An Introduction to OER. Presentation for History 5347 at UTA.

1. Opening History Education:
An Introduction to Open Educational Resources
Michelle Reed, @LibrariansReed
Open Education Librarian | UTA Libraries | 2.21.17
https://www.slideshare.net/oelib/opening-history-education

2. Openness is the only means of doing education. If there
is no sharing, there is no education. Successful educators
share most thoroughly with the most students.
- David Wiley
“Be a champion of a cause and don't give up.”
- TJ Bliss
“Research provides the foundation of modern society. Research leads to
breakthroughs, and communicating the results of research is what allows us to
turn breakthroughs into better lives—to provide new treatments for disease, to
implement solutions for challenges like global warming, and to build entire
industries around what were once just ideas. However, our current system for
communicating research is crippled by a centuries old model that hasn’t been
updated to take advantage of 21st century technology.”
- Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)
“Isn’t it amazing that
what serves social justice
also serves effective pedagogy
and is empirically supported?”
- Rajiv Jhangiani

3. How much does it cost
your students to purchase
the textbook(s)
required in your course?

4. The average student budgets
$1,249 - $1,364
on textbooks and course
materials in 2015-16.
Source: College Board

5. 2012 2016
63.6% 66.5% Not purchase the required textbook
49.2% 47.6% Take fewer courses
45.1% 45.5% Not register for a specific course
33.9% 37.6% Earn a poor grade
26.7% 26.1% Drop a course
17.0% 19.8% Fail a course
In your academic career, has the cost of required
textbooks caused you to:

8. Beware the DRM

9. Estimates, Spring 2017
Course Sections Students
(per section)
Course Materials
(per student)
Total Cost
HIST 1311 13 146 $100 $189,800
HIST 1312 15 146 $100 $219,000
Total student expenses per semester for 2 required history courses: $408,800

10. OER Defined
“Open Educational Resources are teaching, learning, and research
resources that reside in the public domain or have been released
under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and
repurposing by others. OER include full courses, course materials,
modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests, software, and any
other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to
knowledge.”
- William and Flora Hewlett Foundation

11. What do you know
about ©opyright?

12. The U.S. Constitution
“The Congress shall have the power…to promote the
progress of science and useful arts, by securing for
limited times to authors and inventors exclusive Right
to their respective writings and discoveries.”
Article 1, Section 8

13. Copyright (Section 106)
Copyright protects “original works of authorship” that
are fixed in a tangible form of expression:
• literary works
• musical works
• dramatic works
• pantomimes & choreographic works
• pictorial, graphic, & sculptural works
• motion pictures & other audiovisual works
• sound recordings
• architectural works

14. Copyright is a bundle of rights
Rights are held by the OWNER of the work (not
necessarily the creator/author). Owners may:
• Reproduce - Make copies of their works publicly or privately.
• Adapt - Prepare additional works derived from their copyrighted work, (aka,
derivative works).
• Distribute - Disseminate copies of their works, to the public by sale or other
transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, lending.
• Perform - Perform their work publicly (at location open to the public or to
persons other than close family and social acquaintances).
• Display - Display their work publicly (applies to all works except sound
recordings and architectural works).

15. Length/Term of Copyright
• Life of author plus 70 years
• Joint work – 70 years after last surviving author’s death
• Works made for hire – 95 years from year of first
publication or 120 years from year of creation, whichever
expires first
• Works published before 1923 are in the public domain
• Copyright slider to determine whether the work is in the
public domain -
http://librarycopyright.net/resources/digitalslider/

16. Also Consider
Fair Use
& the Public Domain
• Purpose and character of the use:
including whether such use is of a
commercial nature or is for
nonprofit educational purposes;
• Nature of the copyrighted work:
Fiction vs. Non-Fiction. Creative
vs. Factual.
• Amount and substantiality of the
portion used in relation to the
copyrighted work as a whole; and
• Effect on the potential market for
or value of the copyrighted work.

17. Open Educational Resources: 5 Rs
1. Retain
2. Reuse
3. Revise
4. Remix
5. Redistribute

21. www.americanyawp.com

22. http://library.uta.edu/
usmexicowar/index.php

23. Filter for CC-licensed material

24. Much more
information here:
http://libguides.uta.edu/oer/educators

25. More open access publishing
A change in how we allocate spending
Increased engagement
Improved retention
Improved completion rates
Improved pedagogy
Ownership of course content
New partnerships and collaborative opportunities
Beyond Affordability

26. Open Textbooks, Open Pedagogy
“I’ve spent some time talking about open pedagogy at several universities this Spring, and in each of those
presentations and workshops, I have usually mentioned The Open Anthology of Earlier American Literature, an OER
anthology that my students and I produced last year for an American literature survey course I taught. When I talk
about the anthology, it’s usually to make a point about open pedagogy. I began the project with the simple desire to
save my students about $85 US, which is how much they were (ostensibly) paying for the Heath Anthology of
American Literature Volume A. Most of the actual texts in the Heath were a public domain texts, freely available and
not under any copyright
restrictions. As the Heath
produced new editions (of
literature from roughly 1400-
1800!), forcing students to buy
new textbooks or be irritatingly
out of sync with page numbers,
and as students turned to rental
markets that necessitated them
giving their books back at the end
of the semester, I began to look in
earnest for an alternative.”
- Robin DeRosa

27. OER in Texas
Require disclosure of OER as textbook
& searchable list of OER only courses
Establish OER grant program
to encourage development of OER only courses
Conduct feasibility study
of statewide OER repository

28. Questions?

29. Thank You
http://www.slideshare.net/oelib
Michelle Reed
michelle.reed@uta.edu