Antibiotics

Antibiotics: Protein Synthesis, Nucleic Acid Synthesis and Metabolism www.freelivedoctor.com

Principles and Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Principles and Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Principles and Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing www.freelivedoctor.com 8 4 0 2 1 Tetracycline (  g/ml) MIC = 2  g/ml Determination of MIC Chl Amp Ery Str Tet Disk Diffusion Test

Zone Diameter Standards for Disk Diffusion Tests www.freelivedoctor.com

Principles and Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antibiotics that Inhibit Protein Synthesis www.freelivedoctor.com

Review of Initiation of Protein Synthesis www.freelivedoctor.com 30S 1 3 2 GTP 1 2 3 GTP Initiation Factors mRNA 3 1 2 GTP 30S Initiation Complex f-met-tRNA Spectinomycin Aminoglycosides 1 2 GDP + Pi 50S 70S Initiation Complex A P

Review of Elongation of Protein Synthesis www.freelivedoctor.com GTP A P Tu GTP Tu GDP Ts Ts Tu + GDP Ts Pi P A Tetracycline A P Erythromycin Fusidic Acid Chloramphenicol G GTP G GDP + Pi G GDP A P + GTP

Protein Synthesis Microbe Library -American Society for Microbiology www.microbelibrary.org www.freelivedoctor.com

Survey of Antibiotics www.freelivedoctor.com

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antimicrobials that Bind to the 30S Ribosomal Subunit www.freelivedoctor.com

Aminoglycosides (bactericidal) streptomycin , kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, netilmicin, neomycin (topical) ,[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

www.freelivedoctor.com Microbe Library American Society for Microbiology www.microbelibrary.org

Aminoglycosides (bactericidal) streptomycin , kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, netilmicin, neomycin (topical) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Tetracyclines (bacteriostatic) tetracycline , minocycline and doxycycline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Spectinomycin (bacteriostatic) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antimicrobials that Bind to the 50S Ribosomal Subunit www.freelivedoctor.com

Chloramphenicol , Lincomycin, Clindamycin (bacteriostatic) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Macrolides (bacteriostatic) erythromycin , clarithromycin, azithromycin, spiramycin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antimicrobials that Interfere with Elongation Factors Selectivity due to differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic elongation factors www.freelivedoctor.com

Fusidic acid (bacteriostatic) ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis www.freelivedoctor.com

Inhibitors of RNA Synthesis Selectivity due to differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA polymerase www.freelivedoctor.com

Rifampin , Rifamycin, Rifampicin, Rifabutin (bactericidal) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Inhibitors of DNA Synthesis Selectivity due to differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic enzymes www.freelivedoctor.com

Quinolones (bactericidal) nalidixic acid , ciprofloxacin , ofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, sparfloxacin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antimetabolite Antimicrobials www.freelivedoctor.com

Inhibitors of Folic Acid Synthesis ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com p-aminobenzoic acid + Pteridine Dihydropteroic acid Dihydrofolic acid Tetrahydrofolic acid Pteridine synthetase Dihydrofolate synthetase Dihydrofolate reductase Thymidine Purines Methionine Trimethoprim Sulfonamides

Sulfonamides , Sulfones (bacteriostatic) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Trimethoprim , Methotrexate, Pyrimethamine (bacteriostatic) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Anti-Mycobacterial Antibiotics www.freelivedoctor.com

Para-aminosalicylic acid (PSA) (bacteriostatic) ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Dapsone (bacteriostatic) ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Isoniazid (INH) (bacteriostatic ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Principles and Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Mechanisms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Mechanisms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com Microbe Library American Society for Microbiology www.microbelibrary.org

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Mechanisms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com Microbe Library American Society for Microbiology www.microbelibrary.org

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Mechanisms ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Antibiotics

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Antibiotics