Saudi Arabia is the third largest country in the Middle East with a population of over 25 million people, including 5.5 million non-citizens primarily from South Asia and Egypt who provide cheap labor. Following an oil boom in the 1970s, Saudi Arabia recruited large numbers of foreign workers but often abused their rights by prohibiting unions, collective bargaining, or leaving employers without permission and subjecting some to forced labor and confinement. Human rights groups have criticized Saudi Arabia's treatment of foreign workers and called for reforms to protect worker rights and end abuses.

2.  Third largest country in the middle east
 Capital city: Riyadh
 Government: Islamic absolute monarchy
 Population size- 25.7 million
 5.5 million are non-citizen

3. Expatraite
Bangladesh, India and
Pakistan
Egypt, Sudan and the
Philippines
Indonesia
Sri Lanka
1.5m
900K
500K
350K

4. 1973 Oil Price Boom!
New Project

5.  Local workers were not meet the demand
 Asian workers are easier to control
 Cheaper
 Willing to work in bad condition

6.  Forced to sign contract that they could not understand
 formation of unions is prohibited
 strikes are forbidden
 no collective bargaining
 Cannot leave the country without employers permission

7. 300 women from India, Sri Lanka and the
Philippines worked 12-hour shifts, six days a
week and have to share the room with 13 other
women where the door was locked from the
outside.

8. “The abuses we found against foreign workers
demonstrate appalling flaws in the kingdom’s
criminal justice system as a whole”
Sarah Leah Whitson (executive director of Human Rights
Watch’s Middle East and North Africa Division)

9.  Article 8 – No one shall be required to perform forced or
compulsory labour.
 Article 10 – All person deprived of their liberty shall be treated
with humanity.
 Article 12 - The right to liberty and freedom of movement, and
freedom to leave the country
 Article 16 - The right to be recognised as a person before the
law
 Article 26- Everyone is equal before the law and has a right to
legal protection of the law without discrimination.

10.  Take immediate action to inform all foreign workers
in the kingdom of their rights under Saudi and
international law.
 Suspend implementation of death sentences for
Saudi citizens and foreigners, until it can be
determined independently that torture was not used
and confessions were not coerced.
 End immediately the forced confinement of workers,
impose substantial penalties on employers who
continue the practice, and provide fair and equal
compensation to the victims.
 Bring interior ministry practices into conformity with