RV 2014: HSR for Midsize Cities: TOD Lessons from Near and Far by Eri…

The proposed California High Speed Rail System is a project that could have a significant impact on Fresno and the entire San Joaquin Valley. This project would include 800 miles of tracks, connecting major population centers throughout California.

We see tremendous potential for the system to support sustainable communities, if it’s planned well.

A well-planned HSR system in CA could:
- significantly reduce per passenger transportation emissions across the State;
- encourage sustainable development patterns near stations and thereby protect ecologically sensitive and agricultural lands; and
- stimulate multimodal connectivity for communities.

In order to achieve all the benefits that such a system could offer, we recognize the need to site, design, construct and operate the system using environmentally preferable practices in order to protect California’s natural resources; and minimize air and water pollution, energy usage, and other environmental impacts.

US population density: 35 people / sq. km = 91 people / sq. mi
California: Area: 163,696 sq miles (423,970 km²), population 38 million (2012) = 232 people / sq. mi

Country data: World Bank: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST

France overall
Germany overall
The French and German HSR systems represent two very different models. France uses a “segregated” model, where trains run at very high-speeds along mostly dedicated track and make few stops in smaller cities. By contrast, Germany uses an “integrated” model, where trains often run on shared track, at slower average speeds, and make more stops in smaller cities. By focusing service on larger cities, the French high-speed rail system has exacerbated economic polarization between the larger and smaller communities. Meanwhile, the integrated German system has brought economic opportunities to a broad spectrum of cities, creating an equalizing effect. Understanding the advantages and drawbacks of each model can provide lessons for California’s HSR network.

US population density: 35 people / sq. km = 91 people / sq. mi
California: Area: 163,696 sq miles (423,970 km²), population 38 million (2012) = 232 people / sq. mi

Country data: World Bank: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST

In center of city, so close to most major destinations
Seamless connection between streetcars and intercity rail.

http://en.parkopedia.de/parking/erfurt/
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkehrsprojekt_Deutsche_Einheit_Nr._8

RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Do your HSR trains share track with conventional trains (intercity, commuter or regional)?
2. If yes, for the full corridor or only for some segments of it?
3. Does HSR serve the same overall routes as conventional trains?
4. Who owns the track infrastructure along the route?
5. If HSR uses shared tracks within metro areas, then:
a. Does HSR have priority?
b. What is the maximum speed in this metro area
c. Are there plans to upgrade the corridor in the future?
d. Do you encounter any challenges by having HSR and conventional rail share the same tracks?
e. Do you encounter more delays in the shared parts of the tracks?

TICKETING & HSR-SPECIFIC AMENITIES
6. Is ticketing service for HSR separate from regular rail ticketing (i.e. HSR ticketing booths are different or at different spaces of the station; integrated or separate website for booking)?
7. Does it cost more to ride HSR than conventional rail? Are there special conditions that apply to HSR tickets such as advance booking or higher reservation fees?
8. Do intercity HSR rail tickets allow passengers to ride urban public transportation at no additional cost?
9. Are combined travel packages (packages that combine both HSR and conventional rail trips) offered to HSR riders at discounted prices?
10. Do you use integrated fare media for high speed and other forms of intercity rail? For example, is there a single “mobility card” that passengers can use to access a range of transportation options? If so, which modes can be accessed with this single fare medium? (i.e. public transit, bike share, car share, bicycle parking, car parking, etc…)
11. Does HSR service offer special services that other rail services don’t (e.g. baggage services, boarding services, on-board meeting spaces, lockers)

STATION LAYOUT / MODAL INTEGRATION
12. Do HSR trains arrive on different platforms than other trains?
13. If platforms are separate, how far apart are HSR tracks from conventional rail? (How many minutes to walk?)
14. If platforms are separate, is this for technical or service-related reasons?
15. What are the primary modes of access to your HSR station?
A. Bus
B. Streetcar
C. Subway
D. Commuter rail
E. Taxi / Shuttle
F. Bike share
G. Car share
H. Rental car
I. Car

16. How far (how many minutes walk) are the HSR platforms from connecting services?
17. Have you developed a station access hierarchy for your station(s)?
18. Are bikes allowed on high-speed trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
19. Are bikes allowed on other trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
20. Are the HSR and the conventional tracks wheelchair accessible?
21. Do you offer specific services or programs to facilitate door-to-door access via high speed rail, and especially by non-auto modes?
22. Has your city/region made coordinated improvements to transit stations that have the goal of increasing use of transit as an access mode to ? the station
23. Do you offer any connections to activities that are traditionally associated with auto travel (i.e. activities such as visits to vineyards, farms, ski areas)?
24. Do you have a coordinated wayfinding and signage program for the station? Or are wayfinding and signage standards determined by another entity (such as the national railway, regional government)?

PARKING
25. Do you provide park-and-ride spaces for cars at your station(s)? How many?
26. Is there free parking at the station? If it is paid, how is the pricing structured?
27. Has your city/region developed a regional remote parking plan that provides incentives for park-and-ride passengers to park their cars in more peripheral locations, away from main HSR stations?
28. Have you developed policies for transitioning station sites away from car access and toward more sustainable modes (walking, cycling, transit)?
29. Do you use surface parking lots as interim land uses for land-banking purposes?

STATION DISTRICT
30. Is there an official definition of the ‘station area’ and if so, how is it defined?
31. In defining the station area, do you use a standard distance such as an 800-meter radius? Or do you instead consider the amount of time that it takes to access the station by various modes?
32. Is there a special station planning district in place?
33. What specific land uses are you seeking to attract within station areas??
34. Are transit-oriented development (TOD) plans/policies in place for HSR station areas?

