  Oil - production: 834,600 bbl/day (2005 est.)  3.71 million bbl/day (2006)  Oil - consumption: 2.438 million bbl/day (2005 est.)  7 million bbl/day (2006)  Oil - exports: 350,000 bbl/day (2005 est.)  375,800 bbl/day (2006)  Oil - imports: 2.098 million bbl/day (2004 est.)  3.646 million bbl/day (2006)  Oil - proved reserves: 5.848 billion bbl (1 January 2006 est.)  16.3 billion bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Natural gas - production: 28.68 billion cu m (2005 est.)  58.6 billion cu m (2006 est.)  Natural gas - consumption: 34.47 billion cu m (2005 est.)  55.6 billion cu m (2006 est.)  Natural gas - exports: 0 cu m (2005 est.)  2.874 billion cu m (2006)  Natural gas - imports: 5.793 billion cu m (2005)  976 million cu m (2006)  Natural gas - proved reserves: 1.056 trillion cu m (1 January 2006 est.)  2.45 trillion cu m (2006 est.)  Current account balance: -$18.53 billion (2007 est.)  $363.3 billion (2007 est.)  Exports: $140.8 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)  $1.221 trillion f.o.b. (2007 est.)  Exports - commodities: petroleum products, textile goods, gems and jewellery, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures  machinery, electrical products, data processing equipment, apparel, textile, steel, mobile phones
ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Exports - partners: US 17%, UAE 8.3%, 7.8%, 4.3% (2006)  US 21%, Hong Kong 16%, Japan 9.5%, South Korea 4.6%, Germany 4.2% (2006)  Imports: $224.1 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)  $917.4 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)  Imports - commodities: crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals  machinery and equipment, oil and mineral fuels, plastics, LED screens, data processing equipment, optical and medical equipment, organic chemicals, steel, copper  Imports - partners: China 8.7%, US 6%, Germany 4.6%, Singapore 4.6%, Australia 4% (2006)  Japan 14.6%, South Korea 11.3%, Taiwan 10.9%, US 7.5%, Germany 4.8% (2006)
ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Economic aid - recipient: $1.724 billion (2005)  $1.757 billion (2005)  Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $239.4 billion (31 December 2007 est.)  $1.493 trillion (31 December 2007 est.)  Debt - external: $165.4 billion (30 June 2007)  $363 billion (31 December 2007 est.)  Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: $67.72 billion (2006 est.)  $699.5 billion (2006 est.)  Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: $21.11 billion (2006 est.)  $75 billion (2006 est.)  Market value of publicly traded shares: $818.9 billion (2006)  $2.426 trillion (2006)  Currency (code): Indian rupee (INR)  Renminbi (RMB); note - also referred to by the unit yuan (CNY)  Currency code: INR  CNY  Exchange rates: Indian rupees per US dollar - 41.487 (2007), 45.3 (2006), 44.101 (2005), 45.317 (2004), 46.583 (2003)  yuan per US dollar - 7.61 (2007), 7.97 (2006), 8.1943 (2005), 8.2768 (2004), 8.277 (2003)  Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March  calendar year
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India & China

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  • 17. KEY MANUFACTURING SECTORS: ELECTRONICS AND AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS Source: India Brand Equity Foundation. 2006 Key Sub-Sectors • Commercial vehicles • Passenger vehicles • Two wheelers • Three wheelers • Consumer electronics • Industrial electronics • Computers • Strategic electronics • Communication & broadcasting equipment • Electronic components Market Size (2004 -05) Total vehicle production – 8.4 million Total size – US$11 billion Domestic Growth Rate CAGR – 14.2% last 4 years Export Growth Rate CAGR – 39% last 4 years 16% between 2003 and 2004 Key Companies Ford, General Motors, Hyundai, Hero Honda, Toyota, Daimler Chrysler, Tata Motors, Mahindra & Mahindra, Ashok Leyland, Hindustan Motors, Bajaj Auto, Maruti Suzuki etc . Samsung, LG, Philips, Mirc Electronics, Flextronics, Solectron, Jabil Circuits, HCL ,Info systems Ltd, Videocon International Ltd.
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  • 35. THE CHINESE POWER SECTOR China has the world's fastest growing electric power. Per capita consumption in China is currently only 6% that of the United States.
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  • 43. THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR India’s power sector has grown many fold in size and capacity. India consumes two-thirds more energy per dollar of gross domestic product (GDP) as the world average. India consumes only about 18 percent of the energy per person as the world average.
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  • 47. WORLD ENERGY CONS. FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION BY REGION AND FUEL
  • 48. LEADING ELECTRIC POWER COMPANIES IN ASIA
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  • 54. ECONOMY INDIA CHINA GDP (purchasing power parity): $2.965 trillion (2007 est.) $7.043 trillion (2007 est.) GDP (official exchange rate): $894.1 billion (2007 est.) $2.879 trillion (2007 est.) GDP - real growth rate: 8.5% (2007 est.) 11.4% (official data) (2007 est.) GDP - per capita (PPP): $2,700 (2007 est.) $5,300 (2007 est.) GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 16.6% industry: 28.4% services: 55% (2007 est.) agriculture: 11% industry: 49.5% services: 39.5% note: industry includes construction (2007 est.) Labour force: 516.4 million (2007 est.) 803.3 million (2007 est.) Labour force - by occupation: agriculture: 60% industry: 12% services: 28% (2003) agriculture: 43% industry: 25% services: 32% (2006 est.) Unemployment rate: 7.2% (2007 est.) 6.1% unemployment in urban areas; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2006 est.)
