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     Rich Mobile Applications
Enabling a real-time mobile web UX
       Paul Golding (02-Dec-2008) v0.2
                                     Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
2




The Thesis
     Due to a number of key browser and
     mobile platform trends, mobile web
     applications will increasingly be
     capable of real-time and
     asynchronous functions that will
     dramatically improve the user
     experience, including impacts on
     telephony, messaging and social
     networking. This will lead to a new
     breed of Rich Mobile Applications
                                           (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
3




Real-time?

 Real-time here means ability for the web-based applications to respond to
 asynchronous events as they happen in both the web and “native phone”
 domains. For example, web application will be bought into focus in response
 to IM message, text messages, phone calls, social network updates - they
 will handle the events, consume the data and dispatch response(s).

 Real-time is a key attribute of the mobile experience - it is what mobile is all
 about!




                                                                    (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
4




Real-time?
                           Web



                           Page


           Web page synchronised to user clicks


       Phone events        Web         Web events
                           Page


                          Web
                           Page
                                                     Web 2.0




     Web page changes state asynchronously to user clicks
                                                        Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
5




Mobile Browsing 1,2,3..

 Thus far, mobilisation of web has been mostly about accessing the web from a mobile.
 Phase one was ‘cut-down’ web (e.g. WAP) and phase two was ‘full web’ on the mobile.

 Full web still a relatively poor UX, but improving and highly motivated by the increased
 digitisation of lifestyles due to Web 2.0 - i.e. we all spend more time online and need the
 same basic ‘always browsable’ benefits that mobile telephony brought to telephony.

 Phase three needs to be about making the web ‘always on’ (persistent) and enabling it to
 merge (mash?) with the other mobile functions (e.g. telephony, messaging, location etc.)

 Always browsable not the same as ‘always on’




                                                                             (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
6




Key browser trends...
                        (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
7




Trend 1- Persistence

 In order for a mobile application to be reactive to real-time events, it has to
 be always running, or persistent.

 Key technologies that support persistence are:

    Widgets/Embedded web container

    Offline storage




                                                                    (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
8




Widgets and Offline...


 Widgets can support persistence by allowing the web application to always
 be running and always be visible (in some way) to the user. Note that many
 implementations today of widgets are NOT persistent! They do not run in the
 background.

 Offline storage supports persistence by allowing (a copy of) web-bound data
 to be accessed and updated in real-time without a viable web connection




                                                               (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
9




The advantage of persistence...
 Widgets

    Always on and able to react to events

    Always visible to the user - easy to ‘bump into’

 Offline

    ‘Web bound’ data always available

    Outbound events can be asynchronous to network availability (e.g. updating
    status, sending a message etc.)

 Challenges: battery, data sync, widget UI (small screens)


                                                                   (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
10




Trend 2 - Push
 We have persistence, but how do we make these apps reactive to events?

 Not by AJAX-ian polling = bad for battery = bad for mobile!

 Non-web push already exists - WAP Push, SMS, MIDP registry, Blackberry, Mobile Me: all
 external to web runtime.

 Mobile AJAX will likely incorporate COMET - true asynchronous push within the web
 runtime. Example - lightstreaming. See http://blog.wirelesswanders.com/?s=push+ajax


                Web
                Page                                             Web 2.0
                          Data pushed to the web page


                                                                        (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
11




Trend 3 - Browser APIs
 Open AJAX mobile APIs

 e.g. BONDI initiative (OMTP)

 Telephony, messaging, address book, location, camera, media etc.

 Note - most browsers already support embedding of phone numbers (OMA)

        Web                        Device      Web
        Page                        APIs       Page

      Browser                                 Browser

                                                Javascript access to APIs

                                                              (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
12




Trend 4 - embedded web
 Making the web browser a component accessible natively - e.g. Qtopia,
 Android [like Adobe Air on the desktop]

 Client-side “mashing” possible, between web apps and between web and
 native apps/data stores e.g. address book + dynamic Facebook updates

 This architecture tends to support pattern of web-UI enabling of native apps
 (e.g. iTunes). In other words, native-centric more than browser-centric
 integration. Still valid, still useful.