AIRPORT CONNECTIONS AND HSR/ AIR COMPETITION
35. Is your main regional airport served by HSR?
36. If not, how is the airport connected to your HSR stations?
37. How would you characterize the relationship between HSRHSR and air travel? Are there coordinated policies in place to manage intercity travel demand by diverting trips below a certain distance away from airports and toward HSR?

GOVERNANCE
38. Who owns your HSR stations?
39. Who manages your stations?
40. Who is responsible for planning/maintaining the immediate station area (plaza)
41. Are there conflicts of interest between station management and rail service operations?
42. Are there cooperation / service agreements between the rail authorities, transit agencies, station management bodies, or municipalities that serve your station?
43. Please name the citywide/metropolitan entities that are involved in planning your HSR station? What agreements are in place between those entities and the bodies that manage the station and station area?

GENERAL EVALUATION
44. What would you say are the biggest challenges of station intermodality in terms of: (a) spatial; (b) infrastructural, and (c) operational needs?
45. From your experience, what recommendations do you have for achieving a seamless integration of the HSR service with other railway services and other travel modes?
46. If you are knowledgeable about the proposed California system, do you have specific recommendations with regard to station access?

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gare_d%27Aix-en-Provence_TGV

The experience of France and Germany suggests that if a peripheral station location is selected for Bakersfield, an enormous amount of land use and transit planning work will need to be done before the station is completed if the station is ever to become anything other than a park-and-ride station that catalyzes urban sprawl. Even if Bakersfield does significant up-front land use and transit planning work for the for the station area to support a more transit-oriented vision, the experience of “beet field” stations such as Aix-en-Provence and Haute-Picardie in France suggests that once HSR passengers become accustomed to driving to the station, this travel behavior becomes difficult to reverse. From a development perspective, beet field stations, both in France and Germany, also struggle to attract development if there is not an existing cluster of economic activity in the station area already. All of this is consistent with the common wisdom about transit-oriented development planning around transit stations in the U.S.: that it is very difficult to initiate development where it does not already exist.
Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris and Tridib Banerjee. The Blue Line blues: why the vision of transit village may not materialize despite impressive growth in transit ridership. Journal of Urban Design, 5(2):101-125, 2000.

RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Do your HSR trains share track with conventional trains (intercity, commuter or regional)?
2. If yes, for the full corridor or only for some segments of it?
3. Does HSR serve the same overall routes as conventional trains?
4. Who owns the track infrastructure along the route?
5. If HSR uses shared tracks within metro areas, then:
a. Does HSR have priority?
b. What is the maximum speed in this metro area
c. Are there plans to upgrade the corridor in the future?
d. Do you encounter any challenges by having HSR and conventional rail share the same tracks?
e. Do you encounter more delays in the shared parts of the tracks?

TICKETING & HSR-SPECIFIC AMENITIES
6. Is ticketing service for HSR separate from regular rail ticketing (i.e. HSR ticketing booths are different or at different spaces of the station; integrated or separate website for booking)?
7. Does it cost more to ride HSR than conventional rail? Are there special conditions that apply to HSR tickets such as advance booking or higher reservation fees?
8. Do intercity HSR rail tickets allow passengers to ride urban public transportation at no additional cost?
9. Are combined travel packages (packages that combine both HSR and conventional rail trips) offered to HSR riders at discounted prices?
10. Do you use integrated fare media for high speed and other forms of intercity rail? For example, is there a single “mobility card” that passengers can use to access a range of transportation options? If so, which modes can be accessed with this single fare medium? (i.e. public transit, bike share, car share, bicycle parking, car parking, etc…)
11. Does HSR service offer special services that other rail services don’t (e.g. baggage services, boarding services, on-board meeting spaces, lockers)

STATION LAYOUT / MODAL INTEGRATION
12. Do HSR trains arrive on different platforms than other trains?
13. If platforms are separate, how far apart are HSR tracks from conventional rail? (How many minutes to walk?)
14. If platforms are separate, is this for technical or service-related reasons?
15. What are the primary modes of access to your HSR station?
A. Bus
B. Streetcar
C. Subway
D. Commuter rail
E. Taxi / Shuttle
F. Bike share
G. Car share
H. Rental car
I. Car

16. How far (how many minutes walk) are the HSR platforms from connecting services?
17. Have you developed a station access hierarchy for your station(s)?
18. Are bikes allowed on high-speed trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
19. Are bikes allowed on other trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
20. Are the HSR and the conventional tracks wheelchair accessible?
21. Do you offer specific services or programs to facilitate door-to-door access via high speed rail, and especially by non-auto modes?
22. Has your city/region made coordinated improvements to transit stations that have the goal of increasing use of transit as an access mode to ? the station
23. Do you offer any connections to activities that are traditionally associated with auto travel (i.e. activities such as visits to vineyards, farms, ski areas)?
24. Do you have a coordinated wayfinding and signage program for the station? Or are wayfinding and signage standards determined by another entity (such as the national railway, regional government)?

PARKING
25. Do you provide park-and-ride spaces for cars at your station(s)? How many?
26. Is there free parking at the station? If it is paid, how is the pricing structured?
27. Has your city/region developed a regional remote parking plan that provides incentives for park-and-ride passengers to park their cars in more peripheral locations, away from main HSR stations?
28. Have you developed policies for transitioning station sites away from car access and toward more sustainable modes (walking, cycling, transit)?
29. Do you use surface parking lots as interim land uses for land-banking purposes?

