Scaling Yii2 Application
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My share session at YiiConf 26th August 2017 about scaling Yii2 app.
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Scaling Yii2 Application
- 1. Scaling Out Yii2 App @petrabarus YiiConf Indonesia 26 Ags 2017
- 2. Hi Everyone! I am Petra Novandi Now serves as Chief Technology Officer at UrbanIndo.com - Contact me at Email: petra.barus@gmail.com Twitter: @petrabarus
- 3. UrbanIndo & Yii - Use Yii 1.1 at 2011 - Migrate to Yii 2.0 at 2015 - Contribute to Yii core - #7435 #8933 #9249 #9277 - Contribute to Yii2 plugins - yii2-queue, yii2-s3-cache, yii2-dynamodb
- 5. Let me tell you a common story... Dewi is a software engineer. She had a great idea for app! So Dewi build a new app from scratch.
- 6. MySQL Yii App PHP Apache Pictures Assets Libraries Logs Scripts Files Like a lot other engineers, Dewi put all the stuffs in one server.
- 7. AND THE TRAFFIC GOES UP UP UP! AWESOME!!
- 8. BUT ALL HELL BREAK LOOSE! SOUNDS FAMILIAR?
- 9. This is story about Scaling
- 11. Continuous Availability/Redundancy No single point of failure Cost/Performance Flexibility Not being locked by the hardware WHY SCALE OUT? Continuous Upgrade Without downtime Geographical Distribution Access to nearest node
- 12. Multi-servers environment concerns in Yii2 Database Assets Load Balancing File System Session Deployment And many more… Logging, Cache, Queue, Batch Processings. Let’s discuss that on another occasion.. I don’t have enough time.. :(
- 13. LOAD BALANCING DATABASE SESSION FILE SYSTEM ASSETS DEPLOYMENT
- 14. Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Load Balancer Load balancer will forward requests to instances
- 15. Sticky Sessions Requests from same client will be forwarded to same instance Load Balancer Session Types Non-Sticky Sessions Requests from same client can be forwarded to different instances.
- 16. Open Source Load Balancer Technologies
- 18. » No need a lot of configuration in the Yii side » Although you might want to have concerns in ⋄ hostInfo in the yiiwebUrlManager ⋄ ipHeaders in yiiwebRequest (upcoming Yii 2.0.13), different proxies can have different headers
- 19. LOAD BALANCING DATABASE SESSION FILE SYSTEM ASSETS DEPLOYMENT
- 20. Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Yii2 Apache Database All instances access the same database instance(s). Make them more stateless
- 21. Simple Change in Configuration
- 22. DATABASE CAN BE SCALED TOO!
- 24. Yii2 Natively Support Db Replication Or use other tech like ProxySQL
- 25. LOAD BALANCING DATABASE SESSION FILE SYSTEM ASSETS DEPLOYMENT
- 26. ❏ Since PHP stores session in file system we need to store it outside the instance ❏ Similar like database ❏ Use classes like yiimongodbSession, yiiredisSession, yiiwebDbSession, yiiwebCacheSession,
- 27. Sample Config
- 28. Some Considerations » Better use key-value storage type that stores in memory instead of files ⋄ E.g. Redis, memcached ⋄ Or SQL that support memory storage ⋄ MySQL’s MEMORY storage engine » Execute Session::gcSession() using cron.
- 29. LOAD BALANCING DATABASE SESSION FILE SYSTEM ASSETS DEPLOYMENT
- 30. Avoid writing and storing data to local file systems Every app instance has to identical
- 32. Write file to centralized storage » FTP » Amazon S3 » Azure » DropBox Use filesystem abstraction! » GridFs » Rackspace » Copy.com Recommended library: league/flysystem ⇨ creocoder/yii2-flysystem
- 33. Sample Config
- 34. Yii::$app->fs->write(‘text1.txt’, blablabla’) Instance A Instance B Yii::$app->fs->read(‘text1.txt’) Central Storage
- 35. LOAD BALANCING DATABASE SESSION FILE SYSTEM ASSETS DEPLOYMENT
- 36. Asset Management in Single Server » Hash is not deterministic due to filemtime() (yiiwebAssetManager::hash) » Different server can have different filemtime()
- 37. Multiple Server /var/www/web/assets/1234567890/script.js /var/www/web/assets/ABCDEFGHIJ/script.js
- 39. Multiple Server With Consistent Hash /var/www/web/assets/1234567890/script.js /var/www/web/assets/1234567890/script.js
- 40. A Much Better Way 1. Build and compress the assets in build server 2. Upload assets to central storage (e.g. S3) 3. Put a CDN in front of the storage
- 41. BUILD COMPR ESS UPLOA D DEPLO Y SOURCE REPO BUILD SERVER CENTRAL STORAGE (S3) APP SERVERS HTML Requests JS/CSS Requests CDN
- 42. Pros 1. No need additional local process to generate assets (Reduced request time) 2. Optimized assets 3. Served through CDN Cons 1. Need build server 2. Need central storage 3. Need CDN 4. Build can be slow
- 43. LOAD BALANCING DATABASE SESSION FILE SYSTEM ASSETS DEPLOYMENT
- 44. Deployment Can Be As Simple As BUT a lot of things can go wrong with this
- 45. Deploy Command Things can go wrong, e.g. failure on deploy or bug after deploying, need rollback
- 47. Some Considerations » Composer installation after code pull » Asset installation, build, compress after code pull » Load balancer request draining before code symlink » Local cache clean up » JIT warming up (if using HHVM) » Health check for load balancer » Blue-green deployment
- 49. ❏ Scaling Out has more better merits in common use cases ❏ App has to be Stateless for scaling out ❏ Data storages has to be Centralized
- 50. THANKS! You can find me at » @petrabarus » petra.barus@gmail.com