                   Device               Native
                    APIs                 App

                                     Embedded
                                      Browser

                                                                (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
13




Trend 5 - MIDP Bridging
 Ability to access MIDP helper applications from within the browser
 environment

 Numerous potential benefits to running helper functions in MIDP, but also
 architectural challenges (at embedded level)

 Fragmentation not so problematic if large part of the overall app will be
 web-based
                   MIDP         Web
                   Apps         Page

                              Browser



                                                                (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
14




Trend 6 - Helper Functions
 Use of native phone applications to support the browser

 Possible method is Netscape plug-in architecture and <object> tag

 Emerging in browsers like Opera 9.5 and Torch Mobile’s Iris (partner solution
 for Qtopia)

 Add-ons architecture in Fennec

                  Helper        Web
                  Apps          Page

                               Browser



                                                                 (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
15




Trend 7 - Better Javascript

 Faster performance (e.g. SquirrelFish in Webkit)

 Richer libraries

 Javascript could also be used to support inter web-app communication
 pathways (e.g. in Widget framework)

 Will Javascript become native to mobiles anyway (e.g. JavaFX Script)?




                                                               (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
16




The ecosystem trends...
                      (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
17




Web 2.0 Trend - Cloud Computing


 Moving more of your data into the cloud - contacts, diary, documents, notes,
 bookmarks, photos

 Other data sets makes sense: text messages, call records, - moving towards
 100% of “phone data” stored in the cloud




                                                               (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
18




Web 2.0 Trend -Microformats
 Data formats that make data more portable between web applications

 Opportunities to move more mobile data into the cloud, keeping it open
 and portable.

 Emerging formats will enable “contextual” computing

         <div id=quot;hcard-Paul-Goldingquot; class=quot;vcardquot;>
           <span class=quot;fnquot;>Paul Golding</span>
           <a class=quot;emailquot; href=quot;mailto:goldingp@gmail.comquot;>goldingp@gmail.com</a>
           <div class=quot;adrquot;>
            <div class=quot;street-addressquot;>9 Eton Way</div>
            <span class=quot;localityquot;>Windsor</span>
         ,
            <span class=quot;postal-codequot;>POSH 1</span>

           <span class=quot;country-namequot;>United Kingdom</span>

          </div>




                                                                                      (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
19




Moving “Phone” data to cloud
                   Browser                                Phone Data
                                     Store                              The Cloud

                                 Text messages
                                  Call records
                  “Phone” APIs   Address book               Open API
                                  Divert status
                                      MMS
                                       etc.




User’s mobile phone usage is reflected
back into the cloud into an open
                                                  skype    Truphone    Others
platform. It can then be subscribed by
other services enjoyed by the user -
e.g. Skype, Truphone etc.



                                                                                (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
20




Web 2.0 Trend - Social APIs

 Google Social Graph API
 Google Friend Connect
 Movement generally towards GGG web architecture (Web
 3.0)
 Means very easy to port social connectivity to web runtime
 from the phone - i.e. add a friend online, not in the address
 book, not in the SIM


                                                     (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
21




Social Applications
        Browser                                       Phone Data
                           Store                                   The Cloud

                       Text messages
                        Call records
        “Phone” APIs   Address book                     Open API
                        Divert status
                            MMS
                             etc.




                                                                    Social apps
                                        Social APIs




                                                                         (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
22




Mobile is social
                                    Messaging (real-time)

                                    Native Apps

                                    Mobile Internet




             =                      Video (packet and switched)

                                    Location

                                    Proximity (BT, barcodes, RFID, geo-
                                    tagging, GPS, “mobile compass”)

                                    Telephony (IMS, call records)

Mobile is the ultimate connector!   Presence/Address Book (offline
                                    storage)

                                    Mobile TV (Interactive services)
                                                              (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
23




Mobile social networks - the trend will be towards the “here and now” (i.e.
real-time) aspects:

   Dynamic/automatic status updates based on user’s context - trend already
   happening with photo/location enabling of so many iPhone apps

   Proximity updates - “bump into” things or people and have this reflected in my
   social network (e.g. mobiles will replace business cards and handshaking)

   ‘As I think’ updates - e.g. ‘jotting at the speed of thought’ (thumbjot.com)




                                                                      (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
24




RMA before RIA


 With the aforementioned mixable/mashable aspects of browsers with native
 apps, a Rich Mobile Applications potentiality is emerging

 RIA is usually all about the richness of the UI (e.g. Flash/Flex) whereas RMA
 will be more about the richness of the connectivity in its broadest sense.

