The role of global skills in national policy and in curriculum creation

The role of 21st C. Global Skills in
National Policy and Curriculum
Development:
Why and What for?
Sultanate of Oman,8 January 2020
Wahiba Sands
http://d3e1m60ptf1oym.cloudfront.net/b7cbf2fa-458a-469f-a8cb-
by Dr. Neus Lorenzo
nlorenzo@xtec.cat
@NewsNeus

Content
Globalized Context
Curriculum Revision
21st C. Skills
Enhancing e-Learning
Evaluation inquiring
Why
What
Participation
How

Inquiring Models
21st C. Global Skills for
ELT
https://unsplash.com/photos/l66mkNNMn_k Micheile Henderson @micheile010
4-What am I using this picture for, today?
3-Why do you think so? How do you know?
2-What’s the implied message here?
1-What can you see in this picture?
Meta-reflection and Critical Thinking
Strategic Thinking
Interpretation and Implicit Meaning
Language and Explicit Knowledge
DIGITAL SKILLS
CRITICAL THINKING
INTERCULTURALITY
CREATIVITY
COMMUNICATION

Learning is not about
correct answers, but
about discovering new
questions that nobody
has asked before.

Content:
Globalized Context
Curriculum Revision
21st C. Skills
Enhancing e-Learning
Evaluation inquiring
Why
What
Participation
How
The Role of Global Skills? Learning too live
together.

The Role of Global Skills: Learning for
Action
Access data,
obtain input
Understand and
integrate knowledge
Inquire, reflect, assess,
develop purpose...
Develop Intake
from information
Use, explain and
Interpret
Develop criteria,
evaluate, create,
share...
Teaching
how to
Learning
how to
Adapted by Neus Lorenzo: https://www.slideshare.net/nlorenzo/aprenentatges-per-passar-del-jo-al-nosaltres-en-un-mn-digitalitzat
21st C. Skills
Participating
Acting
Leading
Global Challenges

Change
Innovation
Transformation

Change
Innovation
Transformation
Climate Change
Technological Innovation
Social Transformation
Different in some particular aspect
Become diferent or make differently
Something done in a new way
The introduction or discovery
of new things, ideas or
ways of doing something.
Altered form, composition or structure
A complete change
in somebody/something

Digital Transformation …Are we the protagonist?
http://www.yourultrasound.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/20wkuked.jpg

Omani Entrepreneurship Ecosystem, 2017
Compared with world and ME/NA indices
Ref: OJAS Volum 6, Issue 1, Dec., 2017, p.45. ISSN 1990-5149, (Araby Madbouly)
https://cas.edu.om/ckfinder/userfiles/files/Omani%20Journal%20of%20Applied%20Sciences_the%20sixth%20version.pdf
Source: Zoltan J.,et al. (2017). "The Global Entrepreneurship Index".
USA: Global Entrepreneurship and Development Institute
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-63844-7_3
Innovation Strengths
• Risk capital
• Human capital
• High growth
• Risk acceptance
Innovation Weaknesses
• Technology absorption
• Process innovation
• Start-up skills
• Competition

Skills Demand Worldwide in 2020
Share of Jobs requiring skills bundle
as part of their core skills set, %
Source: World Economic Forum: Future of Jobs
Report:
http://reports.weforum.org/future-of-jobs-2016/shareable-infographics/
Complex Problem Solving 36%
–World Economic Forum
Only 10%
of jobs will
demand
Content
skills!

From School Subject to Global Competence
Language Learning Evolution
1
2
3
4
n
Discipline
- Vocabulary
- Grammar
- Phonetics
- Spelling
-Textuality
Cross-disciplinarity
- Speaking
- Listening
- Reading
- Writing
- Interacting
Interdisciplinarity
- Inquiring
- Analysing
- Communicating
- Mediating
- Sharing
Remembering, Understanding, Applying, Analysing, Evaluating, Creating
ContentFocus
Neus Lorenzo
Meta-reflection
Global
Competence
-21st C. Skills
-Attitudinal Mindsets
-Complexity Acceptance

