2. INTRODUCTION
FLOWER ARRANGEMENT IS AN ORGANISATION OF DESIGN AND
COLOR TOWARDS CREATING AN AMBIENCE USING FLOWER,FOILAGE
AND OTHER FLORAL ACCESSORIES.
FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ARE MADE OUT OF FRESH CUT
FLOWERS,DRIED FLOWERS AND ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS AS WELL.
3. Styles of flower arrangements:
Basically 2 styles of flower arrangements:
Western style or English style: Employing a ‘mass’
concept of arranging flowers in an even symmetry.
The Eastern or Japanese or Ikebana styles:
Which are based on specific rules and angles, using
less material.Emphasis is given on spiritual and
religious background and only few flowers are used.
4. Principles of design:
Design: It decides the structural pattern of the floral arrangement. It is
a visualized plan about the size and shape of the floral arrangement.
Balance: A balance arrangement has a focal point. Balance may be
symmetrical or asymmetrical.
Emphasis(Focal point):The central portion of the floral
arrangement from where the flowers and foliage of the arrangement
appear to be emerging is known as the focal point of the
arrangement.
Harmony and Unity: Blending of all the components is called
harmony.
Proportion: It refers to the size of parts of the design in relation to
each other.
Rhythm : Repetition of same object at equal distance.
5. Elements of Design
LINE: It is the visual path in arrangement. Line may be created by
repetition of similar flower colour , textures or shapes.
Form: Flower and foliage add a visual quality that is important in
developing harmony , creating rhythm , and establishing focal point.
Texture: It refers to the surface qualities of the plant materials. Bold
texture creates focal point.
Colour : Colour combination should be pleasing.
Primary colours: Yellow , Red and Blue.
Secondary colours: Orange , Green and Violet.
6. Types of arrangements:
Circular
Triangular
Radiating
Crescent
Hogarthian or S curve
Horizontal design
7. TYPES OF FLOWER ARRANGEMENT
Circular shape:
Arranging flower in
circular design adds a
pleasing element. It is
satisfying to the viewer's
eye. The circular or round
shape is loved by nature
since majority of flowers
lies in this shape. In fact,
its also easier to arrange
flowers in circular
fashion. These designs are
constructed in low round
containers or in basket
that holds water.
8. Triangular shape :
It is a most common
arrangement of flowers
used in personal and
professional functions.
Firstly, height and width
is fixed with flowers and
then focal point is
established. It is made in
the triangle shape and
looks very attractive. The
focal point flower will be
positioned immediately
9. Fan shape or
Radiating :
General outline of the
radiating is like fan. It is
a low arrangement and
it does not interfere with
conversation across the
table. It is a fan or a
horizontal in shape
generally placed in the
restaurant either in
10. Crescent Design: The
crescent design has a
naturally free flowering
outline which has a
formal appeal. The
crescent design is
constructed in half moon
shape having a height at
the left side being two-
third the length of the
entire line of
arrangement.
11. Hogarth or 'S'
shape:
This is very graceful
style of arrangement. It is
easier to make when
curved branches are
used. Once 'S' shape is
made, flowers are filled
at the center.
12. Western style arrangement
Western style is characterized by the mass of flowers and
foliage arranged in various format.
It is balanced formal style which may be for front viewing or to
be viewed from all sides.
13. Japanese flower arrangement:Ikebana
•The first school, ‘Ikebana’ is called as ‘Ikenobo’ meaning it
is the arrangement of flowers of the hermitage along a
pond.
• It was started by Buddhist monk Semmu around
621 A.D
•Earlier flower offerings were in the form of standing
arrangements, which were tall in nature and called as
‘Tatebana’.
•‘Sogestsu’ is a Japanese flower arrangement which does not
follow rigid rules of offering flowers to Lord Buddha and
flower arrangers can use their imagination after following
basic traditional lines of Ikebana.
14. Different types of Ikebana
Moribana
Nageire
Jiyubana
Zeneika
Zneibana
Morimono
15. Moribana
‘Moribana’ means piled flowers, in which
arrangements are made in shallow containers.
The flowers and branches are supported with the help
of pin holders, which are known as ‘Kensan’ in
Japanese language.
This arrangement looks very natural and is often called
as natural ‘Ikebana’
16. Nageire
‘Nageire’ means thrown in and flowers are arranged in
upright containers.
Flowers must have sufficient stem length and these are
supported with the help of cross bar fixture, which
may be single or split types.
17. Juyubana
‘Juyubana’ means free flowers, which can be arranged
both in ‘Moribana’ or ‘Nageire’ styles of ‘Ikebana’.
Wood, metal or any other material may be used in
addition to flowers.
19. Zeneibana
In this style a beautiful sculpture is created using
wood, stone, rocks, metal depicting any natural
scenery.
20. Morimono
In this style fruits, vegetables and flowers are arranged
and this style looks like ‘English flower Arrangement’.
21. The Flower Containers
Urns
Baskets
Glass vases
Ceramic vases
Grapevine wreath
Metal containers
Trays
Boxes
Foams
Terra cotta pots
22. CARE OF FLOWER
ARRANGEMENTS
Spray lukewarm water to keep the flower fresh.
Change the water and vase solution timely.
Use clean containers.
Never expose arrangement to direct sunlight.
Add sugar ,8HQC, biocide ,ethylene inhibiting chemicals etc.to enhance the vase
life.
Trim the dried leaves and flowers.
