The goal of this EuroIA 2015 presentation is to introduce participants into the fascinating topic of designing ecosystems. As Arthur C. Clarke would say, software, hardware and physical spaces now work together in such a seamless way that is "indistinguishable from magic". A myriad of web-connected, bluetooth-powered devices is ushering in a new era of enhanced interactions. These next-gen connected-objects neither have a screen nor input mechanism, which represents a non-charted territory for designers.

1. how to design a
pablo sanchez @ pabsanch
euroia 2015
wireless world

3. “Software is
eating the
world”
–Marc Andreessen
the unofficial motto of Silicon Valley

4. 1995 2015
1B people visit
facebook on a
single day
Netscape IPO 1998
Google is
founded.
500,000
searches
per day
2M Google
searches
per second
Makes $20B a
year from
advertising
(more than the
primetime
revenues of CBS,
NBC, ABC, and
FOX combined)
Amazon reaches
250M active
customers
Apple reaches 800M
iTunes accounts
Amazon sells its
first book online
facebook
is founded
2006
Google purchases
YouTube
2003
Apple opens the
iTunes Music Store
2013
YouTube reaches more
adults aged 14-34 than
any cable TV network
2014
2004
amazon sells more e-books
than print books
2011
1995
$20B
$40B
$60B
$80B
$100B
$120B
$140B
$160B
$180B
$200B
Apple Annual Revenue
2005
Software has driven two decades of innovation

5. 1995 2015
1B people visit
facebook on a
single day
Netscape IPO 1998
Google is
founded.
500,000
searches
per day
2M Google
searches
per second
Makes $20B a
year from
advertising
(more than the
primetime
revenues of CBS,
NBC, ABC, and
FOX combined)
Amazon reaches
250M active
customers
Apple reaches 800M
iTunes accounts
Amazon sells its
first book online
2005
facebook
is founded
2006
Google purchases
YouTube
2003
Apple opens the
iTunes Music Store
2013
YouTube reaches more
adults aged 14-34 than
any cable TV network
2014
2004
amazon sells more e-books
than print books
2011
1995
$20B
$40B
$60B
$80B
$100B
$120B
$140B
$160B
$180B
$200B
Apple Annual Revenue
Software alone? Not, really
2002 iPod
Sales: $5.7B
2005 iPod Nano
Sales: $13.9B
2007 iPhone
Sales: $24.9B
2010 iPad
Sales: $24.9B
2012 iPhone5
100M units sold

6. “TheiPodisreallyjustsoftware.
It’ssoftwareintheiPoditself,it’s
softwareonthePCortheMac,
andit’ssoftwareinthecloudfor
thestore.Andit’sinabeautiful
box,butit’ssoftware.
–Steve Jobs
AlanKayhadagreatquoteback
inthe’70s.Hesaid:peoplethat
lovesoftwarewanttobuildtheir
ownhardware”
Steve Jobs knew better…

7. The iPod opened up a new path for innovation
hardware
software
+
branded
iPod
PLAY
• browse audio
• play audio
• rate audio
MANAGE
• browse audio
• play audio
• rate audio
• add audio
• delete
• make playlist
• stream audio
• burn CDs
BUY
• find audio
• buy audio
• buy games
= ecosystem
iTunes
iTunes Store
The devices form a symbiotic relationship with mutually beneficial roles
plagiarism?
v
v

8. Welcome to the era of ecosystems…

9. Wi-Fi
Room Key
RFID
RFID
Point of Sale
iBeacon
NFC
Park
Admission
Amazon Alexa
Disney
Magic
Band
iPhone
…where wireless interactions define the user experience
Bluetooth LE
Eddystone

10. Room Key
Point of Sale
Park
Admission
Disney
Magic
Band
Mickey greet visitors
by name *
Photos are uploaded
to visitors account
Direct access to
3 attractions
without lanes
2nd time rides
are slightly
different *
Restaurants
Waitperson
greets visitors
by name in the
table of their
choice
Seamless integration is the key to quality
mydisneyexperience.com
mydisneyexperience.com
FastPass
* = not implemented yet

11. Room Key
Point of Sale
Park
Admission
Disney
Magic
Band
Photos are uploaded
to visitors account
Direct access to
3 attractions
without lanes
Restaurants
Waitperson
greets visitors
by name in the
table of their
choice
“Eventually everything
connects — people,
ideas, objects. The quality
of the connections is the
key to quality”.
–Charles Eames
mydisneyexperience.com
mydisneyexperience.com
FastPass
Mickey greet visitors
by name *
2nd time rides
are slightly
different *
* = not implemented yet
= software
= hardware
= spaces
Seamless integration is the key to quality

