SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 41
Dreaming
Andrea Provaglio
@andreaprovaglio
From “Mercy Street”by Peter Gabriel
Looking down on empty streets
all she can see
are the dreams all made solid
are the dreams made real.
All of the buildings
all of the cars
were once just a dream
in somebody’s head.
Dreams move People
Dreaming is not
fantasizing
Dreaming is not
planning
In our post-industrial culture, many projects
struggle or fail for the lack of Dream
An Organizational Model
Dream
Order Action
Intent, Vision, Mission ...
Roles, Functions,
Protocols, Procedures,
Processes ...
Production, Skills ...
Original model by ONE Consulenza Evolutiva - http: //oneweb.biz
And Its Counterpart
Needs
Disorder Reaction
Original model by ONE Consulenza Evolutiva - http: //oneweb.biz
An Energetic Start-up Company
Dream
Order Action
A Large, Highly Structured Company
Dream
Order Action
Dreaming in Agile
Artifacts, Roles, Ceremonies
Envisioning,
Product Backlog Items
Roles,
Ceremonies,
Planning
Production,
Iteration Backlog Items
Splitting Your Dream Into Dreambits
Stories.
Max size is limited.
Scope
Detail
Product Backlog
Acknowledging Your Needs
Defect fixes;
technical needs.
Scope
Detail
Product Backlog
Dreambits/Needs Ratio Is An Interesting Indicator
Scope
Detail
Product Backlog
/
Dreams Made Solid
Actionability Threshold
Action Items
Dreams Made Real
Acceptance Tests
verify that your dreambits
became real.
Dream, Order, Action in Agile
Envisioning,
Product Backlog Items
Roles,
Ceremonies,
Planning
Production,
Iteration Backlog Items
Dreambits Reality
Action Items
Dream
Order Action
Where's Your Dream In Kanban?
[ ———— Workflow ———— ]Backlog (opt.)
Keep an eye on these
Creating The Dream
A Few Facts About The Walt Disney Company
World largest media
conglomerate for revenue
US$ 5,682 BLN
net profit in 2012
166,000 employees Cable TV, publishing,
movies, theme parks,
broadcasting, radio, web
portals
The Walt Disney Creative Process
The Creative Room
The Realist Room
The Critic Room
Dreamer
"Want to"
Vision
Long-termFuture
All things are
possible
Realist
"How to"
Action
Short-termPresent
I sort things out
Critic
"Chance to"
Logic
Long/Short TermPast / Future
I pick up the bits
that don't fit
A structured, collective
walk-through that aligns
diverse human faculties
in the team
Sharing The Dream
Some people transfer
their Dream just for
what they are.
Sometimes, we
need to learn how to
do that.
Leadership Levels And Dreams
Meta
Macro
Micro
Vision
Strategy
Environment
Aligning Dreams With Agile Cycles
Meta
Macro
Micro
Strategy Cycle
Release Cycle
Iteration Cycle
Dreamkeeper(s)
Impact Maps Can Also Help
Why
Who/How
What
Let's Wrap It Up
Dreaming (intent, vision) is an
essential and energizing
element of organizational
systems (teams and
companies)
Turning Dream(bit)s into
reality, through Order
and Action, maps well to
Agile&Lean development
In general, it works better
when the Dream is shared
and the organizational
levels are aligned
Tip 1
Run a retrospective on your product
backlog and assess its Dream/Need ratio.
Is the outcome what you wanted? What
you expected?
If not, which concrete actions can you take
to improve it?
Tip 2
If you are in a leading role, is the vision
driving your current project clear to the
entire team?
Are they aligned to it?
What do you actively do to share this
vision?
Tip 3
In your Agile/Lean practices, how much
time is spent on creating a shared vision?
Is there someone in the team who people
tend to listen to more attentively?
Is this person well aware of the project’s
vision?
Thank You!
Click here to connect!
http://andreaprovaglio.com
Andrea Provaglio
Original Dream-Order-Action Model
- ONE Consulenza Evolutiva - http:// oneweb.biz
Online References
- Gojko Adzic - http:// impactmapping.org
- Tim O’Reilly - http:// www.linkedin.com/today/post/article/20121119193311-16553-linking-mission-to-strategy-and-action
- Simon Sinek - http:// www.ted.com/talks/simon_sinek_how_great_leaders_inspire_action.html
- http://www.wiredportfolio.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/DisneyPaper.pdf
Publications
- Dilts, Robert - Strategies of Genius. ISBN: 091699032X
- Dilts, Robert - Visionary Leadership Skills. ISBN: 0916990389
- Senge, Peter - The Fifth Discipline. ISBN: 0385517254 (part on building a shared vision)
Music Excerpt and Text
- “Mercy Street” by Peter Gabriel, from the album “New Blood”
Images
- Water Stream
http://www.wallpaperup.com/uploads/wallpapers/2012/12/13/24577/04af05bc72fbf5186fca4c76dc03b3e0.jpg
- Lone Robot
http://dangerouslee.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/robot20alone.jpg
- Task Board
http://borisgloger.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/img007.jpg
- Walt Disney
http://www.biography.com/people/walt-disney-9275533/videos/walt-disney-mini-biography-36926237
- Mahatma Gandhi
http://desipedia.desibantu.com/files/2010/03/Mahatma-Gandhi.jpg
- Film Reels
http://realtalkies.wordpress.com/2010/08/27/salim-babas-cinema-cart/
Sources and Materials

