Making your site mobile-friendly - DevCSI Reading 21.07.2010
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Extended version of my "Making your site mobile-friendly" talk, including a short look at native applications vs web apps, for the UKOLN DevCSI event "Developing for Mobile Applications in Education" in Reading http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/events/devcsi/mobile_applications/
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Making your site mobile-friendly - DevCSI Reading 21.07.2010
- 1. Making your site mobile-friendly TIPS AND TECHNIQUES FOR A BETTER MOBILE PRESENCE Patrick H. Lauke / Developing for Mobile Applications in Education / DevCSI / Reading / 21 July 2010
- 2. mobile web is increasingly important
- 3. we need a site that works on iPhone
- 4. ...works on iPhone... oh, and iPad
- 5. “remove iPhone from ass” Peter-Paul Koch, The iPhone obsession www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2010/02/the_iphone_obse.html
- 6. make your site work on all (most) mobile devices
- 9. not WAP or text anymore...
- 10. mobile browsers will work ok-ish
- 11. “But the mobile context...”
- 12. 2. separate mobile site (m.flickr.com, mobile.mysite.com, ...)
- 13. beware browser sniffing photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/timdorr/2096272747/
- 14. offer users choice: desktop or mobile?
- 23. refactored for small screen, not dumbed down for mobile
- 24. 3. single adaptive site
- 25. nothing new... fluid layout, progressive enhancement, graceful degradation
- 26. CSS 2 Media Types (screen, print, handheld)
- 27. CSS 2.1 Media Types <link rel="stylesheet" ... media="print" href="..."> @import url("...") print; @media print { // insert CSS rules here }
- 28. CSS 3 Media Queries “...the new hotness” Jeffrey Zeldman http://www.zeldman.com/2010/04/08/best-aea-yet/
- 29. CSS 3 Media Queries ● build and extend CSS 2.1 Media Types ● more granular control of capabilities ● width, height, orientation, color, resolution, … http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries/
- 30. CSS 3 Media Queries <link rel="stylesheet" ... media="screen and (max-width:480px)" href="..."> @import url("...") screen and (max-width:480px); @media screen and (max-width:480px) { // insert CSS rules here }
- 33. viewport meta
- 34. viewport meta ● desktop: viewport = visible area of browser ● mobile: “virtual viewport”, physical pixels, zoom ● viewport meta gives hints
- 35. viewport meta <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=320, initial- scale=2.3,user-scalable=no"> http://developer.apple.com/safari/library/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariWebContent/UsingtheViewport/UsingtheViewport.html
- 37. minimise data and server requests (minify JavaScript, combine CSS, …)
- 38. minimise data ● data transfer over network can be slow ● compress images (PNGCrush) ● optimise your HTML (death to div-itis) ● minify JavaScript ● combine CSS
- 39. minimise server requests ● each request has overhead ● limit to concurrent requests ● caching not reliable (e.g. iPhone > 25Kb)
- 40. CSS sprites Dave Shea, A List Apart www.alistapart.com/articles/sprites
- 41. width: 50px; height: 50px; background: url(icons.gif) no-repeat -51px 0;
- 43. data URLs <img width="48" height="48" alt="Redux gravatar" src="data:image/jpeg,%FF%D8%FF%E0%00%10JFIF %00%01%01%01%00H%00H%00%00%FF% … "> h1 { background: url("data:image/jpeg,%FF%D8%FF %E0%00%10JFIF%00%01 … ") no-repeat left top; }
- 44. native app vs web app
- 46. video, audio and canvas on any device without plugins (Java / Flash / Silverlight not ubiquitous)
- 50. HTML5 (and friends) has lots more APIs for developers (for powerful client-side apps)
- 52. geolocation navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success, error); navigator.geolocation.watchCurrentPosition(success, error); function success(position) { /* where's Wally? */ var lat = position.coords.latitude; var long = position.coords.longitude; ... }
- 53. offline detection... window.addEventListener('online', function(){ … }, true); window.addEventListener('offline', function(){ … }, true);
- 54. application cache <html manifest=”blah.manifest”> CACHE MANIFEST images/sprites.png scripts/common.js scripts/jquery.js styles/global.css data.xml NETWORK: resources/news.xml FALLBACK: images/ offline/not-available.png
- 55. …and more (coming) WebGL, <device>, Contacts API …
- 56. 1. do nothing 2. separate mobile site 3. single adaptive site
- 57. www.opera.com/developer patrick.lauke@opera.com people.opera.com/patrickl/presentations/devcsi-mobile_21.07.2010/devcsi-mobile_21.07.2010.pdf