A quick review for the basic quality concepts, history and pioneers in the field. The Poka-Yoke concept is also discussed here!!

1. QUALITY CONCEPTS
Ola H. Elgaddar
MBChB, MSc, MD, CPHQ, LGBSS
Lecturer of Chemical Pathology
Medical Research Institute
Alexandria University
Ola.elgaddar@alex-mri.edu.eg

2. We are what we repeatedly do,
excellence, then, is not an act but
a habit

3. The definition of
insanity is continuing
to do the same thing
over and over again
and expecting a different result!!

4. Quality
Doing the right thing right, from the
first time and every time!

5. Healthcare quality
The right care for every person,
every time!

6. Dimensions of Quality
• Safe
• Timely
• Effective
• Efficient
• Equitable
• Patient centered

7. Change in emphasis

8. In the past the focus was on:
- The "WHAT" of care: Patient care given
- The "WHO" of care: Patient care giver
Now, the primary focus is on:
- The "HOW" of care: Patient care process
- The "Result" of care: Patient care outcome

9. VALUE = QUALITY + OUTCOME
COST
Cost of poor quality!!

11. Management
It is the act of getting people together to
accomplish desired goals and
objectives using available resources
efficiently and effectively

13. Total Quality Management (TQM)
An organization wide management philosophy
and top - level commitment to provide "value"
to all customers through:
- Creating an environment of continuous
improvement of people skills and
processes
- Building excellence into every aspect of the
organization

14. TQM philosophy promotes:
• Increase top down and bottom up
emphasis on quality
• Decreased emphasis on inspection
• Increased investment in education
• Continuous, ongoing quality
improvement

17. Shewhart
-American engineer &
statistician
- Inspection?!
- SPC
- Shewhart cycle

19. -American Statistician
- In Japan (When it was like China), he taught top management
how to improve design and thus the product (Through SPC)

20. Japanese Vs American!!!!

22. JURAN
Quality is fitness for use!
-American management consultant and engineer
-In Japan, he worked in parallel with Deming
(Management for quality)
- Used Pareto

25. Ishikawa
- A Japanese quality
management
innovator
-QA emphasizing the
customer
-Quality first not short
term profit
Management philosophy: Respect for humanity

27. POKA -YOKE

39. To err is human
- IOM, November 1999
- Building a safer health system
- More commonly, errors are caused by
faulty systems, processes, and conditions
that lead people to make mistakes or fail
to prevent them.
- http://iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/1999/To-Err-is-
Human/To%20Err%20is%20Human%201999%20%20report%20brief.pdf

41. Shigeo Shingo

42. Poka – Yoke
“Error proof”
- Its origin in the Japanese language from
the words “poka” (which means
inadvertent mistake) and from “yoke”
(which means to prevent)
- Shigeo Shingo’s responsibility was
managing the statistical process control in
the Toyota production system in Japan
during the 1950’s

44. Categories of poka-yoke devices
I) Preventive:
Design the process making it impossible to
make mistakes

46. Categories of poka-yoke devices
II) Detection:
Signals the user when a mistake has been
made, so that the user can quickly correct
the problem

50. Accreditation
An institution or a program meets
standards of quality set forth by an
accrediting agency

57. JCI worldwide
• Brazil: 25
• China: 20
• India: 18
• Jordon: 9
• Qatar: 5
• KSA: 49
• Singapore: 14
• Thiland: 23
• Turkey: 41
• UAE: 41