Imagine
your
future
Connectivity Creativity
Explain
how it
works
Relate your
journeyTurn off
lights
Adjust
insulin dose
Inspired by Prof. Jim Cummins, University of Toronto
Complementary Holistic Learning
Free Internet
Internet of Things
Social networks &
personal relations
Webquests
…
Augmented reality
Mashups
Interactive stories
…
Related ideas
Subtexts
Big data
…
Invention
Intuition
Surprise
…
Transmedia
Contextuality
Strategic Learning Skills
Structured
Formal
Unstructured
Informal
Hybrid: Human-Machine,
Meta Cognition

http://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisa-2018-global-competence.htm
OECD Global Competence
The capacity:
To examine local, global and intercultural
issues critically, and from multiple
perspectives
To understand how differences affect the
perceptions, judgments, and opinions of
oneself and others ,
To engage in open, appropriate and effective
interactions with people from different
cultures and backgrounds, and
To act on the basis of a shared respect for
human dignity and collective well-being and
sustainable development.

Global Skills:
Creating Empowered
21st Century Citizens
- Communication and collaboration.
- Creativity and Critical thinking.
- Intercultural competence and citizenship
- Emotional Self-regulation and wellbeing
- Digital literacies
http://fdslive.oup.com/www.oup.com/elt/general_content/global/expert/oup-expert-global-skills.pdf?cc=fr&selLanguage=en&mode=hub
Critical for Lifelong Learning and Success:
Five Clusters Rellevant for ELT:

The World Has New Challenges
https://i0.wp.com/www.omanobserver.om/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Humpback_stellwagen_edit.jpg?resize=800%2C445&ssl=1
https://media.treehugger.com/assets/images/2019/05/fullsizeoutput_3b9a.jpeg.860x0_q70_crop-scale.jpg
http://rvoptometry.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/RVO-Lasik-e1525292978668.jpg https://timesofoman.com/article/1140687/Oman/Temperature-dips-after-low-pressure-and-rain-in-Oman

SDG 4: QUALITY EDUCATION
Obtaining a quality education
is the foundation
to improving people’s lives and
sustainable development.
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
Reading is a Learning to Learn Literacy

Adapted from https://www.ecohz.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/sdgs-food-azote-1280x834.jpg
Empowering Education through co-responsibility
PLANET
PEOPLE
PURPOSE
PROGRESS
PROSPERITY
PARTICIPATION
PROGRAMS
PROJECTS
PROFESSIONALS
CLIL, PBL, STEM, STEAM, DUAL, PLN…

Students
Group-Class
Extended Environmental School Spaces
Adaptat de Mallen Baker http://www.mallenbaker.net/csr/images/businsoc.gif

Oman in the World: Common Hurdles
1-Globalisation
-Sustainability
-Transformation
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/oman-energy-water-exhibition-conference-2020-tickets-41820387906
https://conferences.squ.edu.om/icwriaar/ https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/p/AF1QipOqY0Uuyu6HGdSllldjDJVvqnoqZjW6g5fLlOzj=w997-h240-k-no
2-Development
-Economic growth
-Social gaps
3-Identity
-Education
-Culture

Werbach & Hunter (2012)
Smart Transmedia Pedagogy:
From the classroom to the world!
Mmantsetsa Marope / Patrick Griffin / Carmel Gallagher
“Future Competences and the Future of Curriculum A Global Reference for Curricula Transformation”. IBE-UNESCO Global Curriculum Network
Game elements pyramid adapted from Werbach & Hunter (2012) in For the Win
Data
Skills
Marope et al. (2018)
Attitudes
Transformation
Society (2019)

This is a
woman’s
face face
Això es la
cara d’una
dona
“hair style,
clothes,
jewellery…
”
Image Categories:
face/woman
Facial
recognition:
expressions
and feelings
Text Speech and
synthesised
voice
Translations
(i.e. Catalan)
Cultural
Relevance
and Meaning
#AI is Merging Human and Machine Codes
Integrating, Transforming, Deciding, Acting
Ref: Gallon, R. & Lorenzo, N. (2018 in printing) “A Social constructionist Model for Human-Machine Ecosystems”, in Learning Strategies and Constructionism in Modern Education Settings. Edited by Linda
Daniela. IGI Global.

The 4th Industrial Revolution is a major change

http://tr3.cbsistatic.com/hub/i/r/2014/05/20/138edb06-117f-4d49-acf8-7a2579e0e393/resize/620x/f9d174bb929bfa8131a93b5e2a736a67/word-lens-hero.png
Do we really need to learn a foregin Language?

