2. Industrial conflict
When different groups (unions,
management, and workers) different
orientations and perceptions of their
interests, conflict occurs.
At organizational level, it occurs due to
The interactions of union leaders and
management, union leaders and
workers, and unions and workers and
management.
These groups manifest their conflict in
many forms.
3. 1.Manifestation of Conflict of industrial
conflict
Union management conflict-
Unions- Non cooperation, arguments, hostility, stresses and
tensions, unwilling ness to negotiate, absenteeism, work to rule,
demonstration, morcha, dharma
Management- Unwillingness to negotiate, termination, demotion,
layoffs, lockouts
Management workers conflict-
Workers-Unorganized withholding of efforts, intentional waste
and inefficiency, labour turnover, instances of breaking of rules,
strikes
Management- Autocratic supervision, overstrict discipline,
penalties, unnecessary firing, , demotion, layoffs, lockouts
4. Sources of industrial conflict
share of revenue
relative share of wages and salaries
changes in staffing levels
welfare of employees
technological change
change in work methods/duties
change in work location
5. 2.Causes of industrial conflict
Economic – Wages, bonus, overtime payment etc.
Political- political instability, political affiliation of
unions
Technological – Change, adaptation, resistance,
fear of unemployment
Psychological- interpersonal conflict, motivation and
attitudinal problems
change in work methods/duties
change in work location
6. 3 critical causes of industrial conflict
Hyman (1989)
income distribution
job security
managerial control
7. Strikes and Lockouts
public
newsworthy
“Strikes are a withdrawal from work by a
group of employees or a refusal by an
employer or a number of employers to
permit some or all of their employees to
work.”
8. 3. Measures of industrial conflict
Non statutory- Code of discipline, tripartite
machinery, workers participation in management,
collective bargaining schemes
Government Machinery- Labour administration at
state and central level
Statutory- ID act- Works committee, conciliation,
voluntary arbitration and adjudication( labour courts,
industrial tribunal, and national tribunal)
9. Code of Discipline, 1958
Self imposed obligations formulated by
employees and workers voluntarily
Provide guidelines to settle disputes utilising
existing machinery
Workers and employers should recognize
their responsibility and rights
10. Tripartite machinery
It consists of Indian labour conference,
standing labour committee, and the industrial
committee at the centre
Similar bodies at the state level like national
council on training in vocational trade and
central committee on employment
11. Labour Administration Machinery
Directorate general of employment and
training
Office of the chief labour commissioner
The director general of mines safety
The directorate general of factory advise
service and labour institutes
Central labour ministry-Industrial tribunals,
committees of enquiry, ESI Corporation,
CBWE, Wage boards, commissions