12. Seamless integration is the key to quality
When Amazon fire TV is purchased online through amazon.com…

13. Seamless integration is the key to quality
…the device already knows the user name and personalized content is displayed (after password)
Amazon Prime favorites, watchlist, etc
v

14. Loyalty programs are
added to Android Pay . . .
Seamless integration is the key to quality

15. Seamless integration is the key to quality
The rewards are
automatically applied
to every in-store
purchase . . .

16. Seamless integration is the key to quality
. . . and to every
online purchase.

17. Seamless integration is the key to quality
users get notified on
their watches

18. and the package gets home
via Google Shopping Express

19. software (in the cloud, devices…)
design ecosystems integrate:
with their own connected-products
and/or branded spaces in the physical world
API
retail spaces hotels amusement parks airports
etc.
3
1
2

20. software (in the cloud, devices…)
with their own connected-products
and/or branded spaces in the physical world
API
1 Ui design
multi-device
experiences
Do designers design ecosystems?

21. software (in the cloud, devices…)
connected-products
and/or branded spaces in the physical world
API
2
consumer
electronicsinternet of
things
personal
devices
UX design
Do designers design ecosystems?

22. software (in the cloud, devices…)
and/or branded spaces in the physical world
API
retail spaces hotels amusement parks airports
etc.
3
1
Do designers design ecosystems?
with their own connected-products
omni-channel
experiences
service design

23. –Angela Anrendts
“Digital people are incentivized to drive digital. And
store managers are interested in the store. We blew
that all up (…)
I hired a chief customer officer who came from
Lloyds who built us a huge insights and analytics
department. We put in traffic counters in all the
stores, because I could get traffic online but I
couldn’t get traffic offline and so I couldn’t get any
crossover behaviors. (…)
Offline stores will be able to see all your behavior
online. We are blurring the physical and digital, and
it’s not just the retail experience. It is the service."
former Burberry CEO, now president retail at Apple

24. Wi-Fi
All the world’s a network
And we all are mere hosts

25. Google Chromecast
Wi-Fi
From a design standpoint,
think of Wi-Fi as network:
personal devices and
objects connected by radio
Interbrand coined this meaningless
but catchy term in 1999 to refer to IEEE
802.11. Most people associate it with
internet access. It is way much more.
These days, wireless modules provide both
WLAN and bluetooth capabilities with minimal
footprint (1 sq cm.) They are pretty cheap ($3)
Wireless module:
AzureWave NH387
Please, don’t call
this an access
point!
Apple Watch Bluetooth/Wi-Fi module = $3 | display = $20 | CPU = $10 | RAM = $7

26. 802.11 ac
next-gen Wi-Fi
802.11 ac 2013 433 Mbps
Three antennas transmit and receive up to
three streams of data at the same time.
six times faster
(namely 50 MBps,
25 MBps in reality )
867 Mbps 1.3 Gbps
2 antennas can support two
streams at the same time
3 antennas can add up
to 162 MB per second,
81 MBps in reality)
802.11 g 2003 54
802.11 ac uses the 5GHz band which is less
crowded ( no interferences by cordless
phones, Bluetooth devices, microwave ovens… )
3 x 31 x 1 2 x 2
802.11 n 2009 72
Google OnHub
Wouldn’t be
much easier to
say Wi-Fi 5.0?
802.11 ac will eventually support 8 simultaneous streams adding up 6.93Gbps = 850 MB per second (802.11 ac second wave)
802.11 a 1999 54
802.11 b 1999 11
Mbps 150 Mbps 450 Mbps
Mbps
Mbps
Mbps
This is the
access point!

27. All these devices keep a secret
Amazon
Alexa
Modem
Router
HP 8610
Printer
Philips Hue
Bridge
Computer Microsoft
Xbox

28. They all know the network password
They don’t need your computer to communicate to each other

29. They all know the network password
They don’t need your computer to communicate to each other

30. They speak the same protocol (TCP/IP)
Sometimes they need a "translator"
This device
(bridge, aka
gateway)
translates
ZigBee to
the router
TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. TCP guarantees that all data packets gets delivered. IP guarantees that packages will reach the right destination.
Alexa, turn on
the lights

31. They share the same postal system (TCP/IP)
They router has provided every device with an IP address
TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. TCP guarantees that all data packets gets delivered. IP guarantees that packages will reach the right destination.
192.168.0.56
192.168.0.30
192.168.0.61
192.168.0.20
192.168.0.21
192.168.0.1 The router is the post office of the network.
It gives itself the first IP address

