Principles of Communicative Language Approach with some assumptions that can be applied in a classroom setting

1. Communicative Language
Teaching
Principles of the Communicative Approach
•Goals of Language Teaching
Communicative Competence
Linguistic
Sociolinguistic
Discourse
Strategic

2. Principles of the Communicative
Approach
• How Learners Learn a Language
Meaningful and Purposeful Interaction
Collaborative creation of meaning
Attention to Feedback
Attention to Input

3. Principles of the Communicative
Approach
Krashin’s Theory of Language Acquisition
A- Comprehensible ( Interesting &
Relevant) input
B- Zero Affective Filter Level

4. Principles of the Communicative
Approach
• Classroom Activities that best Facilitate
Learning
Practical Grammatical Competence
Communicative Competence

5. Linguistic Competence
• Roles of Learners in the Classroom
Participate in Cooperative Activities
Comfortable with their Peers and Group
Responsible for Learning

6. Roles of Learners in the
Classroom
• Traditional Roles
Lecturer
Knowledge Giver
• Modern Roles
• Facilitator & monitor
• communicator

7. • Traditional Approaches to Language Teaching
(up to the late 1960s)
• Priority given to grammatical competence
• Accurate Pronunciation and Mastery
• Grammar Learned Through:
– Direct Instruction
– Repetitive Practice
– Drilling
– Memorization of Dialogs
– Question and Answer Practice
– Substitution Drills
– Guided Speaking and Writing Practice

8. Communicative Language Teaching
(1970s to 1990s)
• Alternative Model of a Syllabuses to
Replace Grammar Syllabuses
– Functional Syllabus
– Skills Syllabus
– ESP Approach
• • Alternative Classroom Procedures

9. Implications for Classroom
Methodology
• Real communication the Focus of
Language Learning
• Opportunities to Experiment
• Tolerant of Errors
– Building Communicative Competence
• Opportunities to Develop Accuracy and
Fluency

10. Implications for Classroom
Methodology
• Link Different Skills Together
• – Speaking, Reading, Listening and Writing
• Students Induce or Discover Grammar Rules
• Emphasis on Pair Work and Group Work
• Push for Authenticity

11. Typical Classroom Activities in
CLT
• Fluency Activities:
• – Information-gap Activities
• – jig-Saw Activities
• – Task-Completion Activities
• – Information-Gathering Activities
• – Opinion-Sharing Activities
• – Information-Transfer Activities
• – Reasoning-Gap Activities
• – Role plays

12. Ten Assumptions of Current
Communicative Language Teaching
• 1. Learners Engaged in Interaction and
Meaningful Communication
• 2. Effective Classroom Learning Tasks:
• Negotiate Meaning
• Expand Language Resources
• Notice How Language is Used
• Meaningful Intrapersonal Exchange

13. Ten Assumptions of Current
Communicative Language Teaching
• 3. Meaningful Communication from Relevant,
Purposeful, Interesting, and Engaging Content
• 4. Communication a Holistic Process
• • Use Several Language Skills or Modalities
• 5. Language Learning Facilitated by Activities
• involving:
• • Inductive or Discovery Learning
• • Language Analysis and Reflection

14. Ten Assumptions of Current
Communicative Language Teaching
• 6. Language Learning is Gradual
• Creative Use of Language and Trial and Error
• Errors are Normal while Learning
• Goal is to Use New Language Accurately and Fluently
• 7. Learners Develop their own Routes to Language
Learning, Progress at Different Rates, and Have
Different Needs and Motivations for Language
Learning

15. Ten Assumptions of Current
Communicative Language Teaching
• 8. Effective Learning and Communication Strategies
• 9. Teacher is a Facilitator:
• Climate Conducive to Language Learning
• • Opportunities for Ss to Use and Practice Language
• • Opportunities for Ss to Reflect on Language Use &learning
• 10. The Classroom is a Community where Learners
Collaborate and Share