STATION DISTRICT
30. Is there an official definition of the ‘station area’ and if so, how is it defined?
31. In defining the station area, do you use a standard distance such as an 800-meter radius? Or do you instead consider the amount of time that it takes to access the station by various modes?
32. Is there a special station planning district in place?
33. What specific land uses are you seeking to attract within station areas??
34. Are transit-oriented development (TOD) plans/policies in place for HSR station areas?

AIRPORT CONNECTIONS AND HSR/ AIR COMPETITION
35. Is your main regional airport served by HSR?
36. If not, how is the airport connected to your HSR stations?
37. How would you characterize the relationship between HSRHSR and air travel? Are there coordinated policies in place to manage intercity travel demand by diverting trips below a certain distance away from airports and toward HSR?

GOVERNANCE
38. Who owns your HSR stations?
39. Who manages your stations?
40. Who is responsible for planning/maintaining the immediate station area (plaza)
41. Are there conflicts of interest between station management and rail service operations?
42. Are there cooperation / service agreements between the rail authorities, transit agencies, station management bodies, or municipalities that serve your station?
43. Please name the citywide/metropolitan entities that are involved in planning your HSR station? What agreements are in place between those entities and the bodies that manage the station and station area?

GENERAL EVALUATION
44. What would you say are the biggest challenges of station intermodality in terms of: (a) spatial; (b) infrastructural, and (c) operational needs?
45. From your experience, what recommendations do you have for achieving a seamless integration of the HSR service with other railway services and other travel modes?
46. If you are knowledgeable about the proposed California system, do you have specific recommendations with regard to station access?

Station Land Use

One common trait that all large train stations in German share is that they are also shopping malls. New and recently renovated station in France also increasingly share this attribute.

One notable example of this is the Leipzig Main Station, which is the world’s largest railway station measure by floor area. It has 24 platforms and a multi-level concourse with towering stone arches. The building’s façade is 293 meters long. The station handles an average of 120,000 passengers per day and is the hub of the Central German S-Bahn system. The station itself is a large shopping center with 143 shops and services.

The station was thoroughly renovated and modernized after German reunification by the German Railway. The area under the concourse floor was excavated to allow for two basement levels that are now occupied by the shopping center. Insert plan view of station.

In France, an important example in the trend toward shopping center stations is Gare St. Lazare in Paris. St. Lazare is not a high speed rail station, but according to the representatives of the French Railway with whom I spoke, it represents the direction that new stations, both high speed and otherwise, in France are adopting.

Gare Saint-Lazare
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Paris Saint-LazareTerminus West entrance
Station statistics Line(s) Paris–Le Havre railway Platforms 27 Other information Opened 1837 Electrified yes Owned by SNCF Traffic Passengers () 100 million Services IntercitésTransilienTER Haute Normandie Paris Saint-Lazare is one of the six large terminus railway stations of Paris. It is the second busiest railway station in Europe with 100,000,000 passengers transiting every year, and also the second station in Paris, behind the Gare du Nord. It handles 450,000 passengers each day.[1] The station was designed by architect Juste Lisch, and the maître de l'oeuvre (general contractor) was Eugene Flachat.[2]

RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Do your HSR trains share track with conventional trains (intercity, commuter or regional)?
2. If yes, for the full corridor or only for some segments of it?
3. Does HSR serve the same overall routes as conventional trains?
4. Who owns the track infrastructure along the route?
5. If HSR uses shared tracks within metro areas, then:
a. Does HSR have priority?
b. What is the maximum speed in this metro area
c. Are there plans to upgrade the corridor in the future?
d. Do you encounter any challenges by having HSR and conventional rail share the same tracks?
e. Do you encounter more delays in the shared parts of the tracks?

TICKETING & HSR-SPECIFIC AMENITIES
6. Is ticketing service for HSR separate from regular rail ticketing (i.e. HSR ticketing booths are different or at different spaces of the station; integrated or separate website for booking)?
7. Does it cost more to ride HSR than conventional rail? Are there special conditions that apply to HSR tickets such as advance booking or higher reservation fees?
8. Do intercity HSR rail tickets allow passengers to ride urban public transportation at no additional cost?
9. Are combined travel packages (packages that combine both HSR and conventional rail trips) offered to HSR riders at discounted prices?
10. Do you use integrated fare media for high speed and other forms of intercity rail? For example, is there a single “mobility card” that passengers can use to access a range of transportation options? If so, which modes can be accessed with this single fare medium? (i.e. public transit, bike share, car share, bicycle parking, car parking, etc…)
11. Does HSR service offer special services that other rail services don’t (e.g. baggage services, boarding services, on-board meeting spaces, lockers)

STATION LAYOUT / MODAL INTEGRATION
12. Do HSR trains arrive on different platforms than other trains?
13. If platforms are separate, how far apart are HSR tracks from conventional rail? (How many minutes to walk?)
14. If platforms are separate, is this for technical or service-related reasons?
15. What are the primary modes of access to your HSR station?
A. Bus
B. Streetcar
C. Subway
D. Commuter rail
E. Taxi / Shuttle
F. Bike share
G. Car share
H. Rental car
I. Car

16. How far (how many minutes walk) are the HSR platforms from connecting services?
17. Have you developed a station access hierarchy for your station(s)?
18. Are bikes allowed on high-speed trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
19. Are bikes allowed on other trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
20. Are the HSR and the conventional tracks wheelchair accessible?
21. Do you offer specific services or programs to facilitate door-to-door access via high speed rail, and especially by non-auto modes?
22. Has your city/region made coordinated improvements to transit stations that have the goal of increasing use of transit as an access mode to ? the station
23. Do you offer any connections to activities that are traditionally associated with auto travel (i.e. activities such as visits to vineyards, farms, ski areas)?
24. Do you have a coordinated wayfinding and signage program for the station? Or are wayfinding and signage standards determined by another entity (such as the national railway, regional government)?