Interacting with Smart Devices
https://tweetdeck.twitter.com/
Socks to control the concentration
of Oxygen in blood

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/C6GUFDEWMAEekGN.jpg:large
We are living in a hyperconnected world with
unseen, unknown, unsupervised messages

Evolution of employment in occupational groups
defined by level of skills proficiency (PIAAC, 2015)
Rsource : PIAAC 2015, Occupations with next to highest average scores why-skills-matter-further-results-from-the-survey-of-adult-skills-20-638.jpg

Behaviourism
Focus on habit
-Positivist science
-Empiric analysis
Ivan P. Pavlov
B. F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
Ed. Lee Thorndike
John B Watson
Turning farming
societies into
industrial
economies
Structuralism
Focus on structure
-Linguistics
-Form & Function.
Ferdinand Saussure,
Roman Jacobson
Claude Lévy-Straus
Herbert Spencer
Talcott Parson
Turning industrial
societies into
multinational
capitalism
Constructivism
Focus on process
-Psycholinguistics
-Evolutionism
Jean Piaget,
Lew S. Vygotsky
Jerome Bruner
Laurence Kohlberg
Egan Kieran
Multinational econ.,
growing into a
worldwide
transnational
economy
Connectivism
Focus on blending
-Sociolinguistics
-Neuro-Sciences
Howard Gardner
George Siemens
Stephen Downes
Sugata Mitra
Mark Johnson
George Lakoff
Virtual economy,
networking in a hyper-
connected world,
toward social
awareness
Ref: Neus Lorenzo, Grup 6.sis, ICE-UB 2012
Evolution of the Social Context: towards 21st C Skills

From “I learn...” to “We work together!”
Lexical memory
Formal
Behaviourism
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-klEN62ksu_Y/W00VqNVQ6TI/AAAAAAAACs4/Ic3Qg57cjY05OsuyyJm31wV4D4sgF_lZACLcBGAs/s640/FoodFridge.JPG
A
B
Cooperative
interaction
Global
Competences
Functional
Constructivism
Social
Connectivis
m

A good teacher doesn’t
transfer passive
data: he/she generates
curiosity and cognitive
meta-reflection habits.

Elements and Dynamics
for Smart Pedagogy
• Transformational dynamics
• Educational principles
• Communication concept
• Learning theory
• Teacher’s role
• Student’s role
• Approaches and Methodologies
• Teaching strategies
• Learning objects
Source: Adapted fromNeus Lorenzo and Francesca
Burriel
https://www.asparis.org/uploaded/_ASP_Site_2016/Academics/Innovation_in_Learning/Innovation_LS2.jpg
PERFORMANCE
VALUES
BELIEFS

What’s the real aim of Language
Learning?
http://www.spacekraft.co.uk/_rmvirtual/media/images/SpaceKraft/40%2042%205%20a.jpg
Speaking Writtig
Learning Gramma
Learning Vocabulary
B1? C1?

Learning Linguistic codes
http://cx.aos.ask.com/question/aq/700px-394px/paint-color-mixing-chart_4ddfdbd0f4087190.jpg

Perfomance and Interaction Practice
https://midecorador.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/pintura-aguada.jpg?w=300&h=200

The message: more than combined pieces of
code
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4F561097034/T1HMBlDLSvI/AAAAAAAAAp4/wBK2Pp2YP_c/s1600/Autumn+Oil+Paintings+3.jpg

The Path for Education to Transform the World

Out the comfort zone
https://fbcdn-sphotos-f-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-frc3/298537_283375505132723_1191874041_n.jpg

New teacher’s roles and
students’ relationship
http://www.slideshare.net/ssuser63877e/1x-photo-awards-2014-people-vote-4

Memorising and Reproducing Data is Not Learning
http://s567.photobucket.com/user/j4jokes11/media/Love%20Ever/Cheating_Exam_Love_Ever.jpg.html
What How Why

Developing 21st C. Skill
On Consolidated Theoretical Basis
Kilpatrick
Projects
Nunan
Tasks
J. Piaget
Cognitive Evolution
Kohlberg
Moral Dilemas
Kieran Egan
Orality
Vygotsky
Zone of
Proximal Dev.
Wilkins
Scaffords
Ferrer Guardia
Ausubel
Paolo Freire
Meaningful Learning
Montessori
J. Dewey
Asher (TPR)…
Active Learning
Jerome Bruner
Decroly
Freinet
Global Topics
Self-Access Corners
Approaches and Methodologies

