waste management

1. THE 3 Rs – 1. Recycle
 Saves limited natural
resources
 Prevents greenhouse gas
emissions and water
pollutants
 Saves energy
 Provides raw materials for
industry and creates jobs
 Saves landfill space

2. THE 3 Rs – 2. Waste Reduction
 Make double sided copies.
 Circulate memos, documents and periodicals.
 Use durable cups and silverware.
 Proof-read documents on the computer screen.
 Purchase merchandise with minimal packaging or order
in bulk.
 Read periodicals online.
 Send e-cards.
 Reduce your junk mail by writing to the Direct Marketing
Association at Mail Preference Service, PO Box 9008,
Farmingdale, NY 11735-9008.

3. THE 3 Rs – 3. Reuse
 Reuse envelopes.
 Reuse single-sided paper for scratch
paper.
 Reuse foam peanuts and other packaging
material.
 Use remanufactured or surplus office
equipment.
 Use rechargeable batteries.
 Use rechargeable fax and printer
cartridges.
 Compost grass clippings and food waste.
 Donate toys and other items to charity.

4. WHAT DO THE 3 ARROWS
STAND FOR?
Collection of Recyclables
Manufacturing of the Material
Buy Recycled Products

5. RECYCLED PRODUCT EXAMPLES
 Recycled Paper – tissue and copier
 Crumb tires – playground surfaces
and soaker hoses
 Remanufactured products – toner
cartridges and office furniture
 Re-refined motor oil
 Aluminum and Steel Cans, Glass Bottles
 Plastic Lumber – benches and decks
 EcoSpun Fabric – shirts and carpet

6. WHAT YOU CAN DO TO HELP!
 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
 Buy Recycled Products
 Become involved
 Tell your friends
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME.
ANY QUESTIONS?

7. Waste Types (based on survey of 5 centers)
Infectious Waste: Body tissues, Blood soaked cotton and
gauze pieces and body fluids
Infectious Plastic: Disposable syringes, tubings, IV bottles
and gloves
Sharps: Broken glasses and metal sharps like scalpels and
needles
Average quantity of bio-medical waste/bed/day: 0.075- 0.1Kg
II. General Waste: Packaging material & food waste

8. Exisiting Practices
Waste Segregation:
•Waste is generally mixed in a single bin/bag.
•In some districts waste is being segregated into different
categories.
Waste collection and storage:
•Open bins and drums.
•Bins are not bagged.
•Spills on floor at the time of generation.
•No regular pattern of waste collection and the waste
is collected as and when required.

9. Segregation at Source

10. Existing Practices
Waste Transportation:
•Waste is transported manually from point of
generation to final treatment/disposal site.
•No protective gears are provided to the health care
workers.
•No immunization/accident reporting.
Waste Treatment:
No specific waste treatment pattern is followed except in
2 cases.

11. Existing Practices
Waste Disposal:
 Open dumping of waste around the health care
facilities
 Open burning of waste
 Scavenging of waste by waste sorters and animals
 Furnaces for burning of waste in some PHCs
 In facilities near urban areas waste is being carried
by centralized facility

12. Treatment and disposal methods
observed:
• Encapsulation.
• Pit Disposal.
• Needle Devices – Destroyers/ cutters.
• Small autoclaves.

13. Deep Burial Pit

14. Interventions possible
•Incorporating waste mgmt. into housekeeping
and infection control.
•Raising occupational safety awareness.
•Training and capacity building for better
segregation.
•Resolving transport issues (onsite/offsite
decisions)
•Incorporating safe-easy to use, low operating
cost technologies

15.  PROJECT MADE BY:
 RAGHAV DUGGAL
 4TH
SEMESTER
 YEAR-2010-2011