This presentation was given by GNDU Amritsar for "Anusandhaana" - XV Annual NOSPlan Convention

1. Integrated Development
Plan, Shimla-2021
Guru Ramdas School of Planning
Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar (Punjab)
Presented By :
Mr. Shubham S. Khaitan
Ms. Ruchi Singla
Team Members:
Ms. Ananya Bhatia
Ms. Kishmita Arora
Ar. Rahul Ratra
Ar. Sahil Dhawan

2. Acquaintance
Shimla
Tourist
Destination
Administrative
Centre
Education
Centre
Heritage
Function
Seismic
Zone IV
Only Class I
Hill City
State
Capital

3. Integrated Development Plan-2021: Vision
(Under The H.P. Town & Country Planning Act, 1977 & Rules, 1978)
“Queen of Hills with Vibrant Economy, Rich Natural Heritage, Better Quality of Life
through better planning, improved service delivery, transparent & efficient
Governance in participatory manner”
Housing City without Slum
Heritage Conservation Conservation of Heritage for Present and Future Generation
Transportation
Providing Mobility with Choice, Comfort, Convenience, Frequency,
Safety & Minimum Environment Effects
Basic Infrastructure
Provision of Adequate Quantity of Safe Water to all
To achieve environmentally sustainable, recycling-oriented waste
water management
Clean & Green Shimla through environmentally sustainable waste
management practice
Provision of long lasting Clean Natural and Road Side Drains
Tourism Engine of sustainable economic growth for Shimla
Environment
Commitment to Protection and Continuous Improvement of
Environment
Forest Garden & Open
Spaces
Commitment to create healthy ecosystem and value and care is as
an essential environmental, economic and community asset

4. Shimla Planning Area

5. Housing
Issues
• Scarcity of Land
• Haphazard & Patchy Development
• High Land Development Cost
• Encroachment of Government Land
• High Residential density (800 pph)
• Unexpected Population Growth
(103%).
Proposals
• Development of Satellite townships
in peripheral areas.
• Housing to be provided near work
areas.
• Construction to be banned in core
areas like Central Shimla, cemetery
etc. 25
12 17.86
103.03
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1981 1991 2001 2011
Growth Rate
Growth Rate

6. Transportation
Issues
• Heavy traffic on arterial roads.
• On street Parking
• Ribbon development
• Bottlenecks, blind curves & traffic
snarls
• Overutilization of Bus terminals.
• Insufficient width of roads.
• No alternative Routes.
• Staircases instead of collector street
Proposals
• Traffic Management Plan need to
be introduced.
• Alternative bus terminals.
• Sufficient parking at periphery areas.
• Entry of commercial vehicles to be
restricted in peak hours.

7. Physical Infrastructure
Issues
• Under developed Water Supply
System, water collected through
baulies, nallahs and springs only.
• Only 50% solid waste managed by
MC body,
• Lack of garbage disposal sites and
treatment plants.
• Disposal of debris choking the
natural drainage lines.
Proposals
• Water from more reliable sources like
Giri river proposed.
• Door to door waste collection
system proposed by MC.
• Garbage treatment plant installed
by MC.

8. Educational & Health Facilities
Issues
• Health institutions in congested
localities.
• Inaccessibility and inadequate
ambulance service.
• Lack of basic infrastructure in govt.
schools.
• Lack of proper disposal of hospital
waste.
• Lack of Hostel accommodation in
University.
Proposals
• PPP to be encouraged for primary
education.
• Supply of clean and safe drinking
water and sanitation facilities.
• Regulation of hotels and roadside
food vendors.

9. Heritage & Conservation
Issues
• Listing of Important Buildings yet to
be done. (59 out of 97)
• Poor maintenance
• Involvement of Multiple agencies.
• Lack of finance & other technical
aids.
• Intrusion of commercial pursuits.
• Consumerism & rapid urbanization.
Proposals
• Construction to be discouraged
around heritage features.
• Same architectural styles to be
followed.
• Set backs & open areas to be left.
• Conservative Surgery in Central
Area.

