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K.PRIYADARSHINI
Msc – IT
2010242015
 The process of examining your possibilities
options, comparing them, and choosing a
course of action.
 Process of making a conscious choice between
2 or more alternatives producing most
desirable consequences (benefits) relative to
unwanted consequences (costs).
 Structured : Simple, routine decisions where
rules can be applied in straight forward way.
 Unstructured : More Complex and often
require degree of creativity.
 Example : Structured-Which Chocolate to
buy with the given money that we have?
 Example : Unstructured – Dealing with
Labour strike in an industry.
 Amount of Risk Involved in the decision.
 Uncertainty that is involved in the decision.
 Example : Risky – Entrepreneurs starting up
new business with their own finance (from
property sold)
 Example : Uncertainty –Investing in share
market for returns.
 Many a time we have to use out intuition to
take decisions. But there can be some mental
blocks:
 Heuristics (rules of thumb) can be useful until:
 Faulty Heuristic : based on info on hand so it
can be misleading.
 Based on stereotype decision, eg:believing
that somebody is worthless just because of
not getting good marks.
 Escalation of Commitment : Once you
decided on something you tend not to
change it even when there is a proof that it is
wrong.
 Information Overload : you have so much of
info on hand that you will not be able to
decide anything.
 Decisions made by a
team is more accepted
that those imposed.
 Complex problem
solving is easy in a
group.
 Brainstorming may be
done.
 Time consuming.
 Conflicts can stir up.
 Decisions influenced by dominating people in
group.
 People tend to modify their personal
judgement just to conform to group norms.
 Sometimes people take decisions that are
more risky in groups than as individuals.This
is known as risky shift.
 Problem is presented to experts.
 Cooperation of a number of experts.
 Experts record their recommendations.
 These recommendations are collated and
reproduced.
 Responses are re-circulated.
 Experts comment on the ideas of others and
may change their recommendations.
 If the leader detects an agreement that is arrived
generically then the process is stopped.
 Group members are aware of activities of
others that contribute to overall group
success.
 ‘Collective Mind’ comes from:
 Shared understanding
 Familiarity
 Good communication.
 Applications : Egoless programming, Chief
Programmer teams and Scrum.
 Programmers become over protective of their
coded modules and do not share them.
 GeraldWeinberg introduced the concept of ‘peer
code reviews’ which made the codes as a
common property.(egoless)
 Example: At apple differentVPs had differences
between them. But Steve jobs made sure that
they ditched their differences because
innovative products can not be made withVPs
who do not cooperate with each other.
 Larger the development team
Lesser is the work done due to
Interaction.
 Brooks suggestion : reduce
Team size and improve training
and productivity. Result was Chief ProgrammerTeam.
 The Chief Programmer defines the specification,
designs, codes, tests and documents the software.
 Co- Pilot for assistance
 Editor for documentation
 Program Clerk to maintain actual code
 Tester for testing the code
 Example :The Director of a film defines the
role to be done by the hero in the movie.
 Extreme Programming promotes ‘Collective
Mind’.
 Refactors (rewrites) the code according to
current standard to make the code clearly
convey the system.
 Example:Windows Update.
 The name comes from Rugby scrums where
team members push to achieve the goal.
 Scrum is an iterative and incrementalAgile
software development framework for
managing software projects and product or
application development.
 A process that focuses on delivering the
highest business value in the shortest time.
 A short period of time during which specific
work has to be completed.(1 to 4 weeks)
 Sprints are carried out by groups with 7 to
10 developers.
 Progress of sprints is marked by small
meetings each day.
 Example of Scrum: Swift Dzire car was
manufactured soon after the release of Swift
due to space constraint reasons reported by
customers.
Decision making in software project management
Decision making in software project management

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Decision making in software project management

  • 2.  The process of examining your possibilities options, comparing them, and choosing a course of action.  Process of making a conscious choice between 2 or more alternatives producing most desirable consequences (benefits) relative to unwanted consequences (costs).
  • 3.  Structured : Simple, routine decisions where rules can be applied in straight forward way.  Unstructured : More Complex and often require degree of creativity.  Example : Structured-Which Chocolate to buy with the given money that we have?  Example : Unstructured – Dealing with Labour strike in an industry.
  • 4.  Amount of Risk Involved in the decision.  Uncertainty that is involved in the decision.  Example : Risky – Entrepreneurs starting up new business with their own finance (from property sold)  Example : Uncertainty –Investing in share market for returns.
  • 5.  Many a time we have to use out intuition to take decisions. But there can be some mental blocks:  Heuristics (rules of thumb) can be useful until:  Faulty Heuristic : based on info on hand so it can be misleading.  Based on stereotype decision, eg:believing that somebody is worthless just because of not getting good marks.
  • 6.  Escalation of Commitment : Once you decided on something you tend not to change it even when there is a proof that it is wrong.  Information Overload : you have so much of info on hand that you will not be able to decide anything.
  • 7.  Decisions made by a team is more accepted that those imposed.  Complex problem solving is easy in a group.  Brainstorming may be done.
  • 8.  Time consuming.  Conflicts can stir up.  Decisions influenced by dominating people in group.  People tend to modify their personal judgement just to conform to group norms.  Sometimes people take decisions that are more risky in groups than as individuals.This is known as risky shift.
  • 9.  Problem is presented to experts.  Cooperation of a number of experts.  Experts record their recommendations.  These recommendations are collated and reproduced.  Responses are re-circulated.  Experts comment on the ideas of others and may change their recommendations.  If the leader detects an agreement that is arrived generically then the process is stopped.
  • 10.  Group members are aware of activities of others that contribute to overall group success.  ‘Collective Mind’ comes from:  Shared understanding  Familiarity  Good communication.  Applications : Egoless programming, Chief Programmer teams and Scrum.
  • 11.  Programmers become over protective of their coded modules and do not share them.  GeraldWeinberg introduced the concept of ‘peer code reviews’ which made the codes as a common property.(egoless)  Example: At apple differentVPs had differences between them. But Steve jobs made sure that they ditched their differences because innovative products can not be made withVPs who do not cooperate with each other.
  • 12.  Larger the development team Lesser is the work done due to Interaction.  Brooks suggestion : reduce Team size and improve training and productivity. Result was Chief ProgrammerTeam.  The Chief Programmer defines the specification, designs, codes, tests and documents the software.  Co- Pilot for assistance  Editor for documentation
  • 13.  Program Clerk to maintain actual code  Tester for testing the code  Example :The Director of a film defines the role to be done by the hero in the movie.
  • 14.  Extreme Programming promotes ‘Collective Mind’.  Refactors (rewrites) the code according to current standard to make the code clearly convey the system.  Example:Windows Update.
  • 15.  The name comes from Rugby scrums where team members push to achieve the goal.  Scrum is an iterative and incrementalAgile software development framework for managing software projects and product or application development.  A process that focuses on delivering the highest business value in the shortest time.
  • 16.  A short period of time during which specific work has to be completed.(1 to 4 weeks)  Sprints are carried out by groups with 7 to 10 developers.  Progress of sprints is marked by small meetings each day.  Example of Scrum: Swift Dzire car was manufactured soon after the release of Swift due to space constraint reasons reported by customers.