Grøn betong II – Ett danskt projekt om klimatreducerad betong - Claus Vestergaard, Teknologisk Institut.

1. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
Danish Innovation Consortium (2014-2018)
Green Transition of Cement and Concrete
Production in Denmark

2. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
Companies
 Aalborg Portland A/S
 Sweco A/S
 Rambøll Danmark A/S
 MT Højgaard A/S
 Unicon A/S
 Dansk Beton Fabriksbetonforeningen
 A/S Ikast Betonvarefabrik
 Betonværket Brønderslev A/S
 DK Beton A/S
 Frejlev Cementstøberi A/S
 Gammelrand Beton A/S
 IBF Beton Nordvestjylland A/S
 K.G. Beton A/S
 NCC Roads, Bornholms Betonværk A/S
 Skagen Cementstøberi A/S
 Thisted-Fjerritslev Cementvarefabrik A/S
 Unicon A/S
 VK Beton og Byggemarked A/S
 Wewers Belægningssten A/S
Participants
Knowledge and dissemination
 Teknologisk Institut (DTI)
 Københavns Erhvervsakademi
 Erhvervsakademi Sjælland
 Erhvervsakademiet Lillebælt
 Via University College – Campus Horsens
 Center for Betonuddannelse (AMU
Nordjylland)
Academia (Research)
 DTU Byg
Other
 Energistyrelsen
 InnoBYG network
Building owners
 Vejdirektoratet
 Banedanmark
 Femern A/S

3. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
Purpose and motivation
 Denmark has a long tradition for Green Concrete
since the late 1990ies
 Cement manufacturer under pressure to develop
new green binder materials
 General lack of SCM’s in the market
 Sustainability is getting high on the agenda
 Need to collaborate across the “specifier –
designer – producer – supplier” chain

4. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
Activities
 Test and demonstrate new binder systems in full scale
 Development of transport model for concrete (DTU)
for durability modelling
 Develop and apply the methodology for the use of
performance-based specifications/requirements
instead of deemed-to-satisfy requirements
 …

5. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
Activities …cont.
 Assess the potential for CO2 reductions
 Full-scale demonstration projects
(three bridges and an indoor wall)
 Establish exposure sites for long-term observations
 Workshops for concrete students

6. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
 Danish concrete branch organisation has
launched a sustainability initiative:
 50 % reduction of CO2 footprint per unit concrete
in 2030 compared with today (2019)
 Aalborg Portland is working on new cement
type for 2020
 Based on CEM II/B-M (LL-Q)
 Danish EN 206 DK NA has opened up for more
use of bio-coal-FA and limestone filler
What is next step ?

7. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
 Marine exposure sites and a highway between traffic lanes
Exposure sites for long-term
durability data
Hirtshals, West Coast Rødby near Femern

8. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
Demonstration
projects

9. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
Funktionsbaseret optimering
Motorway bridge – Rødby, 2016
Trial castings. Unicon, MT Højgaard
Bridge elements to be lifted in place
Extension of railway bridge

10. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
 XC2, XC3, XC4 + XF1 (air entrainment), V/C < 0.55
 Requirement on min. strength class  C30/37
Danish requirements on binder
Cement C
(EN 197-1)
SCM’s
(if used)
Limitations when
calculating V/C
Other remarks
CEM I (min.
42.4 MPa)
+ FA + MS
k = 0.5 and 2.0
FA/C ≤ 0.33
MS/C ≤ 0.11
Normal approach in DK.
Clinker ratio typically > 80%
CEM II/A-V
CEM II/B-V
+ MS
k = 2.0
MS/C ≤ 0.11 Normally not used
CEM II/A-L
CEM II/A-LL
+ FA + MS
k = 0.5 and 2.0
FA/C ≤ 0.33
MS/C ≤ 0.11
CEM II/A-LL is used in DK precast
Clinker ratio as low as 60 %
CEM I (min.
52.5 MPa)
+ GCC type A
+ GCC type B
GCC/C ≤ 0.25 (k = 1.0)
GCC/C ≤ 0.10 (k = 1.0)
GCC = Ground limestone filler
(fulfilling certain requirements)

11. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
 XD2, XD3, XS3, V/C < 0.40 and strength class  C40/50
 For XF4 air void structure shall be good
 For XA3 sulphate resistant cement, CEM I - SR5
Danish requirements on binder
Cement C
(EN 197-1)
SCM’s
(if used)
Limitations when
calculating V/C
Other remarks
CEM I (min.
42.4 MPa)
+ FA + MS
k = 0.5 and 2.0
FA/C ≤ 0.33
MS/C ≤ 0.11
Normal approach in DK.
Clinker ratio typically > 80%
CEM II/A-V
+ MS
k = 2.0
MS/C ≤ 0.11 Normally not used.
CEM II/A-L
CEM II/A-LL
+ FA + MS
k = 0.5 and 2.0
FA/C ≤ 0.33
MS/C ≤ 0.11
Only for XD3 without frost.
Clinker ratio as low as 60 %
Normally not used.

12. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
 Two concrete applications
 Bridge concrete XD3, XS3, XF4, XA3 - C35/40
 Indoor concrete XC1, C25/30, SCC
 Compare the candidate concretes with
reference mix designs
 CEM I 42.5 SR5, Fly ash FA/C = 0.15 for the
bridge application, V/C = 0.37, C40/50
 CEM I 52.5 N, Fly ash FA/C = 0.25 for the
building application, V/C = 0.69, C25/30, SCC
How did we investigate ?

13. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
 Performance-based development for hardened
concrete:
 Strength and E-modulus
 Freeze-thaw resistance (only for bridge)
 Chloride migration at different times up to
one year (only for bridge)
 Carbonation resistance (only for indoor)
 Fresh properties:
 Slump/flow, air content
 Viscosity, stickiness
How did we investigate ?

14. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
 For the bridge applications CEM I 52.5 N was used:
 FA/C = 0.8. Clinker only 55% of binder.
 FA/C = 0.5 and LL/C = 0.35. Clinker only 54%.
 FA/C = 0.5 and no LL. up to 0.8. Clinker 67%.
 Mixes with limestone and calcined clay:
 CEM I / LL / Q = 86% / 2% / 12% CEM II/A-M (Q-LL)
 CEM I / LL / Q = 86% / 6% / 8% CEM II/A-M (Q-LL)
 Plus mixes with FA addition 10 to 20% of binder
 For the building application
CEM I / LL / Q = 65% / 14% / 21% CEM II/B-M (Q-LL)
Resulting mixes

15. Claus Vestergaard Nielsen, Svensk Betongdagen, 2019-11-21
 www.gronbeton.dk
 www.baeredygtigbeton.dk
 CLN@DTI.dk
 Questions… ?
More information