32. They provide services to each other
Thanks to Bonjour, uPNP, DLNA… no human intervention is required
TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. TCP guarantees that all data packets gets delivered. IP guarantees that packages will reach the right destination.
Is there
anyone Who
can print?
Bonjour printing
services coming!
Nope but if you want PLEX
movies just let me knoW
No, sorry.
No idea

33. They provide services to each other
Project Brillo and Google Weave promise to extend their interoperability
This iOT OS feels like android intents on the physical world. It is supposed to be Nest compatible: https://goo.gl/mS6SZX
Is there
anyone Who
can cook this
recipe?
Turning on the oven!
Setting the right temperature
flash forward

34. They maintain their own webpages
Amazon Echo: http://echo.amazon.com NETGEAR geni HP Embedded Web Server
192.168.0.1 192.168.0.30

35. …and they talk to the cloud
TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. TCP guarantees that all data packets gets delivered. IP guarantees that packages will reach the right destination.
I am running
out of ink!
LAN
WAN
This is called the ACCESS POINT
(wide area network)
(local area network)

36. …and their cloud talks to other clouds
Google API explorer: https://developers.google.com/apis-explorer/#p/
Alexa, What’s on
my calendar?
1
2
4
Google APIsAmazon APIs
3
8:3O American flight 1231
8:3O American flight 1231
APIs: The future is Now http://www.uie.com/articles/api_future/
Programmable Web : http://www.programmableweb.com/

37. Competitive advantage vs Collaborative advantage
Choose your music for the ride
–LuisVilla
music-enabled uber car Streaming your spotify playlists using uber app

38. bluetooth
Men are like bluetooth:
connected when your
nearby, but search for other
devices when you’re away

39. 1 1userdevice
TO
“PAIRED” NOMAD “CLOUD FREE”
“PROMISCUOUS”
device
1 TO users
MANY
SEDENTARY NEEDS THE CLOUD

40. 1 1userdevice
TO
“PAIRED”
“PROMISCUOUS”
device
1 TO users
MANY
Does my product
interact only with
one user ?
Question #1
Yes
No

41. NOMAD
SEDENTARY
Is my product
most enjoyed
on the go?
Question #2
Yes
No

42. NEEDS THE CLOUD
“CLOUD FREE”
Can my product be
enjoyed without
Cloud access?
Question #3
Yes
No

43. 1 1userdevice
TO
“PAIRED”
“PROMISCUOUS”
device
1 TO users
MANY
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
Does my product
interact only with
one user ?
Question #1

44. “PROMISCUOUS”
device
1 TO users
MANY
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
Does my product
interact only with
one user ?
Question #1

45. Is my product
most enjoyed
on the go?
Question #2
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
NOMAD
SEDENTARY

46. Is my product
most enjoyed
on the go?
Question #2
Yes
No No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
SEDENTARY

47. Can my product be
enjoyed without
Cloud access?
Question #3
Yes
No No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
NEEDS THE CLOUD
“CLOUD FREE”

48. Can my product be
enjoyed without
Cloud access?
Question #3
Yes
No No No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
NEEDS THE CLOUD

49. Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
But what about the throughput? 2.1 Mbps ?
Airdrop
Bloothoth 1.1 BR = 1 Mbps | Bloothoth 2.0 EDR = namely 2-3 Mbps (2.1 Mbps in real conditions ) | Bloothoth 4.0 LE = 1 Mbps

50. Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
Airdrop = + WiFi Direct
Airdrop
But what about the throughput? 2.1 Mbps ?

51. Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
Airdrop = + WiFi Direct
Android Beam = + WiFi DirectNFC
Airdrop
But what about the throughput? 2.1 Mbps ?

52. No
Yes Yes
No
Yes
No
1 TO 1? on the go?
mostly
w/o cloud?
enjoyed
throughput?
limited
No
No
we need a more detail diagram to visualize
the trade-offs and compromises
My Passport Wireless

53. Wi-Fi
hotspot
USB USB
charging
1 TO 1 on the go
mostly
w/o cloud
enjoyed
My Passport Wireless
throughput
limited
1 TO ∞
sedentary w/o cloud
enjoyed
throughput
non-limited"promiscuous"
"paired"
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi
hotspot
Wi-Fi
USB 3
Wi-Fi
USB
Access is very
limited
It works as a NAS
device: anyone in the
network can access
Only authenticated
users can access
Three connection modes were created for the user to pick

54. Wi-Fi
hotspot
The Passport Wireless creates its own Wi-Fi. Only the
mobile devices / computers connected to its SSID can
access the drive content.
FTP (File Transfer
Protocol) enables the
transfer of content
with wireless cameras
that support FTP

55. bluetooth LE
ultra-low power and
not-backwards compatible
version of Bluetooth