PARKING
25. Do you provide park-and-ride spaces for cars at your station(s)? How many?
26. Is there free parking at the station? If it is paid, how is the pricing structured?
27. Has your city/region developed a regional remote parking plan that provides incentives for park-and-ride passengers to park their cars in more peripheral locations, away from main HSR stations?
28. Have you developed policies for transitioning station sites away from car access and toward more sustainable modes (walking, cycling, transit)?
29. Do you use surface parking lots as interim land uses for land-banking purposes?

STATION DISTRICT
30. Is there an official definition of the ‘station area’ and if so, how is it defined?
31. In defining the station area, do you use a standard distance such as an 800-meter radius? Or do you instead consider the amount of time that it takes to access the station by various modes?
32. Is there a special station planning district in place?
33. What specific land uses are you seeking to attract within station areas??
34. Are transit-oriented development (TOD) plans/policies in place for HSR station areas?

AIRPORT CONNECTIONS AND HSR/ AIR COMPETITION
35. Is your main regional airport served by HSR?
36. If not, how is the airport connected to your HSR stations?
37. How would you characterize the relationship between HSRHSR and air travel? Are there coordinated policies in place to manage intercity travel demand by diverting trips below a certain distance away from airports and toward HSR?

GOVERNANCE
38. Who owns your HSR stations?
39. Who manages your stations?
40. Who is responsible for planning/maintaining the immediate station area (plaza)
41. Are there conflicts of interest between station management and rail service operations?
42. Are there cooperation / service agreements between the rail authorities, transit agencies, station management bodies, or municipalities that serve your station?
43. Please name the citywide/metropolitan entities that are involved in planning your HSR station? What agreements are in place between those entities and the bodies that manage the station and station area?

GENERAL EVALUATION
44. What would you say are the biggest challenges of station intermodality in terms of: (a) spatial; (b) infrastructural, and (c) operational needs?
45. From your experience, what recommendations do you have for achieving a seamless integration of the HSR service with other railway services and other travel modes?
46. If you are knowledgeable about the proposed California system, do you have specific recommendations with regard to station access?

The experience of French and German stations suggests that it is possible to accommodate high speed trains at conventional rail platforms. For example, even though it is the most important rail station in France for train connections, Lyon Part-Dieu accommodates hundreds of high speed, regional, and conventional trains in just one single-level railyard with eleven parallel platforms tracks. According to CAHRSA’s 2014 Business Plan, 64 high speed trains (HSTs) are expected to run daily between San Francisco and Los Angeles—less than half the number of trains that pass through Part-Dieu on a daily basis. Given this fact, serious thought should be given to the possibility of integrating HSR platforms with conventional trains platforms at places such as Los Angeles Union Station, which currently has fourteen tracks and seven platforms, as well as San Jose Diridon, which has nine tracks and seven platforms, either via parallel integration or stacked integration. Source: Appendix A, California 2014 Business Plan Ridership and Revenue Technical Memorandum shows that four trains per hour will run between Los Angeles and San Francisco for 16 hours per day in 2029. Hours of operation include six hours of peak period service and ten hours of off-peak service.
According to CAHSRA officials, as construction work on the initial operating segment of the California HSR system gets underway, and as station area planning work funded by the CAHSRA progresses, opportunities for more integrated station designs will be explored. (Conversation with Michelle Boehm, July 1, 2014.)
? trakcs . . .

RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Do your HSR trains share track with conventional trains (intercity, commuter or regional)?
2. If yes, for the full corridor or only for some segments of it?
3. Does HSR serve the same overall routes as conventional trains?
4. Who owns the track infrastructure along the route?
5. If HSR uses shared tracks within metro areas, then:
a. Does HSR have priority?
b. What is the maximum speed in this metro area
c. Are there plans to upgrade the corridor in the future?
d. Do you encounter any challenges by having HSR and conventional rail share the same tracks?
e. Do you encounter more delays in the shared parts of the tracks?

TICKETING & HSR-SPECIFIC AMENITIES
6. Is ticketing service for HSR separate from regular rail ticketing (i.e. HSR ticketing booths are different or at different spaces of the station; integrated or separate website for booking)?
7. Does it cost more to ride HSR than conventional rail? Are there special conditions that apply to HSR tickets such as advance booking or higher reservation fees?
8. Do intercity HSR rail tickets allow passengers to ride urban public transportation at no additional cost?
9. Are combined travel packages (packages that combine both HSR and conventional rail trips) offered to HSR riders at discounted prices?
10. Do you use integrated fare media for high speed and other forms of intercity rail? For example, is there a single “mobility card” that passengers can use to access a range of transportation options? If so, which modes can be accessed with this single fare medium? (i.e. public transit, bike share, car share, bicycle parking, car parking, etc…)
11. Does HSR service offer special services that other rail services don’t (e.g. baggage services, boarding services, on-board meeting spaces, lockers)

STATION LAYOUT / MODAL INTEGRATION
12. Do HSR trains arrive on different platforms than other trains?
13. If platforms are separate, how far apart are HSR tracks from conventional rail? (How many minutes to walk?)
14. If platforms are separate, is this for technical or service-related reasons?
15. What are the primary modes of access to your HSR station?
A. Bus
B. Streetcar
C. Subway
D. Commuter rail
E. Taxi / Shuttle
F. Bike share
G. Car share
H. Rental car
I. Car

16. How far (how many minutes walk) are the HSR platforms from connecting services?
17. Have you developed a station access hierarchy for your station(s)?
18. Are bikes allowed on high-speed trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
19. Are bikes allowed on other trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
20. Are the HSR and the conventional tracks wheelchair accessible?
21. Do you offer specific services or programs to facilitate door-to-door access via high speed rail, and especially by non-auto modes?
22. Has your city/region made coordinated improvements to transit stations that have the goal of increasing use of transit as an access mode to ? the station
23. Do you offer any connections to activities that are traditionally associated with auto travel (i.e. activities such as visits to vineyards, farms, ski areas)?
24. Do you have a coordinated wayfinding and signage program for the station? Or are wayfinding and signage standards determined by another entity (such as the national railway, regional government)?