 RIA also coming, but not so important




                                                                  (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
25




Use Case - Web address book
 Fully networked, always up-to-date, shared address books

 Offline means that the address book can now be web-bound, but also instantly
 accessible without a connection

 UX - my address book is easy to maintain, always up to date (even if a friend changes his/
 her number - I get the update). It shows dynamic data about my contacts, such as
 Facebook status, and can vector into other services, e.g. “creating social events” via
 Facebook

 In future, users will kill time by ‘surfing’ their address book. It won’t look like what it does
 today. It doesn’t exist in one place - it is a mash-up using microformats.

 The active address book is the quintessential Mobile 2.0 experience



                                                                                 (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
26




Use Case - Rich ‘Caller’ ID


 Calls/texts/emails always augmented by latest information from the user’s
 social networks (from the web address book)

 User can easily ‘bump into’ other stuff in real-time associated with their
 contacts




                                                                   (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
27




Use Case - Rich ‘Social ID’

 Rich caller ID in reverse: Web 2.0 experiences are augmented in real-time
 by social connectivity available via my mobile

 E.g. 1 - Direct association: read a blog article by Joe B and can click to
 call Joe B, text Joe B, or otherwise ‘connect’ with Joe B via any means
 possible via the enhanced address book

 E.g. 2 - Semantic association: read a blog about ‘acupuncture’ and
 immediately search for possible connections in my social network




                                                                (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
28




Implications
            Today                                          Tomorrow
  Mobile                          Mobile                          Mobile
              Phone                           Phone                           Phone
  Network                         Network                         Network
                                                           Web
                                                            2.0
                           Web
              Browser                         Browser
                            2.0                                               Browser           Web
                                                                                                 2.0


            Media Player                    Media Player                    Media Player



               Other                           Other                           Other
            e.g. Camera                     e.g. Camera                     e.g. Camera



  Movement of real-time service logic and data away from the
  operator and towards the Web!

  Can this trend be extended up into the mobile network itself? This
  trend already underway with limited ‘network APIs’ (e.g. Betavine)
                                                                                        (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
29




Today: Silo mobile architecture...


                                 Rich       IO
   Browser   Messaging   Comms
                                 Media   (Sensors)




     Web      Telco      Telco    OS       OS
    bound     bound      bound   bound    bound
30




Future: Rich Mobile Applications

                                            Rich           IO
              Messaging     Comms
                                            Media       (Sensors)

                  API         API            API           API
    Offline sync           Browser
                                               “Always on” web
                      Web 2.0 “Mobile OS”
                                              (e.g. Widgetization)
                  API         API

                  Telco      Telco           OS            OS
31




Mobile network trends...
                       (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
32




Operator trend - SIP/IMS

 Mobile networks migration to all-IP infrastructure, such as SIP-based
 IMS and XML/HTTP based XDMS (web standards, but not yet web-
 based - still behind a wall)

 In the network, SIP-based applications are easy to build, extend, mash-
 up and deploy: SIP servlets, SLEE etc.

 BUT - main technical hurdle has been IMS apps on devices and lack of
 universal client - no such thing as a “SIP browser” -- or is there?



                                                            (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
33




SIP ‘browser?’
 Oh - it’s just a mobile web browser (or widgets)

 Using a native SIP ‘dispatcher,’ possible to use the browser UI as the
 front end for SIP apps? [Various integration points possible.]

 In conjunction with widgets, we have always-connected UX via
 browser

 IMS/SIP apps instantly mashable!

 IMS widgets the future?

 OR...we use XMPP to do the same thing

                                                           (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
34




Operator trend - Mobile TV
 Another possible key trend is emergence of Mobile TV networks (DVB-H)

 Interactivity is supported by mobile data, which is the possible mashing point

 Availability of media player and ESG should be exposed via Mobile AJAX
 ‘standard’ to allow Rich Mobile TV (RMTV) applications to be created. Possible
 new (and big) revenues stream from ‘because of’ effect - new genres of ‘social TV’
 and ‘context TV’ will emerge.

 Also possible using MIDP bridge (e.g. JSR 272 Mobile Broadcast API)

 New breed of mobile TV mash-ups possible (including IPTV - I have designed
 them!) BUT, again, subject to willingness to make the TV ecosystem open.