Neus Lorenzo & Angels Soriano, 2018
Transforming
Creating
Evaluating
Analysing
Applying
Understanding
Remembering
https://sobrehistoria.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/las-piramides-de-egipto-kefren-1-600x450.jpg
Attitudes
Values
Skills
Knowledge
Technology
Data
Information
M. Mmantsetsa Marope, Patrick Griffin, Carmel Gallagher (2018),
Future Competences and the Future of Curriculum: A Global Reference for Curricula Transformation.
UNESCO IBE. http://www.ibe.unesco.org/sites/default/files/resources/02_future_competences_and_the_future_of_curriculum_30oct.v2.pdf
To Learn in a Globalised Digital World
A Global Reference for Curricula Transformation
(UNESCO IBE, 2018)
Bloom’s Taxonomy (revised v.2)
Explicit
Implicit
Meta-Referential
https://www.slideshare.net/nlorenzo/unesco-mobile-learning-week-2018-workshop-by-xatac5 s.30

https://www.omanobserver.om/first-trans-oceanic-crossing-record-arabian-sea-humpback-whale/
Beyond eKnowledge...
What?
Who
When?
Where?
Why? (...)
Omani whales

https://www.omanobserver.om/eso-renaissance-continue-arabian-sea-humpback-whale-conservation/ /
...To eLearning
What?
Who?
When?
Where?
How? (...)
Why?...
Who pays?
Who collaborates?
Is it fake?
Can I do it?
I want to go! (...)

New global skills: “Transliteracy”
Ref: http://journals.uic.edu/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2060/1908
Trasnliteracy: http://librariesandtransliteracy.wordpress.com/what-is-transliteracy/
Translation– Translanguaging – Transliteracy

Our mind is a
surprising endless
resource:
the more we use it,
the more it grows.

From Using Tools, To Meaningful Participation
UN Commission for Social Development (CSocD), September 2012
.: https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/egms/docs/2013/ict/BackgroundPaper.pdf
“Meaningful participation
is an interactive process,
mutually reinforcing:
through active
participation, people affect
the achievement of
objectives, and the
achievement of objectives
reinforces empowerment”.
Feedback Loop

21st C. Digital Literacies in
the Era of AI need to
empower the human
dimension of technology.

Digital Skills and Critical Thinking
Correlating Information & Data
Tool: Google Trends
https://trends.google.com/trends/ https://trends.google.com/trends/explore
Fake news1. Open Google Trends
2. Compare two Trends:
pizza and film
3. In groups, find correlations
4. Explore Visualization Options

Hyper-Connected Data Analysis
Based on User Behaviour
Meso abilities
• Visual Numeracy
• Meta-data Analysis
• Cultural Associations
• Reflecting on Evidence
• Visual-Data Narrative
• Action Awareness
• Research Initiative
• Critical Thinking
Education Vs. Science

Exploring Integrated Curriculum Paradigms
•Culture• Cognition
•Content• Communication
Source: Neus Lorenzo • Constructivism
• Connectivism
• Critical thinking• Creativity
• Co-responsibility• Comprehension
• Collaboration • Citizenship
• Continuity• Context
• Convenience • Conditions

Multiple Communicative Literacies…
Multimodality… Transmedia… Transliteracy…
Plurality of texts,
formats,
supports
and documents
http://images.atelier.net/sites/default/files/imagecache/scale_crop_587_310/articles/426688/atelier-wearable-devicesl-atelier.jpg

What is functioning well
in the existing curriculum?

+
-
Dynamics
Mechanics
Components
Adapted from the Gamification Pyramid, by Werback & Hunter, 2012
What is
functioning well
in the existing
curriculum?
Complexity

+
-
Dynamics
Mechanics
Components
Curriculum Development
Complexity
CRITICAL THINKING
REFLECTION
CITIZENSHIP
CREATIVITY
COMMUNICATION
[Meta-Reflection]