PARKING
25. Do you provide park-and-ride spaces for cars at your station(s)? How many?
26. Is there free parking at the station? If it is paid, how is the pricing structured?
27. Has your city/region developed a regional remote parking plan that provides incentives for park-and-ride passengers to park their cars in more peripheral locations, away from main HSR stations?
28. Have you developed policies for transitioning station sites away from car access and toward more sustainable modes (walking, cycling, transit)?
29. Do you use surface parking lots as interim land uses for land-banking purposes?

STATION DISTRICT
30. Is there an official definition of the ‘station area’ and if so, how is it defined?
31. In defining the station area, do you use a standard distance such as an 800-meter radius? Or do you instead consider the amount of time that it takes to access the station by various modes?
32. Is there a special station planning district in place?
33. What specific land uses are you seeking to attract within station areas??
34. Are transit-oriented development (TOD) plans/policies in place for HSR station areas?

AIRPORT CONNECTIONS AND HSR/ AIR COMPETITION
35. Is your main regional airport served by HSR?
36. If not, how is the airport connected to your HSR stations?
37. How would you characterize the relationship between HSRHSR and air travel? Are there coordinated policies in place to manage intercity travel demand by diverting trips below a certain distance away from airports and toward HSR?

GOVERNANCE
38. Who owns your HSR stations?
39. Who manages your stations?
40. Who is responsible for planning/maintaining the immediate station area (plaza)
41. Are there conflicts of interest between station management and rail service operations?
42. Are there cooperation / service agreements between the rail authorities, transit agencies, station management bodies, or municipalities that serve your station?
43. Please name the citywide/metropolitan entities that are involved in planning your HSR station? What agreements are in place between those entities and the bodies that manage the station and station area?

GENERAL EVALUATION
44. What would you say are the biggest challenges of station intermodality in terms of: (a) spatial; (b) infrastructural, and (c) operational needs?
45. From your experience, what recommendations do you have for achieving a seamless integration of the HSR service with other railway services and other travel modes?
46. If you are knowledgeable about the proposed California system, do you have specific recommendations with regard to station access?

Münster

RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Do your HSR trains share track with conventional trains (intercity, commuter or regional)?
2. If yes, for the full corridor or only for some segments of it?
3. Does HSR serve the same overall routes as conventional trains?
4. Who owns the track infrastructure along the route?
5. If HSR uses shared tracks within metro areas, then:
a. Does HSR have priority?
b. What is the maximum speed in this metro area
c. Are there plans to upgrade the corridor in the future?
d. Do you encounter any challenges by having HSR and conventional rail share the same tracks?
e. Do you encounter more delays in the shared parts of the tracks?

TICKETING & HSR-SPECIFIC AMENITIES
6. Is ticketing service for HSR separate from regular rail ticketing (i.e. HSR ticketing booths are different or at different spaces of the station; integrated or separate website for booking)?
7. Does it cost more to ride HSR than conventional rail? Are there special conditions that apply to HSR tickets such as advance booking or higher reservation fees?
8. Do intercity HSR rail tickets allow passengers to ride urban public transportation at no additional cost?
9. Are combined travel packages (packages that combine both HSR and conventional rail trips) offered to HSR riders at discounted prices?
10. Do you use integrated fare media for high speed and other forms of intercity rail? For example, is there a single “mobility card” that passengers can use to access a range of transportation options? If so, which modes can be accessed with this single fare medium? (i.e. public transit, bike share, car share, bicycle parking, car parking, etc…)
11. Does HSR service offer special services that other rail services don’t (e.g. baggage services, boarding services, on-board meeting spaces, lockers)

STATION LAYOUT / MODAL INTEGRATION
12. Do HSR trains arrive on different platforms than other trains?
13. If platforms are separate, how far apart are HSR tracks from conventional rail? (How many minutes to walk?)
14. If platforms are separate, is this for technical or service-related reasons?
15. What are the primary modes of access to your HSR station?
A. Bus
B. Streetcar
C. Subway
D. Commuter rail
E. Taxi / Shuttle
F. Bike share
G. Car share
H. Rental car
I. Car

16. How far (how many minutes walk) are the HSR platforms from connecting services?
17. Have you developed a station access hierarchy for your station(s)?
18. Are bikes allowed on high-speed trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
19. Are bikes allowed on other trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
20. Are the HSR and the conventional tracks wheelchair accessible?
21. Do you offer specific services or programs to facilitate door-to-door access via high speed rail, and especially by non-auto modes?
22. Has your city/region made coordinated improvements to transit stations that have the goal of increasing use of transit as an access mode to ? the station
23. Do you offer any connections to activities that are traditionally associated with auto travel (i.e. activities such as visits to vineyards, farms, ski areas)?
24. Do you have a coordinated wayfinding and signage program for the station? Or are wayfinding and signage standards determined by another entity (such as the national railway, regional government)?