                                                                      (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
35




Other opportunity - Home


 Expose PnP and DLNA protocols to the web runtime

 Example is iPhone 2.0 “remote” application to control Apple TV and iTunes
 (via Bonjour) = mega-cool app!

 Use case: printing to PnP printers - “Do you want a copy of this picture (on
 my mobile)? Let me share it on your printer.”




                                                                 (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
36




Challenges
 Battery life - persistent applications can be “chatty”

 Filtering - need way to control flow of real-time events and reactions on the handset -
 technological and design-pattern solutions required.

 Embedded platforms - not easy to enable concurrency on mobiles across multiple
 ‘run times’ (e.g. browser, native, MIDP, helper apps etc.) Solution is probably the new
 breed of integrated run-times, like Qtopia, Android etc.

 Persistent UX - not easy to allow users to interact frequently with concurrent web
 applications. Solution is better display technologies. Still a long way to go, including
 better use of 3D.

 Standards - potentially many ways to enable rich mobile applications from the
 browser. It is also an area of hot innovation, so need to ensure we don’t end up with
 lots of incompatible solutions.

                                                                          (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
Possible Mobile 3.0 tipping points (TP)...                                   37

                                             TP = Rich Mobile Browsers?
TP = Femtocells?
                                   Rich Mobile
                                      Apps
             Agile                                        Sensor
            Access                                      Proliferation
                                                                        TP = RFID?


   Smartphone
    Adoption
                   Mobile 3.0?                                   Cloud
                       (“always on mobile web”)                Computing

  TP = Android?            App                Social         TP = Multi-network
                          Stores            Computing         content vending?

                      TP = iPhone?      TP = Social APIs?
                All of these technologies have already landed!
     Mobile 3.0 = when most of our digital services will become mobilized
38




Summary

Mobile browser trends and Web 2.0 trends point towards a uniquely mobile browser
evolution that caters for the other stuff that mobiles do, taking into account the real-time
element of the mobile UX

New ‘rich mobile applications’ (RMA) will emerge where richness of connectivity (or
richness of context) is more important than the richness of UI that is the prevalent trend in
desktop browser evolution towards RIA

Other ‘background’ trends in the mobile networks (e.g. IMS, DVB-H) could play a part in
the evolution. In fact, RMA is a good technological fit for easier service creation with these
networks. Openness is a problem (for operators) but essential for proliferation of perpetual
mobile connectedness.




                                                                             (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
39




Conclusions
  RMA is possibly the defining pivot of the next
  generation of mobile applications (with or
  without IMS).

  It involves ultimately an ecosystem play
  because mashing of other phone functions
  with Web 2.0 only makes sense if there’s a
  useful Web 2.0 ecosystem (e.g. cloud
  computing) to support services

  In other words, players in the ‘RMA race’ need
  a technology/ecosystem strategy to win the
  mobile platform wars that will eventually
  reduce fragmentation. Most likely, there will be
  three winners in the consumer space and two
  in the enterprise space. I have my own ideas
  - you can guess who :)