10. Proposed Landuse
Issues
• Unprecedented Landuse
transformation due to increase in
tourist population.
• Non- confirming & incompatible
land uses.
• Lack of open spaces due to
population increase.
• 1000 pph population density in core.
Proposals
• Construction to be discouraged
around heritage features.
• Same architectural styles to be
followed.
• Set backs & open areas to be left.
• Conservative Surgery in Central
Area.
• 3 satellite towns & 1 counter magnet
are proposed.

11. 9.07
0.25
0.09
0.22 1.39
0.06
3.75
21.85
61.12
2.2
Existing Landuse (%)
21.35
0.51
0.98
0.17
2.76
0.33
4.87
6.2460.59
2.2
Proposed Landuse (%)
• Additional urbanisable area of 3076 Ha is added.
• Forest & Agricultural land transformation into other uses.
• Major hike in share of Residential Land use.
• Increase in Commercial, Industrial, Public and Semi- Public;
Tourism and Parks and Open Spaces; and Transportation land use.
• Conservation of Water Bodies.

12. Pollution
• Quantum of pollutants is increasing, massive toxics emerging from the
various unmanaged sources.
• Contaminated air with different pollutants such as SO2, NOx & SPM.
• As per CPCB & state environment control board.
1.61 1.92 2.56
4.04
0.35
4.35 4.53
9.32
14.08
11.87
15 15 15 15 15
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
SO2
Nox
Standard
27.82
20.67
44.77
55.66
44.41
70 70 70 70 70
0
20
40
60
80
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
SPM
Standard
1.35 3.44 4.14 6.03 5.71
10.25 11.48
16.96
21.3820.86
60 60 60 60 60
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
52.58
37.02
61.55
75.67
68.1
140 140 140 140 140
0
50
100
150
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Residential Commercial

13. Hazards
Natural
Hazards
Earthquake
Landslide
Land Sinking
Thunderstorms
Flash
Flood/cloud
Burst
Heavy Snow
Falls &
Hailstorm
Human
Induced
Hazards
Traffic Jams
& Accidents
Monkey
Menace
Fires
Lift Disorder
Stampede
Utilities
Failure
Natural Hazards
Earthquake
Cause: Movement along thrusts/ faults.
Loss: Life, buildings, roads and bridges.
Shimla: Seismic Zone IV. No major earthquake recorded.
Vulnerability: Poorly built structures. Earthquake induced
ground failure along the northern slopes of the ridge, i.e. in
Lakkar Bazar, New Shimla, Vikas Nagar, Ruldu Bhatha.
Mitigation Measures for Earthquake:
• Seismic Retrofitting
• Decongestion of road network.
• Underground power supply.
• Open spaces for evacuation &
emergency.
• Removal of dilapidated structures.
• Completion of unfinished structures.
• Micro Zonation
• Emergency Support Functions
• Amendment in Building Bye- laws

14. Thunderstorms
Cause: Severe storms, lighting and high winds
Loss: Plantation, infrastructure and life.
Shimla: Loss to the economy of Shimla City. Tree falling,
damage to electricity supply wires, telephone cables,
street lights, etc. Due to tree falling much time it causes
loss to life, buildings or vehicles.
Heavy Snowfall and Hailstorms
Cause: Precipitation in extreme cold temperature
Loss: Water shortage, Blockage of roads.
Shimla: Usually occurs during December and February.
But due to global warming and greenhouse gas
emissions, snowfall timings has changed.
Land Sinking
Cause: Overloaded slopes with buildings & roads construction.
Loss: Property, buildings and infrastructure.
Shimla: Roughly 25% of the old town is in the sinking Zone. The
northern slope of the Ridge, Lakkar Bazaar, Dhobi Ghat,
Ladakhi Mohalla, the spur below the office of the DEO are
under sinking zone of Shimla.