PARKING
25. Do you provide park-and-ride spaces for cars at your station(s)? How many?
26. Is there free parking at the station? If it is paid, how is the pricing structured?
27. Has your city/region developed a regional remote parking plan that provides incentives for park-and-ride passengers to park their cars in more peripheral locations, away from main HSR stations?
28. Have you developed policies for transitioning station sites away from car access and toward more sustainable modes (walking, cycling, transit)?
29. Do you use surface parking lots as interim land uses for land-banking purposes?

STATION DISTRICT
30. Is there an official definition of the ‘station area’ and if so, how is it defined?
31. In defining the station area, do you use a standard distance such as an 800-meter radius? Or do you instead consider the amount of time that it takes to access the station by various modes?
32. Is there a special station planning district in place?
33. What specific land uses are you seeking to attract within station areas??
34. Are transit-oriented development (TOD) plans/policies in place for HSR station areas?

AIRPORT CONNECTIONS AND HSR/ AIR COMPETITION
35. Is your main regional airport served by HSR?
36. If not, how is the airport connected to your HSR stations?
37. How would you characterize the relationship between HSRHSR and air travel? Are there coordinated policies in place to manage intercity travel demand by diverting trips below a certain distance away from airports and toward HSR?

GOVERNANCE
38. Who owns your HSR stations?
39. Who manages your stations?
40. Who is responsible for planning/maintaining the immediate station area (plaza)
41. Are there conflicts of interest between station management and rail service operations?
42. Are there cooperation / service agreements between the rail authorities, transit agencies, station management bodies, or municipalities that serve your station?
43. Please name the citywide/metropolitan entities that are involved in planning your HSR station? What agreements are in place between those entities and the bodies that manage the station and station area?

GENERAL EVALUATION
44. What would you say are the biggest challenges of station intermodality in terms of: (a) spatial; (b) infrastructural, and (c) operational needs?
45. From your experience, what recommendations do you have for achieving a seamless integration of the HSR service with other railway services and other travel modes?
46. If you are knowledgeable about the proposed California system, do you have specific recommendations with regard to station access?

RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Do your HSR trains share track with conventional trains (intercity, commuter or regional)?
2. If yes, for the full corridor or only for some segments of it?
3. Does HSR serve the same overall routes as conventional trains?
4. Who owns the track infrastructure along the route?
5. If HSR uses shared tracks within metro areas, then:
a. Does HSR have priority?
b. What is the maximum speed in this metro area
c. Are there plans to upgrade the corridor in the future?
d. Do you encounter any challenges by having HSR and conventional rail share the same tracks?
e. Do you encounter more delays in the shared parts of the tracks?

TICKETING & HSR-SPECIFIC AMENITIES
6. Is ticketing service for HSR separate from regular rail ticketing (i.e. HSR ticketing booths are different or at different spaces of the station; integrated or separate website for booking)?
7. Does it cost more to ride HSR than conventional rail? Are there special conditions that apply to HSR tickets such as advance booking or higher reservation fees?
8. Do intercity HSR rail tickets allow passengers to ride urban public transportation at no additional cost?
9. Are combined travel packages (packages that combine both HSR and conventional rail trips) offered to HSR riders at discounted prices?
10. Do you use integrated fare media for high speed and other forms of intercity rail? For example, is there a single “mobility card” that passengers can use to access a range of transportation options? If so, which modes can be accessed with this single fare medium? (i.e. public transit, bike share, car share, bicycle parking, car parking, etc…)
11. Does HSR service offer special services that other rail services don’t (e.g. baggage services, boarding services, on-board meeting spaces, lockers)

STATION LAYOUT / MODAL INTEGRATION
12. Do HSR trains arrive on different platforms than other trains?
13. If platforms are separate, how far apart are HSR tracks from conventional rail? (How many minutes to walk?)
14. If platforms are separate, is this for technical or service-related reasons?
15. What are the primary modes of access to your HSR station?
A. Bus
B. Streetcar
C. Subway
D. Commuter rail
E. Taxi / Shuttle
F. Bike share
G. Car share
H. Rental car
I. Car

16. How far (how many minutes walk) are the HSR platforms from connecting services?
17. Have you developed a station access hierarchy for your station(s)?
18. Are bikes allowed on high-speed trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
19. Are bikes allowed on other trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
20. Are the HSR and the conventional tracks wheelchair accessible?
21. Do you offer specific services or programs to facilitate door-to-door access via high speed rail, and especially by non-auto modes?
22. Has your city/region made coordinated improvements to transit stations that have the goal of increasing use of transit as an access mode to ? the station
23. Do you offer any connections to activities that are traditionally associated with auto travel (i.e. activities such as visits to vineyards, farms, ski areas)?
24. Do you have a coordinated wayfinding and signage program for the station? Or are wayfinding and signage standards determined by another entity (such as the national railway, regional government)?

PARKING
25. Do you provide park-and-ride spaces for cars at your station(s)? How many?
26. Is there free parking at the station? If it is paid, how is the pricing structured?
27. Has your city/region developed a regional remote parking plan that provides incentives for park-and-ride passengers to park their cars in more peripheral locations, away from main HSR stations?
28. Have you developed policies for transitioning station sites away from car access and toward more sustainable modes (walking, cycling, transit)?
29. Do you use surface parking lots as interim land uses for land-banking purposes?

STATION DISTRICT
30. Is there an official definition of the ‘station area’ and if so, how is it defined?
31. In defining the station area, do you use a standard distance such as an 800-meter radius? Or do you instead consider the amount of time that it takes to access the station by various modes?
32. Is there a special station planning district in place?
33. What specific land uses are you seeking to attract within station areas??
34. Are transit-oriented development (TOD) plans/policies in place for HSR station areas?