                                                     (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
40




Thank you
        Paul Golding
 paul@wirelesswanders.com
   wirelesswanders.com




   Follow           @pgolding




                                (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008

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Real Time Mobile Web V0.2

  • 1. 1 Rich Mobile Applications Enabling a real-time mobile web UX Paul Golding (02-Dec-2008) v0.2 Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 2. 2 The Thesis Due to a number of key browser and mobile platform trends, mobile web applications will increasingly be capable of real-time and asynchronous functions that will dramatically improve the user experience, including impacts on telephony, messaging and social networking. This will lead to a new breed of Rich Mobile Applications (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 3. 3 Real-time? Real-time here means ability for the web-based applications to respond to asynchronous events as they happen in both the web and “native phone” domains. For example, web application will be bought into focus in response to IM message, text messages, phone calls, social network updates - they will handle the events, consume the data and dispatch response(s). Real-time is a key attribute of the mobile experience - it is what mobile is all about! (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 4. 4 Real-time? Web  Page Web page synchronised to user clicks Phone events Web Web events Page  Web Page Web 2.0 Web page changes state asynchronously to user clicks Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 5. 5 Mobile Browsing 1,2,3.. Thus far, mobilisation of web has been mostly about accessing the web from a mobile. Phase one was ‘cut-down’ web (e.g. WAP) and phase two was ‘full web’ on the mobile. Full web still a relatively poor UX, but improving and highly motivated by the increased digitisation of lifestyles due to Web 2.0 - i.e. we all spend more time online and need the same basic ‘always browsable’ benefits that mobile telephony brought to telephony. Phase three needs to be about making the web ‘always on’ (persistent) and enabling it to merge (mash?) with the other mobile functions (e.g. telephony, messaging, location etc.) Always browsable not the same as ‘always on’ (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 6. 6 Key browser trends... (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 7. 7 Trend 1- Persistence In order for a mobile application to be reactive to real-time events, it has to be always running, or persistent. Key technologies that support persistence are: Widgets/Embedded web container Offline storage (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 8. 8 Widgets and Offline... Widgets can support persistence by allowing the web application to always be running and always be visible (in some way) to the user. Note that many implementations today of widgets are NOT persistent! They do not run in the background. Offline storage supports persistence by allowing (a copy of) web-bound data to be accessed and updated in real-time without a viable web connection (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 9. 9 The advantage of persistence... Widgets Always on and able to react to events Always visible to the user - easy to ‘bump into’ Offline ‘Web bound’ data always available Outbound events can be asynchronous to network availability (e.g. updating status, sending a message etc.) Challenges: battery, data sync, widget UI (small screens) (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 10. 10 Trend 2 - Push We have persistence, but how do we make these apps reactive to events? Not by AJAX-ian polling = bad for battery = bad for mobile! Non-web push already exists - WAP Push, SMS, MIDP registry, Blackberry, Mobile Me: all external to web runtime. Mobile AJAX will likely incorporate COMET - true asynchronous push within the web runtime. Example - lightstreaming. See http://blog.wirelesswanders.com/?s=push+ajax Web Page Web 2.0 Data pushed to the web page (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 11. 11 Trend 3 - Browser APIs Open AJAX mobile APIs e.g. BONDI initiative (OMTP) Telephony, messaging, address book, location, camera, media etc. Note - most browsers already support embedding of phone numbers (OMA) Web Device Web Page APIs Page Browser Browser Javascript access to APIs (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 12. 12 Trend 4 - embedded web Making the web browser a component accessible natively - e.g. Qtopia, Android [like Adobe Air on the desktop] Client-side “mashing” possible, between web apps and between web and native apps/data stores e.g. address book + dynamic Facebook updates This architecture tends to support pattern of web-UI enabling of native apps (e.g. iTunes). In other words, native-centric more than browser-centric integration. Still valid, still useful. Device Native APIs App Embedded Browser (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 13. 13 Trend 5 - MIDP Bridging Ability to access MIDP helper applications from within the browser environment Numerous potential benefits to running helper functions in MIDP, but also architectural challenges (at embedded level) Fragmentation not so problematic if large part of the overall app will be web-based MIDP Web Apps Page Browser (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 14. 