More Related Content

What's hot

Transforming Organizations to Better Leverage Analytics
Transforming Organizations to Better Leverage Analytics Transforming Organizations to Better Leverage Analytics
Transforming Organizations to Better Leverage Analytics
Atif Shaikh
 
Empowering Agile Self-Organized Teams With Design Thinking
Empowering Agile Self-Organized Teams With Design ThinkingEmpowering Agile Self-Organized Teams With Design Thinking
Empowering Agile Self-Organized Teams With Design Thinking
William Evans
 

What's hot (16)

Productivity and proactivity
Productivity and proactivityProductivity and proactivity
Productivity and proactivity
 
Larissa
Larissa  Larissa
Larissa
 
Transforming Organizations to Better Leverage Analytics
Transforming Organizations to Better Leverage Analytics Transforming Organizations to Better Leverage Analytics
Transforming Organizations to Better Leverage Analytics
 
Empowering Agile Self-Organized Teams With Design Thinking
Empowering Agile Self-Organized Teams With Design ThinkingEmpowering Agile Self-Organized Teams With Design Thinking
Empowering Agile Self-Organized Teams With Design Thinking
 
Intersection18: When a Framework Meets a Roadmap, New Vistas Open - Curtis Mi...
Intersection18: When a Framework Meets a Roadmap, New Vistas Open - Curtis Mi...Intersection18: When a Framework Meets a Roadmap, New Vistas Open - Curtis Mi...
Intersection18: When a Framework Meets a Roadmap, New Vistas Open - Curtis Mi...
 
[9Lenses + CSC] – Transforming the Way you Discover Organizational Insights
[9Lenses + CSC] – Transforming the Way you Discover Organizational Insights[9Lenses + CSC] – Transforming the Way you Discover Organizational Insights
[9Lenses + CSC] – Transforming the Way you Discover Organizational Insights
 
When Everyone Talks At Once, But Leaders Still Know What To Do
When Everyone Talks At Once, But Leaders Still Know What To DoWhen Everyone Talks At Once, But Leaders Still Know What To Do
When Everyone Talks At Once, But Leaders Still Know What To Do
 
Agile Tour DC Chasing Windmills: Agile in the Government
Agile Tour DC Chasing Windmills: Agile in the GovernmentAgile Tour DC Chasing Windmills: Agile in the Government
Agile Tour DC Chasing Windmills: Agile in the Government
 
6 Questions to Ask Before Implementing Change in Organizations
6 Questions to Ask Before Implementing Change in Organizations6 Questions to Ask Before Implementing Change in Organizations
6 Questions to Ask Before Implementing Change in Organizations
 
Creative, Innovative, Entrepreneurial Mindsets
Creative, Innovative, Entrepreneurial MindsetsCreative, Innovative, Entrepreneurial Mindsets
Creative, Innovative, Entrepreneurial Mindsets
 
Product Management. Visioning, segmentation, and positioning
Product Management. Visioning, segmentation, and positioningProduct Management. Visioning, segmentation, and positioning
Product Management. Visioning, segmentation, and positioning
 
5 Pillars of Innovation
5 Pillars of Innovation5 Pillars of Innovation
5 Pillars of Innovation
 
Lean Kanban India 2019 Conference | Enabling Business Agility through a simp...
 Lean Kanban India 2019 Conference | Enabling Business Agility through a simp... Lean Kanban India 2019 Conference | Enabling Business Agility through a simp...
Lean Kanban India 2019 Conference | Enabling Business Agility through a simp...
 
Introduction to Innovation
Introduction to InnovationIntroduction to Innovation
Introduction to Innovation
 
Jesse Fewell: Developing Agile Leadership - Daily Practices for Becoming a Mo...
Jesse Fewell: Developing Agile Leadership - Daily Practices for Becoming a Mo...Jesse Fewell: Developing Agile Leadership - Daily Practices for Becoming a Mo...
Jesse Fewell: Developing Agile Leadership - Daily Practices for Becoming a Mo...
 