AIRPORT CONNECTIONS AND HSR/ AIR COMPETITION
35. Is your main regional airport served by HSR?
36. If not, how is the airport connected to your HSR stations?
37. How would you characterize the relationship between HSRHSR and air travel? Are there coordinated policies in place to manage intercity travel demand by diverting trips below a certain distance away from airports and toward HSR?

GOVERNANCE
38. Who owns your HSR stations?
39. Who manages your stations?
40. Who is responsible for planning/maintaining the immediate station area (plaza)
41. Are there conflicts of interest between station management and rail service operations?
42. Are there cooperation / service agreements between the rail authorities, transit agencies, station management bodies, or municipalities that serve your station?
43. Please name the citywide/metropolitan entities that are involved in planning your HSR station? What agreements are in place between those entities and the bodies that manage the station and station area?

GENERAL EVALUATION
44. What would you say are the biggest challenges of station intermodality in terms of: (a) spatial; (b) infrastructural, and (c) operational needs?
45. From your experience, what recommendations do you have for achieving a seamless integration of the HSR service with other railway services and other travel modes?
46. If you are knowledgeable about the proposed California system, do you have specific recommendations with regard to station access?

Benefits of pursuing transit govern

RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Do your HSR trains share track with conventional trains (intercity, commuter or regional)?
2. If yes, for the full corridor or only for some segments of it?
3. Does HSR serve the same overall routes as conventional trains?
4. Who owns the track infrastructure along the route?
5. If HSR uses shared tracks within metro areas, then:
a. Does HSR have priority?
b. What is the maximum speed in this metro area
c. Are there plans to upgrade the corridor in the future?
d. Do you encounter any challenges by having HSR and conventional rail share the same tracks?
e. Do you encounter more delays in the shared parts of the tracks?

TICKETING & HSR-SPECIFIC AMENITIES
6. Is ticketing service for HSR separate from regular rail ticketing (i.e. HSR ticketing booths are different or at different spaces of the station; integrated or separate website for booking)?
7. Does it cost more to ride HSR than conventional rail? Are there special conditions that apply to HSR tickets such as advance booking or higher reservation fees?
8. Do intercity HSR rail tickets allow passengers to ride urban public transportation at no additional cost?
9. Are combined travel packages (packages that combine both HSR and conventional rail trips) offered to HSR riders at discounted prices?
10. Do you use integrated fare media for high speed and other forms of intercity rail? For example, is there a single “mobility card” that passengers can use to access a range of transportation options? If so, which modes can be accessed with this single fare medium? (i.e. public transit, bike share, car share, bicycle parking, car parking, etc…)
11. Does HSR service offer special services that other rail services don’t (e.g. baggage services, boarding services, on-board meeting spaces, lockers)

STATION LAYOUT / MODAL INTEGRATION
12. Do HSR trains arrive on different platforms than other trains?
13. If platforms are separate, how far apart are HSR tracks from conventional rail? (How many minutes to walk?)
14. If platforms are separate, is this for technical or service-related reasons?
15. What are the primary modes of access to your HSR station?
A. Bus
B. Streetcar
C. Subway
D. Commuter rail
E. Taxi / Shuttle
F. Bike share
G. Car share
H. Rental car
I. Car

16. How far (how many minutes walk) are the HSR platforms from connecting services?
17. Have you developed a station access hierarchy for your station(s)?
18. Are bikes allowed on high-speed trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
19. Are bikes allowed on other trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
20. Are the HSR and the conventional tracks wheelchair accessible?
21. Do you offer specific services or programs to facilitate door-to-door access via high speed rail, and especially by non-auto modes?
22. Has your city/region made coordinated improvements to transit stations that have the goal of increasing use of transit as an access mode to ? the station
23. Do you offer any connections to activities that are traditionally associated with auto travel (i.e. activities such as visits to vineyards, farms, ski areas)?
24. Do you have a coordinated wayfinding and signage program for the station? Or are wayfinding and signage standards determined by another entity (such as the national railway, regional government)?

PARKING
25. Do you provide park-and-ride spaces for cars at your station(s)? How many?
26. Is there free parking at the station? If it is paid, how is the pricing structured?
27. Has your city/region developed a regional remote parking plan that provides incentives for park-and-ride passengers to park their cars in more peripheral locations, away from main HSR stations?
28. Have you developed policies for transitioning station sites away from car access and toward more sustainable modes (walking, cycling, transit)?
29. Do you use surface parking lots as interim land uses for land-banking purposes?

STATION DISTRICT
30. Is there an official definition of the ‘station area’ and if so, how is it defined?
31. In defining the station area, do you use a standard distance such as an 800-meter radius? Or do you instead consider the amount of time that it takes to access the station by various modes?
32. Is there a special station planning district in place?
33. What specific land uses are you seeking to attract within station areas??
34. Are transit-oriented development (TOD) plans/policies in place for HSR station areas?

AIRPORT CONNECTIONS AND HSR/ AIR COMPETITION
35. Is your main regional airport served by HSR?
36. If not, how is the airport connected to your HSR stations?
37. How would you characterize the relationship between HSRHSR and air travel? Are there coordinated policies in place to manage intercity travel demand by diverting trips below a certain distance away from airports and toward HSR?

GOVERNANCE
38. Who owns your HSR stations?
39. Who manages your stations?
40. Who is responsible for planning/maintaining the immediate station area (plaza)
41. Are there conflicts of interest between station management and rail service operations?
42. Are there cooperation / service agreements between the rail authorities, transit agencies, station management bodies, or municipalities that serve your station?
43. Please name the citywide/metropolitan entities that are involved in planning your HSR station? What agreements are in place between those entities and the bodies that manage the station and station area?