14 Trend 6 - Helper Functions Use of native phone applications to support the browser Possible method is Netscape plug-in architecture and <object> tag Emerging in browsers like Opera 9.5 and Torch Mobile’s Iris (partner solution for Qtopia) Add-ons architecture in Fennec Helper Web Apps Page Browser (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 15. 15 Trend 7 - Better Javascript Faster performance (e.g. SquirrelFish in Webkit) Richer libraries Javascript could also be used to support inter web-app communication pathways (e.g. in Widget framework) Will Javascript become native to mobiles anyway (e.g. JavaFX Script)? (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 16. 16 The ecosystem trends... (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 17. 17 Web 2.0 Trend - Cloud Computing Moving more of your data into the cloud - contacts, diary, documents, notes, bookmarks, photos Other data sets makes sense: text messages, call records, - moving towards 100% of “phone data” stored in the cloud (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 18. 18 Web 2.0 Trend -Microformats Data formats that make data more portable between web applications Opportunities to move more mobile data into the cloud, keeping it open and portable. Emerging formats will enable “contextual” computing <div id=quot;hcard-Paul-Goldingquot; class=quot;vcardquot;> <span class=quot;fnquot;>Paul Golding</span> <a class=quot;emailquot; href=quot;mailto:goldingp@gmail.comquot;>goldingp@gmail.com</a> <div class=quot;adrquot;> <div class=quot;street-addressquot;>9 Eton Way</div> <span class=quot;localityquot;>Windsor</span> , <span class=quot;postal-codequot;>POSH 1</span> <span class=quot;country-namequot;>United Kingdom</span> </div> (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 19. 19 Moving “Phone” data to cloud Browser Phone Data Store The Cloud Text messages Call records “Phone” APIs Address book Open API Divert status MMS etc. User’s mobile phone usage is reflected back into the cloud into an open skype Truphone Others platform. It can then be subscribed by other services enjoyed by the user - e.g. Skype, Truphone etc. (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 20. 20 Web 2.0 Trend - Social APIs Google Social Graph API Google Friend Connect Movement generally towards GGG web architecture (Web 3.0) Means very easy to port social connectivity to web runtime from the phone - i.e. add a friend online, not in the address book, not in the SIM (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 21. 21 Social Applications Browser Phone Data Store The Cloud Text messages Call records “Phone” APIs Address book Open API Divert status MMS etc. Social apps Social APIs (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 22. 22 Mobile is social Messaging (real-time) Native Apps Mobile Internet = Video (packet and switched) Location Proximity (BT, barcodes, RFID, geo- tagging, GPS, “mobile compass”) Telephony (IMS, call records) Mobile is the ultimate connector! Presence/Address Book (offline storage) Mobile TV (Interactive services) (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 23. 23 Mobile social networks - the trend will be towards the “here and now” (i.e. real-time) aspects: Dynamic/automatic status updates based on user’s context - trend already happening with photo/location enabling of so many iPhone apps Proximity updates - “bump into” things or people and have this reflected in my social network (e.g. mobiles will replace business cards and handshaking) ‘As I think’ updates - e.g. ‘jotting at the speed of thought’ (thumbjot.com) (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 24. 24 RMA before RIA With the aforementioned mixable/mashable aspects of browsers with native apps, a Rich Mobile Applications potentiality is emerging RIA is usually all about the richness of the UI (e.g. Flash/Flex) whereas RMA will be more about the richness of the connectivity in its broadest sense. RIA also coming, but not so important (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 25. 25 Use Case - Web address book Fully networked, always up-to-date, shared address books Offline means that the address book can now be web-bound, but also instantly accessible without a connection UX - my address book is easy to maintain, always up to date (even if a friend changes his/ her number - I get the update). It shows dynamic data about my contacts, such as Facebook status, and can vector into other services, e.g. “creating social events” via Facebook In future, users will kill time by ‘surfing’ their address book. It won’t look like what it does today. It doesn’t exist in one place - it is a mash-up using microformats. The active address book is the quintessential Mobile 2.0 experience (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 26. 26 Use Case - Rich ‘Caller’ ID Calls/texts/emails always augmented by latest information from the user’s social networks (from the web address book) User can easily ‘bump into’ other stuff in real-time associated with their contacts (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 27. 27 Use Case - Rich ‘Social ID’ Rich caller ID in reverse: Web 2.0 experiences are augmented in real-time by social connectivity available via my mobile E.g. 1 - Direct association: read a blog article by Joe B and can click to call Joe B, text Joe B, or otherwise ‘connect’ with Joe B via any means possible via the enhanced address book E.g. 2 - Semantic association: read a blog about ‘acupuncture’ and immediately search for possible connections in my social network (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 28. 28 Implications Today Tomorrow Mobile Mobile Mobile Phone Phone Phone Network Network Network Web 2.0 Web Browser Browser 2.0 Browser Web 2.0 Media Player Media Player Media Player Other Other Other e.g. Camera e.g. Camera e.g. Camera Movement of real-time service logic and data away from the operator and towards the Web! Can this trend be extended up into the mobile network itself? This trend already underway with limited ‘network APIs’ (e.g. Betavine) (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 29. 29 Today: Silo mobile architecture... Rich IO Browser Messaging Comms Media (Sensors) Web Telco Telco OS OS bound bound bound bound bound
