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Global Rationales & Actual Benefits of Family Planning Junice L.Demeterio-Melgar Training of Medical Educators in Family Planning Silliman University, May 2010
Some early  FP technology pig intestine condoms Crododile dung pessary weasel’s testicles Oral mercury Gold/silver diaphragm lemon Ian Fortey, Cracked.com
4 Pre Sept 1994 Rationales  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pop theory: too many people consume resources, destroy environment
World Pop in 2010: over 7 B
Thomas  Malthus  1766-1834 ,[object Object],[object Object],“ Overpopulation is not simply population density but the numbers of people in an area  relative to its resources and the capacity of the environment to sustain human activities”. Paul Ehrlich  1932-present
Women’s Reproductive Rights: pregnancy can be unwelcome
Margaret Sanger  1979-1966 ,[object Object],http://www.nurses.info/personalities_margaret_sanger.htm feminist writer ( Married Love, Wise Parenthood ) Marie Stopes  1880-1958
Women’ right to FP (CEDAW 12.1 &General Recommendation No. 21 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Religious doctrine: all births  are blessings
Pope Paul VI,  1897-1978 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Humanae Vitae   (1968)
Humanae Vitae cont’d… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Medical science: FP as necessary  Health service to women
WHO, USFDA, FIGO, ACOG, Williams… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Abortion is different from contraception ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Contraceptives very safe ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Contraceptive Technnology  17 th  ed, 1998
… compared to ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Contraceptive Technnology  17 th  ed, 1998
NORPLANT VASECTOMY INJECTABLE FSTERILIZN TCu380AIUD POPbreastfeeding LAM6mos OCP CONDOM DIAPH+SPERMCID FAB FCONDOMS SPERMCID NO METHOD 0-1: Always very effective 2-9: Effective as common- Ly used. Very effective  when used correctly & consistently. 10-30: Only somewhat effective as commonly used. Effective when  used correctly & consistently (0-1) (2-9) (10-30) Pregnancies per 100 Women in 1 st  12 mos Use   Modern Contraceptives: Very Effective WHO, USAID, Bloomberfg,  Family Planning  A Global Handbook , 2007 COR CON USE TYP USE .1 .15 .3 .5 .8 1 2 6-8 14 20 20 21 26 85 .1 .1 .3 .5 .6 .5 .5 .1 3 6 1-9 5 6 85
Contraceptives: in WHO Core List of Essential Medicines   Minimum medicine needs for a basic health care system,  listing the most efficacious, safe and cost-effective  medicines for priority conditions.  Priority conditions are selected on  the basis of  current and  estimated future  public health  relevance, and  potential for safe  and cost-effective  treatment. http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/en/
Women Population Church Medical ICPD POA 1994 The Reproductive Health Consensus
ICPD POA major Goals ( 1.12) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reproductive Health ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ICPD 7.6 RH services as part of Primary Health Care
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Abortion – according to ICPD POA 8.25
Goal:  enable couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly no.& spacing of their children Ensure informed free choice, is essential to long-term success of FP programs.  Coercion, incentives and disincentives, targets & quotas have not worked Governmental goals for FP should be defined in terms of  UNMET NEED  for information and services.  ICPD POA  7.12 FP Program principles
Bruce-Jain Framework of Quality FP Care (1990) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FP Benefits ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Comparative Cost-Effectiveness of FP Intervention Cost $ per DALY saved Insecticide-treated bednets 3-20 Malaria prevntn for pregnant women   29 TB treatment (epidemic sitns) 6-60 Modern contraceptive methods   62 ARV treatment India  150 ARV treatment Sub-Saharan Africa   252-547 BCG vaccination of children   48-203 Oral rehydration therapy   1,268 Cholera immunization   3,516    Guttmacher Institute and UNFPA,  Adding it Up: The Costs and Benefits of Investing in Family Planning and Maternal and Newborn Health, 2009

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Dr. j melgar family planning and development

  • 1. Global Rationales & Actual Benefits of Family Planning Junice L.Demeterio-Melgar Training of Medical Educators in Family Planning Silliman University, May 2010
  • 2. Some early FP technology pig intestine condoms Crododile dung pessary weasel’s testicles Oral mercury Gold/silver diaphragm lemon Ian Fortey, Cracked.com
  • 3.
  • 4. Pop theory: too many people consume resources, destroy environment
  • 5. World Pop in 2010: over 7 B
  • 6.
  • 7. Women’s Reproductive Rights: pregnancy can be unwelcome
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. Religious doctrine: all births are blessings
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Medical science: FP as necessary Health service to women
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18. NORPLANT VASECTOMY INJECTABLE FSTERILIZN TCu380AIUD POPbreastfeeding LAM6mos OCP CONDOM DIAPH+SPERMCID FAB FCONDOMS SPERMCID NO METHOD 0-1: Always very effective 2-9: Effective as common- Ly used. Very effective when used correctly & consistently. 10-30: Only somewhat effective as commonly used. Effective when used correctly & consistently (0-1) (2-9) (10-30) Pregnancies per 100 Women in 1 st 12 mos Use Modern Contraceptives: Very Effective WHO, USAID, Bloomberfg, Family Planning A Global Handbook , 2007 COR CON USE TYP USE .1 .15 .3 .5 .8 1 2 6-8 14 20 20 21 26 85 .1 .1 .3 .5 .6 .5 .5 .1 3 6 1-9 5 6 85
  • 19. Contraceptives: in WHO Core List of Essential Medicines Minimum medicine needs for a basic health care system, listing the most efficacious, safe and cost-effective medicines for priority conditions. Priority conditions are selected on the basis of current and estimated future public health relevance, and potential for safe and cost-effective treatment. http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/en/
  • 20. Women Population Church Medical ICPD POA 1994 The Reproductive Health Consensus
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. Goal: enable couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly no.& spacing of their children Ensure informed free choice, is essential to long-term success of FP programs. Coercion, incentives and disincentives, targets & quotas have not worked Governmental goals for FP should be defined in terms of UNMET NEED for information and services. ICPD POA 7.12 FP Program principles
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28. Comparative Cost-Effectiveness of FP Intervention Cost $ per DALY saved Insecticide-treated bednets 3-20 Malaria prevntn for pregnant women 29 TB treatment (epidemic sitns) 6-60 Modern contraceptive methods 62 ARV treatment India 150 ARV treatment Sub-Saharan Africa 252-547 BCG vaccination of children 48-203 Oral rehydration therapy 1,268 Cholera immunization 3,516 Guttmacher Institute and UNFPA, Adding it Up: The Costs and Benefits of Investing in Family Planning and Maternal and Newborn Health, 2009