6. Rain
Transpiration
Evapo-transpiration
Irrigation
Evaporation
Runoff
Root Zone
Water Storage
Below Root Drainage
Zone
7. Groundwater begins as
INFILTRATION
Precipitation falls and
infiltrates into the
subsurface soil and
rock.
•Can remain in shallow soil layer
•Might seep into a stream bank
•May infiltrate deeper, recharging an aquifer
•May travel long distances
•May stay in storage as ground water
9. DURING EVAPORATION
Water turns from a liquid to a gas.
Water moves from rivers and lakes
into the atmosphere in the form of
water vapor.
Water vapor forms clouds.
12. METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF
EVAPORATION
Pan measurement method,
Using Empirical formulae,
Storage equation method, and
Energy budget method.
13. PAN METHOD
Class A Pan
Standard at advanced
weather stations
Can be used to estimate
open water evaporation
15. PRECIPITATION
Single strongest variable driving hydrologic
processes
Formed by water vapor in the atmosphere
As air cools its ability to ‘hold’ water
decreases and some turns to liquid or ice
(snow)
19. Evapotranspiration (ET) is the term used to
describe the amount of water which is effectively
lost from the earth surface to the atmosphere by
soil surface evaporation and plant transpiration.
ET is mainly:
-an important component of the water cycle
-necessary for calculation of the soil water
balance,
-input variable in crop yield models or study
of ecosystem or study of
regional climate, among others.
20. Hill slope Hydrology
Runoff Processes:
Horton overland flow
Subsurface stormflow,
Water Flow
Return flow
Groundwater flow
