1. The document discusses technology enhanced learning (TEL) and online pedagogy, highlighting various models for developing online curricula, including the SOLSTICE model and Salmon's 5 stage model of online participation. 2. It also addresses student expectations of higher education and technology use, noting both opportunities and challenges in connecting with digital native students. 3. Guidelines are provided for effective online discussion, emphasizing the importance of structure, reflection, and facilitating meaningful discourse among students.

1. Peter Reed 22 nd March, 2011 Innovative Practice PGC TL HE

2. Learning Outcomes This session is aligned to all 5 learning outcomes for the module, but particularly LO2: 2. Critical reflection upon and justification of the selection and deployment of technology to support learning in their specialist area/s Reflections will feed into Action Plan

3. What we’re going to cover… Introduction TEL & EHU Student Expectations ePedagogy Online Discussion Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL)

4. What is elearning or TEL to you?

5. “ Any online facility or system that directly supports learning and teaching. This may include a formal VLE, an institutional intranet that has a learning and teaching component, a system that has been developed in-house or a particular suite of specific individual tools” UCISA 2010 Survey What is eLearning/TEL

6. “ E-learning comprises all forms of electronically supported learning and teaching” Wikipedia What is eLearning/TEL

7. Benefits of TEL Affords learners decisions around time, place and pace. Cost Recruitment/Retention Skills & Employability Student Achievement Inclusion Widening Participation

8. TEL at Edge Hill eAdministration (Baseline) Online Learning Blended Learning

9. Do you have any experience of online learning and/or online teaching? What tools/technologies? How was it used? Positives/Negatives? Can you see its potential? How many people on Facebook/Twitter?

10. Student Expectations of HE As part of a Digital Ethnography course, over 200 students at Kansas State University collaborated to summarise some of the most important characteristics of students today – how they learn, what they need to learn, their goals, hopes, dreams, what their lives will be like, and what kinds of changes they will experience in their lifetime. Watch their video on YouTube

13. A Closer Look at Our Students Edge Hill University Students eLearning Survey (Lindsey Martin, eLearning Strategy & Development Manager) Nearly 75% - Bb at least 3 days a week 750 responses 80% access ‘a lot’ and find Bb ‘very important’ 47% think Facebook could be used Who here is on Facebook? And your Students?

14. A Closer Look at Our Students But are they all tech savvy? – Prensky thinks so… How many people can relate to this cartoon? Marc Prensky (2001) introduced the concept of Digital Immigrants' and Digital Natives http://www.doseofdigital.com/2009/04/healthcare-marketing-needs-some-digital-natives/ CIBER Report is on a similar wavelength

15. A Closer Look at Our Students http://www.edgehill.ac.uk/solstice/Conference2009/Keynotes.htm

16. What we’re going to cover… Introduction TEL & EHU Student Expectations ePedagogy Online Discussion Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL)

17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2Qg80MVvYs Online Education and ePedagogy… Watch this video of Bill Gates discussing in person education vs online education In response to the shift towards online education, as well as more recent pressures of ‘Internationalising the Curriculum’ a number of ‘models’ have emerged to provide a framework for the development of online curricula…

23. Online Discussion Who has experience (student or tutor) of online discussion? Positive or negative? Why? What has and has not worked for you?

26. Online Discussion – Good Practice - Reflection Description - what happened? Feelings - What were you thinking and feeling? Evaluation? - What was good and bad about the experience? Analysis - What sense can you make out of the situation? Conclusion - What else could you have done? Action plan - If it arose again what would you do? Gibbs (1988) cyclical model of reflection cited in Ghaye and Lillyman (1997:26)

27. Online Behaviour – that 5 Stage Model thing… Salmon’s 5 Stage Model relates to the incremental and progressive use of online discussion. Model can be translated into different contexts, not just online discussion. http://www.atimod.com/e-moderating/5stage.shtml

28. Online Behaviour – Contingency Contingency in Tutoring (Wood and Wood, 1996) Based on the premise: “ if the child succeeds, offer less help; if s/he gets into trouble, offer more help” Align with ideas of ‘Weaving’ which involves summarising and synthesising the content of multiple responses, opposed to responding to individual posts.

29. Online Discussion If we returned back to the PGCert discussion boards, what would you do to influence the discussion?

30. Conclusion… Introduction TEL & EHU Student Expectations ePedagogy Online Discussion Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL)

33. References Brown. T, et.al (2010) 2010 Survey of Technology Enhanced Learning for Higher Education in the UK. UCISA CIBER Information Behaviour of the Research of the Future - http://www.ucl.ac.uk/infostudies/research/ciber/downloads/ JISC Exploring Tangible Benefits of eLearning - http://www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk/publications/info/tangible-benefits-publication JISC Student Expectations Study - http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/research/2007/studentexpectations.aspx Laurillard, D. (2002) Rethinking university teaching: a conversational framework for the effective use of learning technologies (2nd ed.). London: RoutledgeFalmer Mayes, J.T. & Fowler, C.J.H. ‘Learning Technology and Usability: A Framework for Understanding Courseware’. Interacting With Computers 11, 485-497, 1999 Prensky. M (2001) Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants. On the Horizon. 9 (5) Wikipedia (eLearning definition) - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-learning

34. References for online discussion Atherton, J. S (2009) Learning and Teaching; Must/should/could learn [On-line] UK: Available: Accessed: 29 July 2009 - http://www.learningandteaching.info/teaching/must_should_could.htm Beaudoin, M (2002) Learning or lurking? Tracking the ‘invisible’ online student. Internet and higher Education 5 (2002) 147-155. Berge (1995) The Role of the Online Instructor/Facilitator - http://pre2005.flexiblelearning.net.au/guides/facilitation.html Gilbert, P & Dabbagh. N (2005) How to Structure Online Discussion for Meaningful Discourse: a case study. British Journal of Educational Technology Vol 36, No 1, 2005. Salmon, G. (2000). E-Moderating: The Key to Teaching and Learning Online. London: Kogan Page. Salmon, G. (2002). E-Tivities: The key to active online learning. Oxford: RoutledgeFalmer. Wood, D. & Wood, H. (1996) Vygotsky, Tutoring and Learning, Oxford Review of Education, 22(1), 5-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305498960220101