ÉTICA, NATURALEZA Y SOCIEDADES_3RO_3ER TRIMESTRE.pdf
Instroduccion a osha 2010
1. Introducción a OSHA 29 CFR 1910 Normas para la Industria en General
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3. Ley de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional 1970 Propósito… “ .. asegurar hasta donde sea posible que las condiciones de trabajo sean seguras y saludables para cada hombre y mujer trabajador en el país y para preservar nuestros recursos humanos.”
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11. La página de los Trabajadores de OSHA http://www.osha.gov/as/opa/worker/index.html
This material was translated under Susan B. Harwood grant number 46F1-HT18 awarded to the Texas Engineering Extension Service, OSHA Training Institute Southwest Education Center from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Este material fue traducido bajo número 46F1-HT18 de la concesión de Susan B. Harwood concedido a Texas Engineering Extension Service, OSHA Training Institute Southwest Education Center del Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. No refleja necesariamente las vistas o las políticas del U.S. Department of Labor, ni menciona los nombres comerciales, productos comerciales, o las organizaciones implican el endoso por el gobierno de Estados Unidos. This presentation is designed to assist trainers conducting OSHA 10-hour Construction Industry outreach training for workers. Since workers are the target audience, this presentation emphasizes hazard identification, avoidance, and control – not standards. No attempt has been made to treat the topic exhaustively. It is essential that trainers tailor their presentations to the needs and understanding of their audience. This presentation is not a substitute for any of the provisions of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 or for any standards issued by the U.S. Department of Labor. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Labor.
State plans are OSHA-approved job safety and health programs operated by individual states instead of by federal OSHA. State plans must provide standards and enforcement programs, as well as voluntary compliance activities, that are “at least as effective as” the federal OSHA program. States with approved plans cover most private sector employees as well as state and local government workers in the state. Twenty-six states operate state plans. For more information on state plans, visit OSHA’s web site (www.osha.gov). Also not covered by OSHA: - Employees whose working conditions are regulated by other federal agencies. These include mine workers, certain truckers and rail workers, and atomic energy workers - Public employees in state and local governments (except for states with approved plans) These include fire fighters, police, and other public servants.
OSHA Worker's web page: www.osha.gov/as/opa/worker/index.html
OSHA’s Workers’ web page: www.osha.gov/as/opa/worker/index.html Includes: - How to file a complaint - Rights and responsibilities - OSHA resources
OSHA maintains confidentiality of employers’ trade secrets. Both employers and employees may submit information or comments to OSHA on the issuance, modification, or revocation of OSHA standards and request a public hearing For more information, consult OSHA publications -- No. 2056, All About OSHA and -- No. 3000, Employers Rights and Responsibilities Following An OSHA Inspection .
General Duty Clause... Each employer "shall furnish . . . a place of employment which is free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees."
OSHA standards cover: - General Industry - Construction - Maritime - Some agricultural activities
Inspection Priorities: - Imminent Danger (any condition where there is a reasonable certainty that a danger exists that can be expected to cause death or serious physical harm immediately, or before the danger can be eliminated through normal enforcement procedures) - Fatalities and Catastrophes (resulting in hospitalization of 3 or more employees) - Employee Complaints/Referrals - Programmed High-Hazard Inspections - Follow-ups to previous inspections
See: www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/construction_ecat/index.html Effective October 1, 1994, all construction inspections shall have opening conferences consistent with current agency procedures, and then shall proceed as follows: During all inspections, CSHO's shall determine whether or not there is project coordination by the general contractor, prime contractor, or other such entity that includes: an adequate safety and health program/plan that meets the guidelines set forth below, and a designated competent person responsible for and capable of implementing the program/plan. If the above general contractor, prime contractor, or other such entity meets both of these criteria, then a focused inspection shall be made. When either of these criteria is not met, then the inspection shall proceed in accordance with previously established procedures for comprehensive inspections as stated in CPL 2.103, September 26, 1994, Field Inspection Reference Manual (FIRM), chapter II section A.1.b. The leading hazards are: falls, (e.g., floors, platforms, roofs) struck by, (e.g., falling objects, vehicles) caught in/between (e.g., cave-ins, unguarded machinery, equipment) electrical (e.g., overhead power lines, power tools and cords, outlets, temporary wiring)
Selecting Employee Representatives If . . . Then . . . employees are represented by a the union will designate the employee recognized bargaining representative, representative to accompany the CSHO. there is a site safety committee and the employee committee members or the no recognized bargaining representative, employees at large will designate the employee representative. there is neither a recognized bargaining the employees themselves may select their representative nor a plant safety representative, or the CSHO will determine committee, if any other employees would suitably represent the interests of employees. there is no authorized employee the CSHO must consult with a reasonable representative number of employees concerning S&H matters in the workplace. Such consultations may be held privately.
- After CSHO reports findings, the area director determines what citations, if any, will be issued, and what penalties, if any, will be proposed. - Citations and notices of proposed penalties are sent to employers by certified mail.
Recordkeeping regulations are contained in 29 CFR Part 1904. Some low-hazard employers (for example, retail trade, finance, insurance, real estate) are not required to keep records. While the 1904 regulation exempts many employers from keeping records at all times, these employers are not exempted from all of the 1904 requirements. Employers that are partially exempt from the recordkeeping requirements because of their size (10 or less employees) or industry must continue to comply with: 1904.39, Reporting fatalities and multiple hospitalization incident 1904.41, Annual OSHA injury and illness survey (if specifically requested to do so by OSHA) 1904.42, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Annual Survey (if specifically requested to do so by BLS)
Must be maintained for 5 years at the establishment and be available for inspection by OSHA, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and BLS. Logs must be updated to reflect any changes that occur. Maintain and post the Log in your workplace. Do not send any recordkeeping forms to OSHA or any other agency unless you are asked to do so. When conducting its annual survey, the BLS may send you a form in the mail, which must be completed and returned to them. OSHA Recordkeeping Forms OSHA 300 Log OSHA 300A Summary OSHA 301 Incident Report
OSHA Office of State Programs Approves and monitors State job safety and health programs as provided for by Section 18 of the OSH Act. Voluntary Protection Programs The Voluntary Protection Programs (VPP) are designed to recognize and promote effective safety and health management. In the VPP, management, labor, and OSHA establish a cooperative relationship at a workplace that has implemented a strong program.
GPO Information: Phone: (202) 512-1800 Web site: www.osha.gov/oshpubs/gpopubs.html
For further information: www.osha-slc.gov/html/consultation.html
Imminent danger is any condition where there is reasonable certainty a danger exists that can be expected to cause death or serious physical harm immediately or before the danger can be eliminated through normal enforcement procedures. OSHA gives top priority to imminent danger situations. When a call is made to the hot line number, it is important to give as much information as is known about the emergency, including: Complete description of the hazard Name and location of the establishment Duration of the hazard (Is it still going on? When will it end?) Type of operation Contact phone number (company or personal) See Fact Sheet No. OSHA 95-44
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