seminar paper on BROADBAND OVER POWER LINES. It is the method of data transfer through the existing power lines.
"Wherever electricity is available there could be broadband"
1. BROADBAND OVER POWER LINE
By:
RAJESH ARAYANKARA
IEANEEE034
Guided by
Vineeth Mohan
Asst. Prof, Dept. of EEE
2. OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION.
Introduction
Literature study
BPL
Architecture
OFDM techniques
Types of BPL
Advantages
3. INTRODUCTION.
Broadband over Power Line (BPL) is a technology that
allows the voice and internet data to be transmitted
using the existing power lines
The basic concept of this technology is that it offers high
speed internet access to our homes through the
commonly accessible electrical paths
With broadband over power lines, or BPL, you can
plug your computer into any electrical outlet in your
home and instantly have access to high-speed Internet
4. LITERATURE STUDY.
Broadband
High Speed Access to Internet.
Greater than 128Kbps.
Always ON
Simultaneous up-link and down link
communication.
Made possible by digital modems.
6. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: CABLE—USE OF CABLE
TV PROVIDER’S COAXIAL OR FIBRE-COAXIAL
SYSTEMS TO TRANSMIT BROADBAND SIGNALS.
Speed: 1 Mbps to 3 Mbps
Reach: Available where cable has been installed
so some rural and suburban locations may not
have access.
Remark: The speed of the signal varies by the
number of users on the neighbourhood network
loop; it degrades with high numbers of users.
7. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: DSL—USE OF EXISTING
COPPER TELEPHONE WIRES TO TRANSMIT
BROADBAND SIGNAL.
Speed: 1.5 Mbps
Reach: In general, a residence must be within
about 18,000 feet of the DSL central equipment
office.
Remark: Not capable of transmitting TV signals.
8. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY:FIBRE (FTTX)—USE OF
OPTICAL FIBRE LINES TO HOME (FTTH) OR
BUSINESS (FTTB) TO DELIVER BROADBAND
SERVICES.
Speed: 1 Mbps to 1 Gbps
Reach: Fibre to the premises available in some
locations, but its deployment has been limited by
high costs.
Remark: Cost reductions enabled by passive
optical networks (PON) and advances in
component technology are expected to bring costs
down.
9. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: SATELLITE
Speed: 500 Kbps
Reach: Requires a clear view to the south (in
the northern hemisphere).
Remark:Trees and even heavy rain may affect
reception on Internet data.
10. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: WIMAX— WORLDWIDE
INTEROPERABILITY FOR MICROWAVE ACCESS,
BASED ON A JANUARY 2003 IEEE STANDARD
(802.16), SUPPORTS DEVELOPMENT
Speed: Up to 75 - 100 Mbps
Reach: Has a range of about 10- 12 kilo meters
of a single base station. This technology has a
predicted point-to point range of 25 miles or more
Remark: It is expected to reduce its service
charge as it could catch a large number of
customers.
11. BPL
Speed: Commercial - up to 3Mbps Residences - 5
Mbps or higher
Reach: BPL can be applied to the ubiquitous
electric distribution network.
Remark: Speeds same for upload
13. Power lines are most important components in BPL.
Power grid consist of Generators, Substations, Transformers, Power lines
DATA cannot send through high voltage lines, due to electric noise
It directly injected to MV or LV lines
The power signal doesn’t interfere with the BPL data signal. It has a
signal range of 1.705-30 MHz
15. INJECTOR
It is used to inject data into LV or MV lines
It mounted in the substation.
OFDM Technique is used here.
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of
digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband
channels at different frequencies.
16. COUPLER
Couplers are used to connect the Injector to power lines
Two types, Inductive and Capacitive
Capacitive type have greater efficiency but it required physical
connection to the line
Inductive type couplers are connected using ferrite cores
Inductive coupler
17. REPEATER
It is a high frequency operation, distance covered by the BPL signal is
very limited.
To overcome this problem Repeaters is used.
Connected the poles of the power supply lines.
The repeater decodes the OFDM signal, regenerates it and then again
converts it to the OFDM signal and transmits it again.
18. EXTRACTOR
An extractor also has a repeater which boosts the signal before
transmitting onto power lines.
19. MODEM
Use specially designed Silicon Chips.
Capable of handling PowerLine Noise-
through use of specially developed
modulation technique & adaptive
algorithm.
roughly the size of a common
power adapter.
It plugs into a common wall socket.
Ethernet cable running to computer
finishes the connection. Wireless versions
are also available.
20. OFDM TECHNIQUE
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of
digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband
channels at different frequencies.
OFDM is based on the idea of frequency division multiplexing (FDM)
In FDM, about fifty percent of the total spectrum is wasted due to guard
bands which are needed between sub-carriers to ensure that they do not
overlap
OFDM is much more spectrally efficient than FDM. It reduces the
required bandwidth by squeezing subcarriers tightly together until they
actually overlap with each other
By keeping the sub-carriers orthogonal in the complex domain so that
they do not interfere with each other.
21.
22. OPERATION OF OFDM
Typically PSK or QAM modulations schemes are used
IFFT performs the transformation efficiently and ensures orthogonality
of the sub carriers
Cyclic prefix eliminate Guard time between adjacent symbols
23.
24. OFDM
Spread
Spectrum
Techniques (FH
and DS)
Single Carrier
Spectral
Efficiency
Good Poor Moderate
Robustness
Against Channel
Distortions
Excellent Not Good Good
Robustness
Against
Impulsive Noise
Fair Fair Good
Ability to adapt
to channel
changes
Excellent Fair Good
Implementation
Costs
(Equalizers,
etc.)
Fair Poor
Poor (Equalizers
required)
25. TYPES OF BPL
There is two types of BPL
1) Access BPL
2) In-House
1. Access BPL.
Utilize the power distribution network, owned, operated and
controlled by an electricity service provider.
Use injectors, repeaters and extractors to deliver high-speed
broadband services to the end-user.
There is two type End to End & Hybrid Access BPL
26. END TO END
In this system we either use a combination of Medium
Voltage (MV) and Low Voltage (LV) or a LV power line
The signal is directly injected into the power line and
through the LV transformer is directly delivered to the end
user
27. HYBRID
In Hybrid System a combination of MV power lines and wireless
transmission.
The signal is injected wirelessly and then using an extractor is
transmitted onto a MV power line which delivers it to the end user
28. IN-HOUSE BPL
Network machines within the building.
Utilize electric power lines not owned,
operated or controlled by an electricity service
provider, such as the electric wiring in a
privately owned building.
Devices are connected to the in-building wiring
and use electrical sockets as access points.
designed to provide short-distance
communication solutions
Product applications include networking and
sharing common resources such as printers.
29. ADVANTAGES
Wide Coverage: power lines are available in everywere.
So it has a wide coverage area
Cost: We use existing wires for data transmission
30. REFERENCE
Seema, Dr. Neetu Sharma “Broadband over Power Line”, International
Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Volume 5 Issue 6, June 2016
Seema, Mrs. Neetu Sharma “Broadband over Power Line”, International
Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research Vol.
4, Issue 2, pp: (303-307), Month: April - June 2016
Anushree Gawde, Chintan Patel, Nadeem Masani, Tushar Parekh
“Broadband Over Power Lines: Internet Everywhere”, International
Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 10,
October-2014
“Data Transmission Through Power Lines” BY C.A. Daque (M-IEEE),
P.G> Barbosa (M-IEEE), and D.P. Baotista (Student member IEEE)
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_line_communication
Broadband over power line for Indian telecom network- by Ram Krishna,
R. K. Siddhartha Naveen Kumar, G. L. Jogi