The Future of Textbooks is Open
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Keynote address to the Affordable Learning Georgia Symposium on the Future of the Textbook. 12 December 2014, Athens GA.
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The Future of Textbooks is Open
- 1. “Affordable” Is Too Low a Bar: The Future of the Textbook David Wiley, PhD Lumen Learning / CC / BYU @opencontent :: #algeorgia
- 2. This presentation is licensed CC BY unless otherwise noted
- 3. education
- 4. education =
- 6. sharing
- 8. sharing
- 9. feedback
- 10. sharing
- 11. encouragement
- 12. sharing
- 13. passion
- 14. sharing
- 15. yourself
- 16. education
- 17. faculty meetings
- 20. educative acts
- 21. ALL
- 22. sharing
- 23. if
- 24. sharing
- 25. education
- 26. .
- 28. rivalrous
- 31. nonrivalrous
- 34. “He who receives ideas from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine receives light without darkening me.” Thomas Jefferson
- 35. sharing
- 38. sharing
- 39. asynchronously?
- 40. externalize
- 45. Expressions Are Different To give a book you must give it away
- 48. “internet”
- 52. externalized ideas + online =
- 53. nonrivalrous
- 56. sharing
- 59. educate
- 60. except we can’t
- 62. ©
- 63. Uses Regulated by Copyright Handwriting Printing Press Internet Make a copy of a work $1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy Make changes to a work $1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy Redistribute a work $1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy Public performance of a work 10s of people 100Ks of people 100Ms of people
- 64. Tech Enables Law Forbids
- 66. in the air?
- 67. open
- 69. Open Educational Resources? Any kind of teaching materials – textbooks, syllabi, lesson plans, videos, readings, exams
- 70. Open Educational Resources? (1) Free and unfettered access, and (2) Free copyright permissions to engage in the 5R activities
- 71. open ≠ free
- 72. open = free + permissions
- 73. The 5Rs Retain • Make and own copies Reuse • Use in a wide range of ways Revise • Adapt, modify, and improve Remix • Combine two or more Redistribute • Share with others
- 75. Tech Enables OER Permits
- 80. not about cost
- 83. not just copy and distribute
- 84. revise and remix
- 85. adapting
- 86. improving
- 87. local control
- 88. revisit
- 90. “anti-rivalrous”
- 92. still have your resources
- 94. when you… then you… Rivalrous give away… have less. Nonrivalrous give away… have the same. “Anti-Rivalrous” give away… have more.
- 96. over 880M OER
- 98. we help get open adopted
- 99. we help get open adopted effectively
- 100. adoption support faculty training instructional design ongoing support hosting LMS integration continuous improvement research support
- 101. everything we make is open
- 102. (CC BY)
- 103. Red Hat for OER
- 104. no “catch”
- 105. small – UGA Biology
- 106. large – TCC Z Degree
- 107. open keeps us honest
- 109. Project Kaleidoscope
- 110. Participants • 4,909 treatment • 11,818 control • 50 undergraduate courses • 130 teachers • 8 institutions
- 111. Method Quasi-experimental design with: • Propensity Score Matching • Dependent variables: Completion; C or Better; Credits Enrolled This Term; Next Term • Independent variable: Textbook condition • Covariates: age, gender, and race
- 112. Propensity Score Matching Increased group balance by 98%
- 113. Results Increased: • Completion (X2 res = +2.9, -2.9) • C or Better (X2 res = -2.5, +2.7) • Credits this term t(8101) = 27.81, p < .01 • Credits next term F(1, 6440) = 154.08, p <.01 Submitted to Computers in Education
- 114. Utah Open Textbooks
- 115. Participants • Nebo School District • 4183 students • 43 teachers • Earth Science, Biology, Chemistry
- 116. Method Quasi-experimental design with: • Treatment and Control Group • Propensity Score Matching • Dependent variable: Score on 2012 statewide standardized science exam • Independent variable: Textbook condition • 15 Covariates: including age, gender, special education, English language proficiency, 2011 test data, 2011 GPA, and race
- 117. Outcome: State Standardized Test • IRT scaled scores increased with open textbooks, p < .001 • Multiple r squared = .635 • Published in Ed Researcher
- 118. Developmental Math Published in Educause Review
- 119. % Completing with C or Better 48.4% 60.2% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Spring 2011 No OER Spring 2013 All OER
- 120. From textbook and MyMathLab ($170) To OER and MyOpenMath ($5)
- 121. Learning Outcomes per Dollar “Mad” “Glad” “Sad” “Rad” Cost Completing with C or Better
- 122. Learning Outcomes per Dollar “Mad” “Glad” “Sad” “Rad” Cost 0 100% Completing with C or Better $200
- 123. Learning Outcomes per Dollar Pearson “Mad” “Glad” “Sad” “Rad” Cost 0 100% Completing with C or Better $200
- 124. Learning Outcomes per Dollar Pearson “Mad” “Glad” “Sad” “Rad” Cost OER 0 100% Completing with C or Better $200
- 125. public funding
- 126. gross negligence in procurement
- 128. Associates of Business “Z Degree” Graduate without ever buying a textbook World’s first “all-OER” degree ~30% cheaper for students
- 129. When a student drops, it.. Slows down their graduation Costs the institution tuition dollars (refunds)
- 130. INTRO Model (182 * .89 * $164.35 * 3) in-state + (182 * .11 * $358.95 * 3) out-of-state = $304,269 annual INTRO Submitted to EPAA
- 131. open pedagogy
- 132. what’s possible?
- 134. PM4ID
- 135. An Open Education Reader
- 137. “If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.” Isaac Newton
- 138. Traditional Copyright = Spiked Shoulder Pads
- 139. Open Licenses = Bringing Students a Ladder
- 140. in conclusion
- 142. free > affordable
- 143. open > free
- 144. open = free + 5R permissions
- 146. open increased learning outcomes / $
- 148. don’t settle for affordable
- 149. when you could have open