  • 55. ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Population below poverty line: 25% (2002 est.) 8 % note: 21.5 million rural population live below the official "absolute poverty" line (approximately $90 per year); and an additional 35.5 million rural population above that but below the official "low income" line (approximately $125 per year) (2006 est.) Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 3.6% highest 10%: 31.1% (2004) lowest 10%: 1.6% highest 10%: 34.9% (2004) Distribution of family income - Gini index: 36.8 (2004) 46.9 (2004) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.9% (2007 est.) 4.7% (2007 est.) Investment (gross fixed): 31.8% of GDP (2007 est.) 42.2% of GDP (2007 est.)
  • 56. ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Public debt: 58.8% of GDP (federal and state debt combined) (2007 est.) 18.9% of GDP (2007 est.) Agriculture - products: rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminium, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites
  • 57. ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Industrial production growth rate: 10% (2007 est.) 12.9% (2007 est.) Electricity - production: 661.6 billion kWh (2005) 2.866 trillion kWh (2006) Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 81.7% hydro: 14.5% nuclear: 3.4% other: 0.3% (2001) fossil fuel: 80.2% hydro: 18.5% nuclear: 1.2% other: 0.1% (2001) Electricity - consumption: 488.5 billion kWh (2005) 2.859 trillion kWh (2006) Electricity - exports: 67 million kWh (2005) 11.27 billion kWh (2006) Electricity - imports: 1.764 billion kWh (2005) 5.39 billion kWh (2006) Oil - production: 834,600 bbl/day (2005 est.) 3.71 million bbl/day (2006) Oil - consumption: 2.438 million bbl/day (2005 est.) 7 million bbl/day (2006) Oil - exports: 350,000 bbl/day (2005 est.) 375,800 bbl/day (2006) Oil - imports: 2.098 million bbl/day (2004 est.) 3.646 million bbl/day (2006) Oil - proved reserves: 5.848 billion bbl (1 January 2006 est.) 16.3 billion bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
  • 58. ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Natural gas - production: 28.68 billion cu m (2005 est.) 58.6 billion cu m (2006 est.) Natural gas - consumption: 34.47 billion cu m (2005 est.) 55.6 billion cu m (2006 est.) Natural gas - exports: 0 cu m (2005 est.) 2.874 billion cu m (2006) Natural gas - imports: 5.793 billion cu m (2005) 976 million cu m (2006) Natural gas - proved reserves: 1.056 trillion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) 2.45 trillion cu m (2006 est.) Current account balance: -$18.53 billion (2007 est.) $363.3 billion (2007 est.) Exports: $140.8 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) $1.221 trillion f.o.b. (2007 est.) Exports - commodities: petroleum products, textile goods, gems and jewellery, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures machinery, electrical products, data processing equipment, apparel, textile, steel, mobile phones
  • 59. ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Exports - partners: US 17%, UAE 8.3%, 7.8%, 4.3% (2006) US 21%, Hong Kong 16%, Japan 9.5%, South Korea 4.6%, Germany 4.2% (2006) Imports: $224.1 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) $917.4 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) Imports - commodities: crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals machinery and equipment, oil and mineral fuels, plastics, LED screens, data processing equipment, optical and medical equipment, organic chemicals, steel, copper Imports - partners: China 8.7%, US 6%, Germany 4.6%, Singapore 4.6%, Australia 4% (2006) Japan 14.6%, South Korea 11.3%, Taiwan 10.9%, US 7.5%, Germany 4.8% (2006)
  • 60. ECONOMY INDIA CHINA Economic aid - recipient: $1.724 billion (2005) $1.757 billion (2005) Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $239.4 billion (31 December 2007 est.) $1.493 trillion (31 December 2007 est.) Debt - external: $165.4 billion (30 June 2007) $363 billion (31 December 2007 est.) Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: $67.72 billion (2006 est.) $699.5 billion (2006 est.) Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: $21.11 billion (2006 est.) $75 billion (2006 est.) Market value of publicly traded shares: $818.9 billion (2006) $2.426 trillion (2006) Currency (code): Indian rupee (INR) Renminbi (RMB); note - also referred to by the unit yuan (CNY) Currency code: INR CNY Exchange rates: Indian rupees per US dollar - 41.487 (2007), 45.3 (2006), 44.101 (2005), 45.317 (2004), 46.583 (2003) yuan per US dollar - 7.61 (2007), 7.97 (2006), 8.1943 (2005), 8.2768 (2004), 8.277 (2003) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March calendar year