Rory McGreal Athabasca University

1. OER Framework for K12
Rory McGreal
UNESCO/COL/ICDE Chair in OER
Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 License
(some images fair dealing)

2. Canada Report
•
Provincial
•
No Government policies
•
Few initiatives
•
Policy proposals (HEIs)

3. 3

5. THE BIG Canadian SPLIT
•
School Level vs Higher Education Ministries
•
Paris Declaration on OER

6. OER
7*What? Why? Where? Wow?

7. OER:Pedagogy
Accessibility
Reusability
Personalisation
https://jancarrier.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/pedagogy.jpg

8. OER:
Quality

9. OER: Benefits

Enrichment

Primary learning source
(text)

New learning models
https://madison-student-enrichment.wikispaces.com/file/view/puzzle-
lg.jpg/111303433/294x284/puzzle-lg.jpg

10. Commercial Content
Vendors can control how, when,
where, and with what specific
brands of technological
assistance audiences are able to
access content
You buy but you don’t get David Wiley

11. OER: Costs
Sunk Costs: 0
Variable Costs(minimal) :
Site maintenance
Storage
Updating
Reviewing
Adapting
SHIFT Funds
ree but with awareness, implementation/standardisation costs)
Maximise budgets
https://images.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=http%3A%2F%2Fdsdominationfasttrack.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F05%2Fcosts.jpeg&f=1

12. OER:
Technology
Portability
(multidevice/
Platforms/
geographic)
Versioning
http://digped2014.thatcamp.org/files/2012/09/keefe.jpg

13. OER: Costs
Sunk Costs: 0
Free but
Implementation
Standardisation costs
http://www.europeanpaymentscouncil.eu/images/newsletter/100426/s
epaonly03Small.jpg

14. OER: Costs
Variable Costs(minimal) :
Site maintenance
Storage
Updating
Reviewing
Adapting
SHIFT Funds
(
Maximise budgets
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/CVP-
TC-FC-VC.svg/283px-CVP-TC-FC-VC.svg.png

15. OER: Cost Example
(notional)
Commercial text cost: $80
Digital OER cost: $ 0
OER Printing: $ 5
SAVINGS: $75
ASSUMED SAVINGS (one course):
5000 students = $400 000 (digital)
5000 printed @ $5= $375 000 (printed)
5 Courses per year ($400K X 5)= $2 m
12 grades = $24 million
http://www.costonglobal.com/images/Cost%20Optimization.jpg

16. Commercial Costs
Sunk Costs: ???
Variable Costs(minimal) :
Site maintenance ?
Storage ?
Updating
Reviewing Same as OER
Adapting Not possible

17. OER: Sustainability
(notional)
5 Courses per year ($400K X 5)= $2m
12 grades = $24 million
Commercial text amortised over 5yrs = ($24m /5) = $4,8 million/yr
OER Sustainability:
Honorarium $5K for 2 teachers in five subjects in 12 grades
($5 X 2 X 5 x 12) = $300K
4 OER experts full time: $320K
TOTAL Cost: $390K per year
(Savings: +$4 million)

18. Initial Investment: $100
million
Cost per computer: $188
Ancillary costs: $ 60
(servers, networks, support
etc.)
Sustainability:
Computers: $48
Services: $27
Total:
$75/yr/student

19. OER
Advantages
Cost
Adaptability
Updating
Localisation

20. Challenges
Entrenched
practices
Special interests
http://www.fromdesign2build.com/members/images/684b.gif

21. OER as Change Facilitator
Course ASSEMBLY
Cost sharing
Increases access
Drives innovation & change

22. Canadian Supreme Court
Pentalogy, July, 2012

23. 5 Court cases
2012
•
Entertainment Software Association, et al. v. Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers
of Canada
•
Rogers Communications Inc., Rogers Wireless Partnership and Shaw Cablesystems G.P., Bell
Canada and Telus Communications Company and Respondent SOCAN can be found here:
Re:Sound v. Motion Picture Theatre Associations of Canada, et al.
•
Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada, et al. v. Bell Canada, et al.
•
Province of Alberta; et al. v. "Access
Copyright"

24. Fair Dealing
SC strongly restated fair dealing as a RIGHT
•
Copy portions without permission for research
AND
•
Education NOT separate from research
VsX

25. Fair Dealing
WRONG RIGHT
NO Class copies Class copies are ok
✔✗

26. Fair Dealing
Overly restrictive &
unnecessary
requirements
MUST have a
Large & liberal
interpretation

27. AUCC Silence•
•
The “Pentalogy” and
Alberta v. AC vindicate
the principled decision to
oppose the AUCC’s
recommendation for a
fair dealing policy and opt
out of the AUCC-Access
Copyright model license
-- Mark McCutcheon

28. •
Includes EDUCATION in Fair Dealing
•
Expands the pentalogy conditions even further
Fear of being sued is reduced:
MUST prove financial harm
$5K limit on fines for non-commercial
infringements

29. Technological
Protection
Measures

30. Canadian DMCA in Action:
Court Awards Massive Damages in First Major Anti-Circumvention Copyright Ruling
-- Michael Geist
Nintendo vs Go Cyber Shopping
access control TPMs do not need to employ any barrier to
copying in order to be “effective”
digital lock rules create legal rights to limit
access even without any actual copying.
$20,000 max. per infringement: $11.7 million. + $1 million in punitive
damages.
Canada has one of the most restrictive
and potentially punitive digital lock rules
in the world

31. It's fascinating
that we live in a
society where
openness and
sharing can
actually be
considered
crimes.
- Stephen Downes

32. The restriction of the commons by
patents, copyright, and databases
[right] is not in the interests of
society and unduly hampers
scientific endeavour.

33. Papal Encyclical
“On the part of rich countries
there is excessive zeal for
protecting knowledge through
an unduly rigid assertion of the
right to intellectual
property . . .”
- Pope Benedict XVI

34. Papal Encyclical
“On the part of rich
countries there is excessive
zeal for protecting
knowledge through an
unduly rigid assertion of
the right to intellectual
property . . .”
- Pope Benedict XVI
God is on our side

35. rory@athabascau.ca