3. Power production such as electricity,
mechanical work by the process of expansion
of organic fluid.
It uses a pThis low temperature heat is
converted in to work with the help of rankine
cycle.
rocess of waste heat recovery system(WHS).
The organic fluid such as industrial wast
having lower boiloing point changes its phase
from liquid to vapour.
This low temperature heat is converted in to
4. An organic fluid in
liquid state at low
pressure is pressurized
by a pump
This pressurized flow
is then vaporized by
means of a heat source
The superheated
vapour is expanded
trough a turbine,
producing mechanical
power
CONT..
5. An optional regenerator can be added between
expander exhaust and condenser supply.
The fluid is condensed and flows back to the pump
supply.
Organic Rankine cycles are particularly well-adapted
to low temperature heat sources which include
geothermal source, waste heat from industrial process
and solar power
7. The selection of the working fluid is of key
importance in low temperature Rankine Cycles
In order to recover low-grade heat, the fluid
generally has a lower boiling temperature than
water.
Refrigerants and hydrocarbons are two
commonly used components
8. PROPERTIES OF
WORKING FLUID
LOW FREEZING
POINT
HIGH HEAT OF
VAPOURISATION
AND DENSITY
HIGH STABILITY
TEMPERATURE
EXAMPLES:-
1}Chloro-fluoro-carbon (CFC)
2} Hydro-Chloro-Fluoro Carbon (HCFC)
9. Waste heat recovery
Most important development field for ORC.
applied to heat and power plants, or to industrial
and farming processes, automobile exhausts,
intercooling of compressor etc.
Benefits
• CO2-free additional power
• Increased plant / process efficiency
• Fuel savings
Driving forces
• Fuel, electricity prices / incentives
• CO2 or emissions constraints
• Grid independence
10. Biomass is available all over the
world and can be used for the
production of electricity on small to
medium size scaled power plants
11. Are similar to other
steam
turbine thermal
power plants
Heat from a fuel
source is used to
heat water or another
working fluid.
fluid is then used to
turn a turbine of a
generator, thereby
12. SOLAR POWER PLANT
The organic Rankine
cycle can be used in
the solar parabolic
trough
technology in place of
the usual steam
Rankine cycle. The ORC
allows a lower collector
temperature, a better
collecting efficiency
(reduced ambient
losses) and hence the
possibility of reducing
the size of the solar
13. CAPITAL AND OPERATING COST
In case of the ORC unit at Lienz, the additional
specific investment costs as compared to a
conventional biomass heating plant amounts to
EUR 2.765 per kWe.
In general, specific investment costs for ORC
units vary between EUR 1.500 and EUR 3.500 per
kWe .
When an ORC is applied at the exhaust end of an
existing gas engine the specific investment costs
vary between EUR 2.500 per kWe (2 MWe gas
engine capacity) and EUR 3.500 per kWe (1200
kWe gas engine capacity)
14. Technical Advantages:-
High cycle efficiency .
Very high turbine efficiency.
Low turbine mechanical stress due to low
peripheral speed.
Low turbine rpm, allowing the direct drive of
the electric generator without gear reduction in
many applications. CONT.
15. No erosion of bades due to absence of
moisture in vapour nozzles.
No water consumed.
16. Operational Advantages:-
Simple start stop procedures.
Automatic and continuous operation.
No operator attendance needed.
Quiet operation.
High availability. (typically 98%)
17. Partial load operation down to 10% of nominal
Power
High efficiency at partial load.
Lower maintainence cost.
Long life