Distributed Design Operations Management (Jilanna Wilson at DesignOps Summit ...
Distributed Design Operations Management (Jilanna Wilson at DesignOps Summit ...Distributed Design Operations Management (Jilanna Wilson at DesignOps Summit ...
Distributed Design Operations Management (Jilanna Wilson at DesignOps Summit ...
 

Viewers also liked

AGILEEE 2013: Mattias Skarin "Visualization — what's my brain got to do with ...
AGILEEE 2013: Mattias Skarin "Visualization — what's my brain got to do with ...AGILEEE 2013: Mattias Skarin "Visualization — what's my brain got to do with ...
AGILEEE 2013: Mattias Skarin "Visualization — what's my brain got to do with ...
SCRUMguides
 
Agileee 2013: Aleksey Kolupaev "Как не сломать стартап"
Agileee 2013: Aleksey Kolupaev "Как не сломать стартап"Agileee 2013: Aleksey Kolupaev "Как не сломать стартап"
Agileee 2013: Aleksey Kolupaev "Как не сломать стартап"
SCRUMguides
 
Agileee 2013: Vadim Izdebskiy Yuriy Malishenko "Agile Transformation for Ente...
Agileee 2013: Vadim Izdebskiy Yuriy Malishenko "Agile Transformation for Ente...Agileee 2013: Vadim Izdebskiy Yuriy Malishenko "Agile Transformation for Ente...
Agileee 2013: Vadim Izdebskiy Yuriy Malishenko "Agile Transformation for Ente...
SCRUMguides
 
Agileee 2013: Karl Scotland "Kanban isn't it just common sense"
Agileee 2013: Karl Scotland "Kanban   isn't it just common sense"Agileee 2013: Karl Scotland "Kanban   isn't it just common sense"
Agileee 2013: Karl Scotland "Kanban isn't it just common sense"
SCRUMguides
 
"WTF is LRM, YAGNI, JIT?“ или вы не знаете основные Agile-принципы
"WTF is LRM, YAGNI, JIT?“ или вы не знаете основные Agile-принципы"WTF is LRM, YAGNI, JIT?“ или вы не знаете основные Agile-принципы
"WTF is LRM, YAGNI, JIT?“ или вы не знаете основные Agile-принципы
Timofey (Tim) Yevgrashyn
 
Agileee 2013: Andrii Dzynia "How To Manage Testing in Agile World"
Agileee 2013: Andrii Dzynia "How To Manage Testing in Agile World"Agileee 2013: Andrii Dzynia "How To Manage Testing in Agile World"
Agileee 2013: Andrii Dzynia "How To Manage Testing in Agile World"
SCRUMguides
 

Viewers also liked (9)

AGILEEE 2013: Mattias Skarin "Visualization — what's my brain got to do with ...
AGILEEE 2013: Mattias Skarin "Visualization — what's my brain got to do with ...AGILEEE 2013: Mattias Skarin "Visualization — what's my brain got to do with ...
AGILEEE 2013: Mattias Skarin "Visualization — what's my brain got to do with ...
 
Agileee 2013: Aleksey Kolupaev "Как не сломать стартап"
Agileee 2013: Aleksey Kolupaev "Как не сломать стартап"Agileee 2013: Aleksey Kolupaev "Как не сломать стартап"
Agileee 2013: Aleksey Kolupaev "Как не сломать стартап"
 
Agile is the New Black
Agile is the New BlackAgile is the New Black
Agile is the New Black
 
Agileee 2013: Vadim Izdebskiy Yuriy Malishenko "Agile Transformation for Ente...
Agileee 2013: Vadim Izdebskiy Yuriy Malishenko "Agile Transformation for Ente...Agileee 2013: Vadim Izdebskiy Yuriy Malishenko "Agile Transformation for Ente...
Agileee 2013: Vadim Izdebskiy Yuriy Malishenko "Agile Transformation for Ente...
 
