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Immunological Disorders
1. 06/07/09 immune disorders Message of the day When it rains all birds occupy shelter but eagle is the only bird that avoids the rain by flying above the clouds…… Problems are common to all but attitude makes the difference.
23. Inhalation of an antigen (sensitization) Re-exposure Nasal mucosa reacts (histamine is mediator) Slowing of ciliary action, edema formation and leukocyte infiltration Tissue edema and increase capillary permeability (vasodilatation). 06/07/09 immune disorders
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29. Allergen /Sensitizing antigen Effect the skin (changes in lipid content, sebaceous gland activity and sweating) Skin reduced water-binding capacity in the skin Higher trans epidermal water loss and decreased water content Dry skin Itching, rubbing leads to infection 06/07/09 immune disorders
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33. Anaphylaxis Definition: It is an immediate life threatening systemic reaction that can occur on exposure to particular substances It is an immediate (type I hypersensitivity) immunologic reaction, results from IgE antibody This reaction affects many tissues and organs. Death may occur due to respiratory tract spasm and constriction or collapse. . 06/07/09 immune disorders
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35. Pathophysiology: Anaphylaxis Interaction of foreign antigen with IgE antibodies Release of histamine Activation of platelets, eosinophils and neutrophils smooth muscle spasm, bronchospasm, mucosal edema and inflammation. 06/07/09 immune disorders
36. Clinical manifestations: Anaphylaxis 06/07/09 immune disorders Mild Moderate Severe Occurs within first 2hrs of exposure Same Same Peripheral tingling Flushing Broncospasm Sensation of warmth Itching Laryngeal edema Fullness in mouth and throat bronchospasm Severe Dyspnea, cyanosis Nasal congestion Edema of larynx Hypotension Periorbital swelling Dyspnea Cardiac arrest and coma may follow. Pruiritis Cough Sneezing wheezing