15. Landslide
Cause: Deforestation, unscientific road construction,
encroachment on slopes etc.
Loss: Life, houses, roads & communication lines.
Shimla: Common and frequent.
Vulnerability: Areas like Katchighati, New Shimla Phase III,
Chakker, Totu and Cemetery localities are vulnerable to
land slides.
Cloud Burst
Cause: Intense rainfall along with heavy wind.
Loss: Flood causing loss of life and property & infrastructure.
Shimla: No recorded history of cloudburst Vulnerability:
Prolonged monsoons increase the threat of cloud bursts.
Mitigation Measures (For Landslide/ Land Sinking/
Thunderstorms/ Cloud Bursts/ Snowfall etc.):
• Tree plantation.
• Regulation for construction.
• Drainage improvement.
• Micro- zonation.
• Development control regulation.

16. Human Induced Hazards
Traffic Jams and Accidents- Road, Rail & Air
Cause: Poor infrastructure and condition of roads.
Increasing traffic volume and bad driving
conditions.
Loss: Life and property.
Shimla: Traffic problems in peak hours of morning
and evening and during peak tourist seasons. No
scope for road expansion. Increasing risk of
accidents in Shimla.
Monkey Menace
Cause: Uncontrolled movement of monkeys
into the city.
Loss: Crop destruction and attack on
people.
Shimla: There are 60,000 monkeys in the city
at present. They bite the citizens, attack the
tourists and destroys the crops as well.

17. Fire
Cause: Overheating, electric wires
Loss: Property, life and resources.
Shimla: Forest fire is not very prominent in Shimla but due
to wooden structures in the old city, household fire may
occur.
Buildings are not constructed according to National
Building Code and they are not equipped with fire
prevention and control equipment. There are 5 fire
stations in Shimla.
Lift Disorder
Cause: Over-riding, electricity failure or technical
problems
Loss: Time wastage
Shimla: Lift connecting Cart road to Mall road is another
means of transportation. Carrying capacity of 8 persons
but in peak tourist season 10-12 person travel in it. Earlier,
a lift got dysfunction and 13 person got stuck in it.

18. Utility Failure
Cause: Increasing population pressure, technical problems.
Loss: Losses to economy
Shimla: Energy losses can affect the economy. Shortage of water supply in city as
well as LPA. Leakage in sewerage system. 15% area not covered under door-to-
door waste collection.
Stampede
Cause: Congestion and lack of alternative routes. Fire,
earthquake or terrorist attack can lead to stampede.
Loss: Life, especially women, children and old age
people.
Shimla: There are single paths in Lower Bazaar, Ram
Bazaar and Sabzi Mandi area. Any stampede due to
congestion and slope terrain will cause huge loss.
Mitigation Measures:
• Strengthening of Fire department.
• Decongestion of critical locations.
• Identification of vulnerable buildings.
• Enforcement of Building codes on fire safety.

19. Hazard Prone Sites in Shimla

20. Crime
• Eve Teasing
• Assault against women
• Use of spy cameras for
• Increased number of suicides and
murders, all involving tourists in past
6 months
• Terror suspects and many criminals
have been tracked in nearby
districts
• Drug trafficking
Issues
• Safe Access and Movement
• Well defined Structures
• Proper Surveillance
• Places promoting a sense of ownership, not abandoned
• Well designed security features like walls and fences
• Planning for lively areas.
• Management and Maintenance of Dead Areas in the city.
Proposals

22. Costing
• Land Pooling and Reconstitution mechanism for Residential development.
• Funds to be raised from potential buyers of developed plots.
• 40% surrendered land for amenities, roads, parks, open spaces and other public
purposes will vest with the Development Authority.
• Development Authority from the charges to be levied on services infrastructure
likely to be provided to the inhabitants.
• The development of public amenities by PPP on BOT basis.
Financing and Resource Generation
• Resource generation with statutory provisions and regulatory control through Land-
use conversion charges, Development charges, Building Regularization Fees,
Vacant Land Tax, Non-Conforming use penalties etc.
• City Development Fund shall be maintained by the Development Authority and
same revolved and utilized for infrastructural provisions, landscaping and
beautification of the city.
• Economically weaker sections of the society shall not be charged for basic
amenities.
Plan Implementation