The second day of Visualization for Linguistic Research in ESSLLI - methods, design, tools

1. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Visualization for Linguistic Research:
Day 2 - Tools and Methods
Olga Scrivner
Olga Scrivner
29th European Summer School in Logic,
Language, and Information, Toulouse, 2017

2. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
What You Will Learn
DAY 1 Introduction to Visual Analytics
DAY 2 Visualization Methods, Design, and Tools
DAY 3 Working with Unstructured Data
DAY 4 Working with Structured Data
DAY 5 Advanced Analytics

3. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Our Materials - Web Site
http:
//obscrivn.wixsite.com/visualization

4. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
What We Need
Computer
WiFi
R and Rstudio (Installation)

5. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
What We Need
Computer
WiFi
R and Rstudio (Installation)

6. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Visualization Selection - 5 min

7. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Visualization Selection - 5 min

8. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
How to Classify Different Visualization?

9. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Research Question
Qualitative research
Goals: gain insights, discover hidden patterns, explore
and generate ideas for quantitative analysis
Data collection: unstructured, semi-structured
(transcript, text)
Quantitative research
Goals: quantification of data, generalization, hypothesis
testing
Data collection: structured
http://atlasti.com/quantitative-vs-qualitative-research/

10. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Different Question Types

11. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Different Levels of Abstraction/Analysis

12. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Different Levels of Abstraction/Analysis

13. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Different Levels of Abstraction/Analysis

14. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Different Levels of Abstraction/Analysis

15. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Audience: Exploration versus Presentation
http://www.infovis-wiki.net/index.php?title=Exploratory_Analysis

16. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Data Format
1. Structured Data
2. Unstructured Data

17. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Variables
Variable - a measurable characteristic
Independent variables
What you have control over and what you think may
cause variation
Dependent
what you measure and what is affected by other factors

18. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Variables
Variable - a measurable characteristic
Independent variables
What you have control over and what you think may
cause variation
Dependent
what you measure and what is affected by other factors
Find dependent and independent factors - 5 min:
1. You are investigating R pronunciation variation in New
York: you variables are R (deleted or present), stores
(Macys, Klein, Sax), lexical items (fourth and floor)
2. You are studying word order variation in French: you
variables are age of speakers, gender, discourse
(neutral, non-neutral), order (direct object+verb or
verb+direct object)

19. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Variable Types - 5 min

20. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Variable Types - 5 min
Provide an example of linguistic/sociolinguistic variables for
each data type.

21. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Data Mapping (Mackinley, 1987)
Nominal
Quantitative
Ordinal

22. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping: Quantitative Data
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

23. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Perceptual Accuracy
Color Hue - wheel color
Saturation - intensity
Mackinlay, 1987 - https://research.tableau.com/sites/default/files/p110-mackinlay.pdf

24. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Bar Chart
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

25. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Stacked Bar Chart
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

26. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Relative Stacked Bar Chart
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

27. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Line Chart
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

28. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Area Chart
Combination of a line and a stacked bar chart. The chart
shows the total of the fields as well as their relative size to
each other
https://www.interworks.com/fr/blog/ccapitula/2014/11/13/
tableau-essentials-chart-types-area-charts-continuous-discrete

29. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Scatter Plot
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

30. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Bubble Chart
Plot or technique to accentuate data on scatter plots or
maps
https://www.tableau.com/sites/default/files/media/which_chart_v6_final_0.pdf

31. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Gantt Chart
Showing start/finish or over time use
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

32. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Pie Chart
Indicates relative proportion of a quantitative dependent
variable
Maps percentage of total to angle

33. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Table
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

34. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Heatmap (Table)
Similar to a table with two categories. Color
saturation/intensity shows where the intersection is weaker
or stronger.
https://www.tableau.com/sites/default/files/media/which_chart_v6_final_0.pdf

35. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Treemap (Hierarchical Table)
Shows hierarchical data as a proportion of a whole. This
chart uses a series of rectangles, nested within other
rectangles.
https://www.tableau.com/sites/default/files/media/which_chart_v6_final_0.pdf

36. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Mapping Data - Box-and-Whisker Plot
Shows the distribution of a set of a data and how data is
skewed towards one end, identifying outliers in your data.
1. Box - contains the median of the data along with the
1st and 3rd quartiles
2. Whiskers - show maximum and minimum points within
the data
https://www.tableau.com/sites/default/files/media/which_chart_v6_final_0.pdf

37. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Choosing a Good Chart
www.ExtremePresentation.com
© 2009 A. Abela — a.v.abela@gmail.com
Chart Suggestions—A Thought-Starter
Circular Area Chart Line Chart Column Chart Line Chart
Scatter Chart
3D Area Chart
Pie Chart Waterfall Chart Stacked 100% Column Chart
with Subcomponents
Stacked Area ChartStacked 100%
Area Chart
Stacked
Column Chart
Stacked 100%
Column Chart
Bubble Chart
Scatter Chart
Variable Width
Column Chart
Table or Table with
Embedded Charts
Bar Chart Column Chart
Column Histogram
Line Histogram
Three
Variables
Two
Variables
Single
Variable
Many PeriodsFew Periods
Two VariablesTwo VariablesTwo Variables
per Itemper Itemper Item
ManyManyMany
CategoriesCategoriesCategories
One Variable per ItemOne Variable per ItemOne Variable per ItemOne Variable per Item
Among ItemsAmong ItemsAmong Items
What would you
like to show?
Many ItemsMany ItemsMany Items
Few CategoriesFew CategoriesFew Categories
Few ItemsFew ItemsFew Items
Many PeriodsMany PeriodsMany Periods
Cyclical DataCyclical DataCyclical DataCyclical Data Non-Cyclical DataNon-Cyclical DataNon-Cyclical Data
Few PeriodsFew PeriodsFew Periods
Single or Few CategoriesSingle or Few CategoriesSingle or Few CategoriesSingle or Few Categories Many CategoriesMany CategoriesMany CategoriesMany Categories
Over TimeOver TimeOver Time
ComparisonComparisonComparison
DistributionDistributionDistribution
Few
DataDataData
Points
Many
DataData
Points
Two
VariablesVariablesVariables
Three
VariablesVariablesVariables
RelationshipRelationshipRelationship
CompositionCompositionComposition
Simple ShareSimple ShareSimple Share
of Totalof Totalof Total
Accumulation orAccumulation orAccumulation or
Subtraction to TotalSubtraction to TotalSubtraction to Total
ComponentsComponentsComponentsComponents
of Componentsof Componentsof Componentsof Components
StaticStaticStatic
Only RelativeOnly RelativeOnly Relative
Differences MatterDifferences MatterDifferences Matter
Relative and AbsoluteRelative and AbsoluteRelative and Absolute
Differences MatterDifferences MatterDifferences Matter
Only RelativeOnly RelativeOnly RelativeOnly Relative
Differences MatterDifferences MatterDifferences MatterDifferences Matter
Relative and AbsoluteRelative and AbsoluteRelative and Absolute
Differences MatterDifferences MatterDifferences Matter
ChangingChangingChanging
Over TimeOver TimeOver Time
http://extremepresentation.typepad.com/files/choosing-a-good-chart-09.pdf

38. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Map Your Research - Pair Work 10 min
Go to the web site
http://obscrivn.wixsite.com/visualization
Syllabus Day 2
Select Charts Selection
Review Choosing a Good Chart
Map your own research data

39. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Perception Tricks
Lower elements influence perception of upper elements
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

40. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Size
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

41. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Size
Based on slides by John Hart https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization

42. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Size

43. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Size
The horizontal lines are parallel, despite appearing to be at
different angles to each other
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_wall_illusion

44. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Shade

45. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Shade
The background progresses from dark grey to light grey. The
horizontal bar appears to progress from light grey to dark
grey, but is in fact just one color
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_illusion

46. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Contrast

47. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Contrast
Exaggeration of the contrast between edges of slightly
different shades of grey

48. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Design Tricks - Depth

49. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Tufte’s Design Rules - 10 min
Assignment - Design
go to http:
//obscrivn.wixsite.com/visualization/assignments

50. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Visualization Do’s and Don’ts
http://guides.library.duke.edu/topten

51. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Distortion
http://flowingdata.com/2012/08/06/fox-news-continues-charting-excellence/

52. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Do’s: Avoid Distortion
Use the full axis.
http://guides.library.duke.edu/datavis/topten

53. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Do’s: Consistent Intervals
The trend is distorted if you do not have even intervals
between your dates
http://guides.library.duke.edu/datavis/topten

54. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Do’s: Simplify
Highlight the most important: eliminate gridlines or reserve
color to isolate individual data series
http://guides.library.duke.edu/datavis/topten

55. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Don’ts: 3D
3D effects reduce comprehension
http://guides.library.duke.edu/datavis/topten

56. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Color-Blind Test - 10 min
Go to our site syllabus - assignment color-blind test

57. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Tools List - Pair work 15 min
http://selection.datavisualization.ch/
Go to Day 2 Syllabus and select Tools
Explore at least five different visualization tools
Filter by Charts, Data and Color

58. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Practice - Flashcards
Go to Syllabus Day 2 - IVMOOC flashcards app

59. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
See you tomorrow!
obscrivn@indiana.edu

60. Visualization for
Linguistic
Research:
Day 2 - Tools and
Methods
Olga Scrivner
Course Info
Methods
Design Rules
Tools
Acknowledgments
Data Visualization MOOC course, University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign -
https://www.coursera.org/learn/datavisualization
IVMOOC, Indiana University
-http://ivmooc.cns.iu.edu/