GENERAL EVALUATION
44. What would you say are the biggest challenges of station intermodality in terms of: (a) spatial; (b) infrastructural, and (c) operational needs?
45. From your experience, what recommendations do you have for achieving a seamless integration of the HSR service with other railway services and other travel modes?
46. If you are knowledgeable about the proposed California system, do you have specific recommendations with regard to station access?

RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Do your HSR trains share track with conventional trains (intercity, commuter or regional)?
2. If yes, for the full corridor or only for some segments of it?
3. Does HSR serve the same overall routes as conventional trains?
4. Who owns the track infrastructure along the route?
5. If HSR uses shared tracks within metro areas, then:
a. Does HSR have priority?
b. What is the maximum speed in this metro area
c. Are there plans to upgrade the corridor in the future?
d. Do you encounter any challenges by having HSR and conventional rail share the same tracks?
e. Do you encounter more delays in the shared parts of the tracks?

TICKETING & HSR-SPECIFIC AMENITIES
6. Is ticketing service for HSR separate from regular rail ticketing (i.e. HSR ticketing booths are different or at different spaces of the station; integrated or separate website for booking)?
7. Does it cost more to ride HSR than conventional rail? Are there special conditions that apply to HSR tickets such as advance booking or higher reservation fees?
8. Do intercity HSR rail tickets allow passengers to ride urban public transportation at no additional cost?
9. Are combined travel packages (packages that combine both HSR and conventional rail trips) offered to HSR riders at discounted prices?
10. Do you use integrated fare media for high speed and other forms of intercity rail? For example, is there a single “mobility card” that passengers can use to access a range of transportation options? If so, which modes can be accessed with this single fare medium? (i.e. public transit, bike share, car share, bicycle parking, car parking, etc…)
11. Does HSR service offer special services that other rail services don’t (e.g. baggage services, boarding services, on-board meeting spaces, lockers)

STATION LAYOUT / MODAL INTEGRATION
12. Do HSR trains arrive on different platforms than other trains?
13. If platforms are separate, how far apart are HSR tracks from conventional rail? (How many minutes to walk?)
14. If platforms are separate, is this for technical or service-related reasons?
15. What are the primary modes of access to your HSR station?
A. Bus
B. Streetcar
C. Subway
D. Commuter rail
E. Taxi / Shuttle
F. Bike share
G. Car share
H. Rental car
I. Car

16. How far (how many minutes walk) are the HSR platforms from connecting services?
17. Have you developed a station access hierarchy for your station(s)?
18. Are bikes allowed on high-speed trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
19. Are bikes allowed on other trains? What are the restrictions? Are there special accommodations for bikes (on-board racks, lockers)?
20. Are the HSR and the conventional tracks wheelchair accessible?
21. Do you offer specific services or programs to facilitate door-to-door access via high speed rail, and especially by non-auto modes?
22. Has your city/region made coordinated improvements to transit stations that have the goal of increasing use of transit as an access mode to ? the station
23. Do you offer any connections to activities that are traditionally associated with auto travel (i.e. activities such as visits to vineyards, farms, ski areas)?
24. Do you have a coordinated wayfinding and signage program for the station? Or are wayfinding and signage standards determined by another entity (such as the national railway, regional government)?

PARKING
25. Do you provide park-and-ride spaces for cars at your station(s)? How many?
26. Is there free parking at the station? If it is paid, how is the pricing structured?
27. Has your city/region developed a regional remote parking plan that provides incentives for park-and-ride passengers to park their cars in more peripheral locations, away from main HSR stations?
28. Have you developed policies for transitioning station sites away from car access and toward more sustainable modes (walking, cycling, transit)?
29. Do you use surface parking lots as interim land uses for land-banking purposes?

STATION DISTRICT
30. Is there an official definition of the ‘station area’ and if so, how is it defined?
31. In defining the station area, do you use a standard distance such as an 800-meter radius? Or do you instead consider the amount of time that it takes to access the station by various modes?
32. Is there a special station planning district in place?
33. What specific land uses are you seeking to attract within station areas??
34. Are transit-oriented development (TOD) plans/policies in place for HSR station areas?

AIRPORT CONNECTIONS AND HSR/ AIR COMPETITION
35. Is your main regional airport served by HSR?
36. If not, how is the airport connected to your HSR stations?
37. How would you characterize the relationship between HSRHSR and air travel? Are there coordinated policies in place to manage intercity travel demand by diverting trips below a certain distance away from airports and toward HSR?

GOVERNANCE
38. Who owns your HSR stations?
39. Who manages your stations?
40. Who is responsible for planning/maintaining the immediate station area (plaza)
41. Are there conflicts of interest between station management and rail service operations?
42. Are there cooperation / service agreements between the rail authorities, transit agencies, station management bodies, or municipalities that serve your station?
43. Please name the citywide/metropolitan entities that are involved in planning your HSR station? What agreements are in place between those entities and the bodies that manage the station and station area?

GENERAL EVALUATION
44. What would you say are the biggest challenges of station intermodality in terms of: (a) spatial; (b) infrastructural, and (c) operational needs?
45. From your experience, what recommendations do you have for achieving a seamless integration of the HSR service with other railway services and other travel modes?
46. If you are knowledgeable about the proposed California system, do you have specific recommendations with regard to station access?

RV 2014: HSR for Midsize Cities: TOD Lessons from Near and Far by Eric Eidlin

Rail~Volution

RV 2014: HSR for Midsize Cities: TOD Lessons from Near and Far by Eric Eidlin