Natural ventilation is the process of supplying and removing air through an indoor space by natural means, meaning without the use of a fan or other mechanical system. It uses outdoor air flow caused by pressure differences between the building and its surrounding to provide ventilation and space cooling.

1. NATURAL VENTILATIONPresentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi1

2. NATURAL VENTILATION IS THE PROCESS OF SUPPLYING AND REMOVING AIR
THROUGH A SPACE BY NATURAL MEANS IT CAN BE ACHIEVED WITH OPENABLE
WINDOWS OR VENTS.
NATURAL VENTILATION AND AIR MOVEMENT CAN BE SIMPLY ACHEVIED BY
‘STRUCTURAL CONTROLS’ AS IT DOES NOT DEPENDS ON ANY FORM OF
EXTERNAL ENERGY SUPPLY OR MECHANICAL INSTALLATION.
WHAT IS NATURAL VENTILATION ?
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 2

3. • THE PURPOSE OF PROVIDING NATURAL VENTILATION IS TO ACHIEVE
MAXIMUM HUMAN COMFORT IN INDOOR BY UTILIZING MAXIMUM
NATURAL ENERGY AND RESOURCES.
WHY NATURAL VENTILATION ?
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi
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4. DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES TO ACHIEVE
NATURAL VENTILATION:-
• STACK EFFECT
• WIND TOWER
• COURTYARD EFFECT
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 4

5. STACK EFFECT :-
STACK EFFECT DEPENDS ON THERMAL FORCES AND DIFFERENCE IN
TEMPERATURE .
REASON OF STACK EFFECT :-
• PRESSURE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OUTSIDE AIR AND THE AIR INSIDE
THE BUILDING CAUSED BY DIFFERENCE IN TEMPERATURE
Outdoor air Outdoor air
Section
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi
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6. STACK VENTILATION SECTIONS :-
TALL ROOMS TALL ROOMS AT EDGE
STAIRS AS STACKTALL ROOMS WITHIN
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi
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7. WIND TOWER
• AIR ENTERS IN WIND TOWER THROUGH OPENINGS- COOLED DOWN- BECOMES
HEAVIER AND SINKS DOWN ( PRESENCE OF AIR MOVEMENT)
• AFTER WHOLE DAY AIR EXCHANGE – TOWER BECOMES WARM IN THE EVENING .
• TOWER WALLS ABSORBS HEAT DURING DAYTIME AND RELASES AT NIGHT WARMING
COOL NIGHT AIR AT NIGHT.
• A TYPICAL WIND
TOWER SECTIONPresentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi
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8. •
EVAPORATIVE COOLING
DIFFERENT TYPES OF WIND TOWERS :-
WATER SUPPLY
MULTI DIRECTIONAL WIND CATCHER
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 8

9. COURTYARD EFFECT:-
DUE TO INCIDENT SOLAR RADIATION IN A COURTYARD, AIR GETS WARMER
AND RISES , COOL AIR FROM GROUND LEVEL FLOWS THROUGH THE LOWER
OPENINGS
RADIATION TO SKY
LANDSCAPE OR WATER BODY
SECTION SHOWING COURTYARD EFFECT Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi
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10. COURTYARDS IN MODERN BUILDINGS :-
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF INDIAN STUDIES (GURGAON):-
VIEW
SUNKEN COURTYARD INSIDE
THE BUILDING WITH WATER
BODY AND LANDSCAPE
PLAN
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi
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11. •NATURAL VENTILATION EXTERNAL FEATURES:-
• ORIENTATION OF BUILDINGS
• POSITION OF OPENINGS
• CROSS VENTILATION
• SIZE OF OPENINGS
• OPENING TYPES
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 11

12. MASSING AND ORIENTATION OF BUILDING:-
• AS A GENERAL RULE, THIN TALL BUILDINGS WILL ENCOURAGE NATURAL
VENTILATION AND UTILIZE PREVAILING WINDS, CROSS VENTILATION, AND
STACK EFFECT.
• TALL BUILDINGS ALSO INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NATURAL
VENTILATION, BECAUSE WIND SPEEDS ARE FASTER AT GREATER HEIGHTS
Tall buildings improve natural
ventilation, and in lower latitudes
reduce sun exposure.
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi
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13. OPENING SIZE:-
Pairing a large outlet with a small inlet
increases incoming wind speed.
SMALL
INLETLARGE
OUTLET
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 13

14. OPENING TYPE:-
OPENING CAN BE ANY TYPE ACCORDING TO THE
BUILDING TYPE AND CLIMATIC CONDITION
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 14

15. CROSS VENTILATION:-
WINDOWS OR VENTS PLACED ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF
THE BUILDING GIVE NATURAL BREEZES A PATHWAY
THROUGH THE STRUCTURE.Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 15

16. VARIOUS TECHNQUES USED FOR NATURAL VENTILATION:-
DOUBLE APERTURES
USED FOR ENSURING
VENTILATION
WINDOW FOR VIEW AND
JALI VENTILATION
COLUMN COURTYARD COOLING SYSTEM-DIWAN E-KHAS, RED FORT, DELHI
•
MULTI-DIRECTIONAL
WINDCATCHER
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi
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17. Natural cooling system of
jaisalmer
• Dense clustering of buildings
• Sun control through
orientation and structural
projections
• Massive construction for roofs
and walls
• Courtyards and other air ducts
for ventilation.
Plan of
jaisalmer Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 17

18. Plan middle income houses in
jaisalmer
• This type of houses have two or three storey
structures and can be considered as the
typical houses of jaisalmer , these have
additional rooms and has a balcony
projecting on to the street.
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 18

19. Streets of jaisalmer
• There are major streets oriented
almost E-W and minor streets
are right angle to these.
• This compact structure of the
housing doesn’t allow the sun
rays to penetrate , and also
serve as device of shading.
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 19

20. SCOPE –
• TO MINIMIZE THE EXTERNAL ENERGY OR MECHANICAL SYSTEM.
• IMPLEMENTATION OF NATURAL VENTILATION SYSTEM- NATURAL DAYLIGHTING CAN BE
PROVIDED.
• THERMAL COMFORT CAN BE ACQUIRED WITH LESS ECONOMICAL
BUDGET
Presentation By- Ar. Roopa Chikkalgi 20