Agileee 2013: Karl Scotland "Kanban isn't it just common sense"
Agileee 2013: Karl Scotland "Kanban   isn't it just common sense"Agileee 2013: Karl Scotland "Kanban   isn't it just common sense"
Agileee 2013: Karl Scotland "Kanban isn't it just common sense"
 
Data visualization - see things differently. Natalie Yadrentseva
Data visualization - see things differently. Natalie YadrentsevaData visualization - see things differently. Natalie Yadrentseva
Data visualization - see things differently. Natalie Yadrentseva
 
"WTF is LRM, YAGNI, JIT?“ или вы не знаете основные Agile-принципы
"WTF is LRM, YAGNI, JIT?“ или вы не знаете основные Agile-принципы"WTF is LRM, YAGNI, JIT?“ или вы не знаете основные Agile-принципы
"WTF is LRM, YAGNI, JIT?“ или вы не знаете основные Agile-принципы
 
Agileee 2013: Andrii Dzynia "How To Manage Testing in Agile World"
Agileee 2013: Andrii Dzynia "How To Manage Testing in Agile World"Agileee 2013: Andrii Dzynia "How To Manage Testing in Agile World"
Agileee 2013: Andrii Dzynia "How To Manage Testing in Agile World"
 
Thought Citizen
Thought CitizenThought Citizen
Thought Citizen
 

Similar to Dreaming

Product Design Strategy UXLX 2018 (Public Version)
Product Design Strategy UXLX 2018 (Public Version)Product Design Strategy UXLX 2018 (Public Version)
Product Design Strategy UXLX 2018 (Public Version)
fresh tilled soil
 
Usability in Virtual Worlds (Metaverse08)
Usability in Virtual Worlds (Metaverse08)Usability in Virtual Worlds (Metaverse08)
Usability in Virtual Worlds (Metaverse08)
Markus Breuer
 
Facilitation_an-effective-approach-for-team-leaders
Facilitation_an-effective-approach-for-team-leadersFacilitation_an-effective-approach-for-team-leaders
Facilitation_an-effective-approach-for-team-leaders
Peter Pfeiffer
 
Social Media Strategy: 3 Easy Steps to Brainstorm Social Media into your busi...
Social Media Strategy: 3 Easy Steps to Brainstorm Social Media into your busi...Social Media Strategy: 3 Easy Steps to Brainstorm Social Media into your busi...
Social Media Strategy: 3 Easy Steps to Brainstorm Social Media into your busi...
Ben Johnson
 
Designing the mobile experience powerpoint
Designing the mobile experience powerpointDesigning the mobile experience powerpoint
Designing the mobile experience powerpoint
Daniel Downs
 

Similar to Dreaming (20)

Agile Marketing: Managing Marketing in a World of Constant Change
Agile Marketing: Managing Marketing in a World of Constant ChangeAgile Marketing: Managing Marketing in a World of Constant Change
Agile Marketing: Managing Marketing in a World of Constant Change
 
What Product Well Designed is?
What Product Well Designed is?What Product Well Designed is?
What Product Well Designed is?
 
Product Design Strategy UXLX 2018 (Public Version)
Product Design Strategy UXLX 2018 (Public Version)Product Design Strategy UXLX 2018 (Public Version)
Product Design Strategy UXLX 2018 (Public Version)
 
DevRelCon 2018 - Influence with Purpose How to Identify, Execute and Measure ...
DevRelCon 2018 - Influence with Purpose How to Identify, Execute and Measure ...DevRelCon 2018 - Influence with Purpose How to Identify, Execute and Measure ...
DevRelCon 2018 - Influence with Purpose How to Identify, Execute and Measure ...
 
The Mythical Man Moon
The Mythical Man MoonThe Mythical Man Moon
The Mythical Man Moon
 
Idea Machine
Idea MachineIdea Machine
Idea Machine
 
Usability in Virtual Worlds (Metaverse08)
Usability in Virtual Worlds (Metaverse08)Usability in Virtual Worlds (Metaverse08)
Usability in Virtual Worlds (Metaverse08)
 
Vision tool
Vision toolVision tool
Vision tool
 
Dark matterenergy m1
Dark matterenergy m1Dark matterenergy m1
Dark matterenergy m1
 
Project Management
Project ManagementProject Management
Project Management
 
Facilitation_an-effective-approach-for-team-leaders
Facilitation_an-effective-approach-for-team-leadersFacilitation_an-effective-approach-for-team-leaders
Facilitation_an-effective-approach-for-team-leaders
 
Leanconf 2014: the agony of lean startup by tristan kromer
Leanconf 2014: the agony of lean startup by tristan kromerLeanconf 2014: the agony of lean startup by tristan kromer
Leanconf 2014: the agony of lean startup by tristan kromer
 
Conscious cognitive mechanism
Conscious cognitive mechanismConscious cognitive mechanism
Conscious cognitive mechanism
 
Rhok 101 for change makers - with an agile flavour
Rhok 101 for change makers - with an agile flavourRhok 101 for change makers - with an agile flavour
Rhok 101 for change makers - with an agile flavour
 
Social Media Strategy: 3 Easy Steps to Brainstorm Social Media into your busi...
Social Media Strategy: 3 Easy Steps to Brainstorm Social Media into your busi...Social Media Strategy: 3 Easy Steps to Brainstorm Social Media into your busi...
Social Media Strategy: 3 Easy Steps to Brainstorm Social Media into your busi...
 
