cerebrovascular accident, commonly known as stroke is one of the most common health problems of the world. in the developing world, its increasing incidence is a matter of concern among the health workers across the globe. thus adequate knowledge about this medical condition is a must to deal with it effectively.
4. S.
NO
COMPARISION ISCHEMIC STROKE HEMORRHAGIC STROKE
1. CAUSE ā¢Large artery
thrombosis
ā¢ small penetrating
artery thrombosis
ā¢ Cardiogenic embolic
ā¢ cryptogenic
ā¢others
ā¢Intracerebral
hemorrhage
ā¢Subarachnoid
hemorrhage
ā¢Cerebral aneurysm
ā¢Arteriovenous
malformation
2. SYMPTOMS Numbness or
weakness on one side
of face especially arm
& legs.
Exploding headache.
Decreased LOC
3. FUNCTIONAL
RECOVERY
Plateau at 6 months Plateau at 18 months
5. 1.Large artery thrombotic strokes-
caused by atherosclerotic plaques in
large arteries of brain , resulting in
thrombus formation & occlusion.
2.Small penetrating artery thrombotic
strokes- also called Lacunar stroke,
most common.
6. 1.Embolic strokes- caused by
valvular heart disease & thrombi
in left ventricle, can be prevented
by use of anticoagulants.
2.Cryptogenic strokes- no known
cause.
3.Others- illicit drug use,
coagulopathy, migraine &
7.
8. ā¢Due to obstruction of a blood vessel
ā¢Disruption in cerebral blood flow
ā¢Cellular metabolic events
ā¢Failure of neurons to maintain aerobic respiration
ā¢Mitochondria switch to anaerobic respiration
ā¢Production of lactic acid in large amounts
ā¢Change in ph (ACIDOSIS)
ā¢Inability of neuron to produce adequate energy
ā¢Insufficient fuel for depolarisation
ā¢Cessation of membrane pumps
ā¢Accumulation of calcium & release of glutamate
ā¢Activation of damaging pathways.
9. ā¢Numbness or weakness of face, arm or
leg, especially on one side of body.
ā¢Confusion
ā¢Change in mental status
ā¢Trouble speaking or
understanding speech
ā¢Visual disturbances
ā¢Difficulty in walking,
dizziness or loss of balance
ā¢Sudden severe headache
14. ā¢DOSAGE- 0.9mg/kg with
max. dose 90mg.
ā¢10% of the dose is
administered IV bolus over 1
minute.
ā¢Remaining 90%is
administered over 1 hour.
ā¢Obtain vital signs every 15
min for first 2 hours.