+
-
Dynamics
Mechanics
Components
Transformation Readiness
Curriculum Development
Providing Explicit Tools:
Lifelong learning resources in
formal and non-formal
international contexts.
Empowering Implicit Processes:
Collective knowledge-management,
global socioeconomic development,
and educational co-responsibilities.
Enhancing Citizens Meta-Reflection
Consciousness of the human
dimension of 21st C. Global Skills
and their transformative potential.
Learning English:
Code development with
language-centered
interactive goals.
Learning in English:
Focusing on informational strategy,
contextualized communication,
action, and participation.
Learning to Learn Through English:
Creating new understandings and
attitudes, developing social values, and
socio-cultural skills for the future.
The Role of Curricula in Society

https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/zFl-kN7qkx-u3TR7HrSvFBPJnfg=/768x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():format(webp)/107312835-56a5f6db3df78cf7728abcfc.jpg
Curriculum in Focus: ELT Context Evolution
Focus: Grammar & Syntax
Irregular Verbs
Focus: Vocabulary and Semantics
The Animals
Focus: Situations and context
At the Zoo
Focus: Meaningful communication
Meeting pet-friends
Focus: Integrating Content (CLIL)
Save the Whales!
Focus: Transformation in the Digital Age
Join UNESCO’s School Projects!
Transforming
Creating
Evaluating
Analysing
Applying
Understanding
Remembering

WHAT TO TRANSFORM?
Different Educational Contexts, Different Strengths & Needs
https://unsplash.com/photos/NR_VNpqMcK0
Leonardo Miranda @mirandanene
-Students’ Role and Personalized Needs
-Teachers’ Role and Tutorial
Responsibility
-Content & Syllabus Choice
-Methodology and Teaching Techniques
-Assessment and Certification Process
-Formal and non-formal Spaces
-Resources and Tools

http://www.embracerefugees.org/css/images/temp/parallax-image.jpg
If education does not help to solve human problems,
it becomes a problem itself

Content:
Assessment
Why
What
Participation
How
The Role of Global Skills? Learning too live
together.

If we teach today
As we taught in the past,
we are robing our children
their future
John Dewey
If we assess like we
have always done,
we can transmit
different vaues!

Education doesn’t
result from caring for
your future, but for the
past, present and
future of others.

Assessing to Learn, Learing to
Assess
What to assess
How to assess it?
Why...?
Neus Lorenzo
@NewsNeusBarcelona, 8 de maig 2018

21st C. Skills: Assessing components
The four pillars of education. Jacques Delors (1999)
 Check List:
Common aims of 21st Century Skills
 Pro-activity Practice and entrepreneurship
 Functionality For specific purposes
 Contextuality According to the environment
 Transversality Integrated and global
 Meta-cognition Promoting reflection on strategies
 Humanism Values, attitudes, existential ethics

We Assess All the Time!
https://avaluarpercompetenciesblog.files.wordpress.com/2017/04/mates_control-e1493577203142.png?w=656

Building Rubrics
Shape Round Irregular Deteriorated
Color Red Yellow Green
Texture Fine Granular Damaged
Taste Very Sweet Sweet Bitter
Cost <2 Eu/Kg <4 Eu/Kg <5 Eu/Kg
Sostenibility Zero Km
(Vecinity)
From the region From far away
Indicator
descriptor
criteria

New Rubrics:
Personalized
Assessment

Explicit
Implicit
Meta-Referential
Ref: Lorenzo, N. Gallon, R (2018). “Event Horizon: Helping Students learn what nobody knows
yet”. Innovations, tecnologies and researchs in Education. Editetd by inda Daniela, Cambridge
Correlation with OECD Frameworks for PISA

Reaching different language-leves is about finding
new spaces to grow
https://wallpaperscraft.com/image/fish_aquarium_gold_splashing_jumping_15008_3840x2400.jpg
Dynamics
Mechanics
Components

Assessing Complex Competences and Global
Skills
76
Examine
Identify
Formulate
Narrate
Associate
Analyse
Interpret
Deduce
Evaluate
Reflect
Create
Engage

Challenge:
Assessing Parts vs. Understanding All
Source: https://www.brainpickings.org/2013/03/28/the-art-of-cleanup-ursus-wehrli/

http://images.fanpop.com/images/image_uploads/Fanpop-all-around-the-world-fanpop-583858_1024_768.jpg
Future
... To learn WHAT
is really urgent,
essential and
ethical...
.
... To learn WHAT
is really urgent,
essential and
ethical...
.

...to build our own future.
Thank you
for making it possible!

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