Culture of Innovation
Culture of InnovationCulture of Innovation
Culture of Innovation
 
EA Effectiveness: It’s not about how much you know but how you use it
EA Effectiveness: It’s not about how much you know but how you use it EA Effectiveness: It’s not about how much you know but how you use it
EA Effectiveness: It’s not about how much you know but how you use it
 
Mastering Agile: Achieve complete agility with Eijel
Mastering Agile: Achieve complete agility with EijelMastering Agile: Achieve complete agility with Eijel
Mastering Agile: Achieve complete agility with Eijel
 
Designing the mobile experience powerpoint
Designing the mobile experience powerpointDesigning the mobile experience powerpoint
Designing the mobile experience powerpoint
 
Radhika Dutt: How to innovate smarter and build world-changing products
Radhika Dutt: How to innovate smarter and build world-changing productsRadhika Dutt: How to innovate smarter and build world-changing products
Radhika Dutt: How to innovate smarter and build world-changing products
 

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Lundin Gold - Q1 2024 Conference Call Presentation (Revised)
Lundin Gold - Q1 2024 Conference Call Presentation (Revised)Lundin Gold - Q1 2024 Conference Call Presentation (Revised)
Lundin Gold - Q1 2024 Conference Call Presentation (Revised)
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business Potential
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business PotentialFalcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business Potential
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business Potential
 
Cracking the 'Career Pathing' Slideshare
Cracking the 'Career Pathing' SlideshareCracking the 'Career Pathing' Slideshare
Cracking the 'Career Pathing' Slideshare
 
TVB_The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_May 6th, 2024_ENVol. 006.pdf
TVB_The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_May 6th, 2024_ENVol. 006.pdfTVB_The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_May 6th, 2024_ENVol. 006.pdf
TVB_The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_May 6th, 2024_ENVol. 006.pdf
 
Over the Top (OTT) Market Size & Growth Outlook 2024-2030
Over the Top (OTT) Market Size & Growth Outlook 2024-2030Over the Top (OTT) Market Size & Growth Outlook 2024-2030
Over the Top (OTT) Market Size & Growth Outlook 2024-2030
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investorsFalcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
 
Pre Engineered Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptx
Pre Engineered  Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptxPre Engineered  Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptx
Pre Engineered Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptx
 
Escorts in Nungambakkam Phone 8250092165 Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service Enjoy Your...
Escorts in Nungambakkam Phone 8250092165 Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service Enjoy Your...Escorts in Nungambakkam Phone 8250092165 Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service Enjoy Your...
Escorts in Nungambakkam Phone 8250092165 Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service Enjoy Your...
 
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
 
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60% in 6 Months
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60%  in 6 MonthsSEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60%  in 6 Months
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60% in 6 Months
 
PHX May 2024 Corporate Presentation Final
PHX May 2024 Corporate Presentation FinalPHX May 2024 Corporate Presentation Final
PHX May 2024 Corporate Presentation Final
 
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDINGParadip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
 
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdf
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdfArti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdf
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdf
 
HomeRoots Pitch Deck | Investor Insights | April 2024
HomeRoots Pitch Deck | Investor Insights | April 2024HomeRoots Pitch Deck | Investor Insights | April 2024
HomeRoots Pitch Deck | Investor Insights | April 2024
 
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 UpdatedCannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
 
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Time
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All TimeCall 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Time
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Time
 
Power point presentation on enterprise performance management
Power point presentation on enterprise performance managementPower point presentation on enterprise performance management
Power point presentation on enterprise performance management
 
Getting Real with AI - Columbus DAW - May 2024 - Nick Woo from AlignAI
Getting Real with AI - Columbus DAW - May 2024 - Nick Woo from AlignAIGetting Real with AI - Columbus DAW - May 2024 - Nick Woo from AlignAI
Getting Real with AI - Columbus DAW - May 2024 - Nick Woo from AlignAI
 
Uneak White's Personal Brand Exploration Presentation
Uneak White's Personal Brand Exploration PresentationUneak White's Personal Brand Exploration Presentation
Uneak White's Personal Brand Exploration Presentation
 
Rice Manufacturers in India | Shree Krishna Exports
Rice Manufacturers in India | Shree Krishna ExportsRice Manufacturers in India | Shree Krishna Exports
Rice Manufacturers in India | Shree Krishna Exports
 

Dreaming