Keynote on conference Grundfragen Multimedialen Lehren und Lernens, 28-11-2013 Berlin

1. Open Education in Europe:
Trends and Developments
Robert Schuwer

2. Agenda
• Open101
• What is Open Education?
• What is happening around Europe?
• Opportunities for a European approach
Pagina 2

3. OPEN101
CC-BY Hester Jelgerhuis
Pagina 3

4. What are Open Educational Resources?
• Digital, freely available learning materials
• User has four rights
– Reuse: “as is”
– Rework
– Remix
– Redistribute
• Certain conditions
Pagina 4
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jmarty/
Pagina 4

5. Conditions: open licenses
• Creative Commons
CC Naamsvermelding
• Three most used:
CC Attribution (CC BY)
CC Attribution ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)
CC Attribution ShareAlike NonCommercial
(CC BY-NC-SA)
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Pagina 5

6. Pagina 6

7. A MOOC
• Massive: a lot of participants (> Number of
Dunbar)
• Open: Free access
• Online: via the internet
• Course: Unit of offering: course
• A total learning experience
Pagina 7

8. Types of MOOC’s
• cMOOC: Learner centered (Connectivist learning)
– The original
• xMOOC: Teacher centered
– Start of the hype in 2012
• Task-based MOOC: Learner centered
– E.g. ds106.us (digital storytelling)
• More types are developing
Pagina 8

9. Open: a lot of meanings
“classical” openness
– Open admission (no demands for participation)
– Open in pace (no limited period)
– Open in place (everywhere)
– Open in time (no fixed starting date; no cohort)
– Open in program (complete curriculum or some
courses)
– Open for adaptation (freedom for reuse – remix –
rework – redistribute)
– Freely available (no costs)
Pagina 9
(attribution Fred Mulder)
“digital” openness

10. WHAT IS
OPEN EDUCATION?
Pagina 10 http://www.flickr.com/photos/johnspooner/2973385919/

11. What is education?
• More than just resources
• More than canned
lectures
Pagina 11
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ikkoskinen/309087067/

12. The 5COE model of Open Education
Mulder & Janssen
Educational resources
Learner
needs
Employability &
Capabilities Development
Demand
Open
Education
Services
Supply
Teaching efforts
Pagina 12
Source: http://www.surf.nl/en/publicaties/Pages/TrendReportOER2013.aspx

13. Institutional fingerprint of openness
0%
Degree of openness
100%
Learning resources
Services
Teaching efforts
Learner needs
Empl. & Cap. Developm.
Example of institutional profile (all learning resources as OER)
Pagina 13

14. Openness and Open Education supply
Learning resources
•Open in place
•Open in time
•Open in pace
•Open in program
•Open admission
•Freely available
•Open for adaptation:
•Reuse
•Revise
•Remix
•Redistribute
Open
Education
Not for free per se!
Services
Teaching effort

15. Open Educational Resources (OER) /
Open Courseware (OCW)
Learning resources
•Open in place
•Open in time
•Open in pace
•Open in program
•Open admission
•Freely available
•Open for adaptation:
•Reuse
•Revise
•Remix
•Redistribute
OER/
OCW
Services
Teaching effort

16. Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)
Learning resources
•Open in place
•Open in time
•Open in pace
•Open in program
•Open admission
•Freely available
•Open for adaptation:
•Reuse
•Revise
•Remix
•Redistribute
MOOC
•Forum
•Feedback
•Exam
•Certificate
•Teacher
•Tutor
Services
Teaching effort

17. WHAT IS HAPPENING
AROUND EUROPE?
http://farm7.staticflickr.com/6199/6095764449_cf40f5aebb_o.jpg

18. Policies on OER in Europe: some examples
• Source: POERUP
– EU-funded Project
– Policies for OER Uptake
– http://poerup.referata.com/wiki/Countries
• No national initiatives on other elements than OER found
Pagina 18

19. Netherlands
• Netherlands: Wikiwijs program (2008-2013)
– Aims at mainstreaming OER in all educational sectors
– Platform www.wikiwijs.nl
• Minister of Education has announced a policy letter on
open and online education
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20. France
• Several regional initiatives
• No national policy
• National platform for MOOC’s announced (EdX)
Pagina 20
http://www.flickr.com/photos/robinellis/6034997759/sizes/o/ (CC BY-ND)

21. Germany
• National initiatives: primary, secondary and vocational
education
– Lehrer Online
http://www.lehrer-online.de/lehrer-online.php
– Die Virtuelle Schule: http://www.virtuelle-schule.de/
• No national policy
Pagina 21

22. Poland
• National policy: primary, secondary and vocational
education
– Create open textbooks
– 15 organisations involved
Pagina 22
http://www.flickr.com/photos/polandmfa/7367963092/sizes/l/ (CC BY-ND)

23. United Kingdom
• National initiatives
– JISC/HEA OER program (2009-2012)
• Massive creation of OER for HE
• Focus on several fields (e.g. arts&media,
bioscience, business,...)
• Research on OER-related issues
– SCORE (2009-2012)
• Disseminare best practices
– JorumOpen: national repository
Pagina 23
http://www.flickr.com/photos/polandmfa/7367963092/sizes/l/ (CC BY-ND)

24. MOOC platforms in Europe (oktober 2013)
Futurelearn
OpenupEd
Iversity
Alison
Crypt4You
Pagina 24
Source: http://a.tiles.mapbox.com/v3/uvanianaidoo1.map-b815u9pe/page.html#3/16.05/5.10
OpenHPI

25. OpenUpEd: pan European initiative on MOOC
• Initiated by EADTU
• Launched 25 April 2013
• Umbrella: EU-initiative Opening Up Education
• Platform for access to MOOC’s
• Quality label (a.o. Openness to learners, Digital
openness, Learner centered approach, Independent
learning, Media-supported interaction, Recognition
options)
• Currently 174 courses from 11 partners
Pagina 25

26. OpenUpEd: some stats
• Without much marketing efforts:
• Stats since April 25 to 30-09-2013
• 10.5 million hits (last 4 months stable at 1.2 million)
• 125.000 unique visitors (30.000 April & May; since June
15.000)
•
7.750 newsletter registrations
• Most visits from Spain, Italy, Portugal, US
• and another 35-40 countries with significant numbers of
visits
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27. OPPORTUNITIES FOR A
EUROPEAN APPROACH
CC-BY Hester Jelgerhuis
CC-BY Hester Jelgerhuis
Pagina 27

28. Opportunities
• Bologna agreement: European Credit Transfer System
– Recognition for MOOC-based learning elsewhere
• EU Program Opening Up Education
– Stimulus for joint development of open and online
education
• But how to capitalize on this?
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29. OER: no regret for government
• Threefold responsibility for government regarding
education
– Accessible
– Quality
– Efficiency
• In a sustainable manner
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30. OER: iron triangle
Starting situation
Pagina 30
Source: Fred Mulder
Increased efficiency
OER situation

31. FINALLY
Ceterum censeo materia facta tributo oblatum esse gratuito
Pagina 31
http://www.flickr.com/photos/68751915@N05/ CC BY-SA

32. Thank you!
www.robertschuwer.nl
Robert.Schuwer@ou.nl
@fagottissimo
linkedin.com/in/robertschuwer
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