  • 30. 30 Future: Rich Mobile Applications Rich IO Messaging Comms Media (Sensors) API API API API Offline sync Browser “Always on” web Web 2.0 “Mobile OS” (e.g. Widgetization) API API Telco Telco OS OS
  • 31. 31 Mobile network trends... (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 32. 32 Operator trend - SIP/IMS Mobile networks migration to all-IP infrastructure, such as SIP-based IMS and XML/HTTP based XDMS (web standards, but not yet web- based - still behind a wall) In the network, SIP-based applications are easy to build, extend, mash- up and deploy: SIP servlets, SLEE etc. BUT - main technical hurdle has been IMS apps on devices and lack of universal client - no such thing as a “SIP browser” -- or is there? (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 33. 33 SIP ‘browser?’ Oh - it’s just a mobile web browser (or widgets) Using a native SIP ‘dispatcher,’ possible to use the browser UI as the front end for SIP apps? [Various integration points possible.] In conjunction with widgets, we have always-connected UX via browser IMS/SIP apps instantly mashable! IMS widgets the future? OR...we use XMPP to do the same thing (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 34. 34 Operator trend - Mobile TV Another possible key trend is emergence of Mobile TV networks (DVB-H) Interactivity is supported by mobile data, which is the possible mashing point Availability of media player and ESG should be exposed via Mobile AJAX ‘standard’ to allow Rich Mobile TV (RMTV) applications to be created. Possible new (and big) revenues stream from ‘because of’ effect - new genres of ‘social TV’ and ‘context TV’ will emerge. Also possible using MIDP bridge (e.g. JSR 272 Mobile Broadcast API) New breed of mobile TV mash-ups possible (including IPTV - I have designed them!) BUT, again, subject to willingness to make the TV ecosystem open. (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 35. 35 Other opportunity - Home Expose PnP and DLNA protocols to the web runtime Example is iPhone 2.0 “remote” application to control Apple TV and iTunes (via Bonjour) = mega-cool app! Use case: printing to PnP printers - “Do you want a copy of this picture (on my mobile)? Let me share it on your printer.” (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 36. 36 Challenges Battery life - persistent applications can be “chatty” Filtering - need way to control flow of real-time events and reactions on the handset - technological and design-pattern solutions required. Embedded platforms - not easy to enable concurrency on mobiles across multiple ‘run times’ (e.g. browser, native, MIDP, helper apps etc.) Solution is probably the new breed of integrated run-times, like Qtopia, Android etc. Persistent UX - not easy to allow users to interact frequently with concurrent web applications. Solution is better display technologies. Still a long way to go, including better use of 3D. Standards - potentially many ways to enable rich mobile applications from the browser. It is also an area of hot innovation, so need to ensure we don’t end up with lots of incompatible solutions. (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 37. Possible Mobile 3.0 tipping points (TP)... 37 TP = Rich Mobile Browsers? TP = Femtocells? Rich Mobile Apps Agile Sensor Access Proliferation TP = RFID? Smartphone Adoption Mobile 3.0? Cloud (“always on mobile web”) Computing TP = Android? App Social TP = Multi-network Stores Computing content vending? TP = iPhone? TP = Social APIs? All of these technologies have already landed! Mobile 3.0 = when most of our digital services will become mobilized
  • 38. 38 Summary Mobile browser trends and Web 2.0 trends point towards a uniquely mobile browser evolution that caters for the other stuff that mobiles do, taking into account the real-time element of the mobile UX New ‘rich mobile applications’ (RMA) will emerge where richness of connectivity (or richness of context) is more important than the richness of UI that is the prevalent trend in desktop browser evolution towards RIA Other ‘background’ trends in the mobile networks (e.g. IMS, DVB-H) could play a part in the evolution. In fact, RMA is a good technological fit for easier service creation with these networks. Openness is a problem (for operators) but essential for proliferation of perpetual mobile connectedness. (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 39. 39 Conclusions RMA is possibly the defining pivot of the next generation of mobile applications (with or without IMS). It involves ultimately an ecosystem play because mashing of other phone functions with Web 2.0 only makes sense if there’s a useful Web 2.0 ecosystem (e.g. cloud computing) to support services In other words, players in the ‘RMA race’ need a technology/ecosystem strategy to win the mobile platform wars that will eventually reduce fragmentation. Most likely, there will be three winners in the consumer space and two in the enterprise space. I have my own ideas - you can guess who :) (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008
  • 40. 40 Thank you Paul Golding paul@wirelesswanders.com wirelesswanders.com Follow @pgolding (C) Copyright Paul Golding, 2008