56. Turns radio on
as seldom as possible
Turns radio off
as soon as possible
Low latency
Fast connection
in 6 ms
Low memory footprint
Low bandwidth
Ultra low power
battery 1+year

57. TX (transmit) power level can be customized
Bluetooth is most effective at the 30 ft range, depending on the environment.
Bluetooth maximum range is 100 ft.
LE
Bluetooth LE range can extend beyond 100 ft.
https://goo.gl/wdoZvk
100ft / 30m
Bluetooth 2.0
Bluetooth LE
30ft / 9m
150ft /
45m

58. yesyes
voiceIP
yes
Bluetooth
Bluetooth LE
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi Direct
ZigBee
voice data audio video state
no
no
yes
yes
yes
no
no
yes
yes
no
no
yes
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
yes
yes
Low power, low
bandwidth, low
latency data

59. Welcome to the Bloototh
Are Bluetooth 4.0, Bluetooth LE and
Bluetooth Smart the same?
Question:

60. Bluetooth Smart
BR
Basic Rate
1 Mbps1.1 (2002)
EDR
Enhanced Data Rate
2-3 Mbps2.0 (2004)
HS
High Speed
3.0 (2009) Alternative MAC/PHY
LE
Enhanced Data Rate
1 Mbps4.0 (2010)
Single-mode device with LE-only radio
Bluetooth Smart Ready
Dual-mode device with BR/EDR and LE radio
3 Mbps nominal and 2.1 Mbps
practical data transfer
Welcome to the Bluetooth ceremony of confusion!

61. Is Bluetooth usable?
Question:

62. slavemaster
Once a device has been slaved, (paired) only
the master can set it free. Users tend to
forget which device it was paired with.
The interaction with physical buttons when
pairing devices can be frustrating. Users tend
to forget to open the bluetooth panel in their
devices. Sometimes the order matters.
· Mac: Disconnect = disconnects but also forgets
· iOS: Forget affordance but no way to disconnect
· Android : Affordances for both disconnect and forget
Many Ui Inconsistencies across platforms makes
bluetooth not easy to remember
Bluetooth tend to drain the device’s
battery. User’s lack visibility and
control.
Once a device has been slaved, it
doesn’t advertise itself. Much
frustration happens when users can’t
even see their devices on the list
?

63. slavemaster
central peripheral
LE
As opposed to a broadcaster, this device is "connectable"scans and connects to devices
Connecting to a Bluetooth LE is easier than “Pairing
devices” but users expect to “sync”. Lots of confusion
when the name of the device is not even listed on the
Bluetooth iOS/android settings panel.

64. slavemaster
central peripheral
broadcasterobserver
LE
Beacons transmit small packets of data
to advertise their presence
The observer "wakes up" but
can’t connect to the broadcaster
As opposed to a broadcaster, this device is "connectable"scans and connects to devices
Beacons can be intrusive in their attempt to
anticipate users intentions. Commercial messages
triggered by beacons can reach SPAM levels if
unchecked. Google Here (maps + beacons
recently shut down for this reason.

65. demo

66. NFC & RFID
Small in Size Big in Opportunities

67. NFC stands for Near Field Communications. RFID is the read-only version of NFC
NFC
The NFC reader generates a magnetic field that induces a
voltage across the coil of an NFC tag.
The tag is a
miniature radio
module. It comprises
a small microchip
and a copper coil.
When the microchip power up, it starts
communicating its unique ID to the NFC reader.
An NFC tag costs 10 cents

68. https://goo.gl/pKJ7PC
Samsung
Galaxy S4
Apple is using nfc
only to enable
Apple Pay.
Developers don’t
have access yet to
this feature for their
own apps.
Apple Watch
iOS & Android support

69. The Orbotix is working on an
intelligent ramp that has its
own leaderboard, tracking
player points as Ollie hits the
ramp
NFC tag &
reader

70. RFID tagRFID reader

71. one more thing
“systems” approach
device limitations
solve real user problems

72. cord cutter
customer
Roamio
TiVO
mini
TiVO service
TiVO
apps
router
TiVO
Living room experience
TV
phone
Multi-room experience
laptop
TiVO
online
TiVO
apps
tablettablet
tablet
"out-of-home" experience
second screens
primary screen
TiVO:experiencemap
tablet
Apply a “systems” approach to design
Join forces with the middleware / architecture team

73. Embrace device limitations
Take the most out of each member of the ecosystem
Boarding
Pass
smartphone
smart
Watch
location
user
profile
haptic
buzzer

74. Solve real user problems
Always evaluate “cool” technology from a UX lens

75. Thanks!
pablo sanchez @ pabsanch
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