SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 59
Download to read offline
Romanesque and Gothic 
Unit 4 - 2º ESO
1- What was medieval Christianity like? 
The Church affected in every aspect of life: 
● Rites: baptism, marriage, death… 
● Pray in the Church every day. 
● Fast during Lent. 
● Receive communion. 
● Pilgrimage to a holy place. 
● Church bells to regulate peasants’ working hours. 
● Christian calendar. 
● Lands owned by the Church received rents. 
● Tithe. 
● The Crusades.
The Crusades
The Crusades 
The Crusades were a series of wars during the Middle Ages where the Christians of 
Europe tried to retake control of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims. 
Why did they want to control Jerusalem? 
Jerusalem was important to a number of religions during the Middle Ages. It was 
important to Jewish people as it was the site of the original temple to God built by 
King Solomon. It was important to the Muslims because it was where they believe 
Muhammad ascended to heaven. It was important to Christians as it is where Christ 
was crucified and rose again. 
Who fought in the Crusades? 
The Crusades were between the armies of the Europe, mostly the Holy Roman 
Empire, and the Arabs that had control of Jerusalem. 
There were around 30,000 soldiers from Europe in the first Crusade, they were made 
up of Knights, peasants, and other commoners. Some saw the army as a way to get 
rich and try out their fighting skills, while others saw it as a way into heaven.
The Crusades 
Interesting Facts about the Crusades 
● "Deus vult!", meaning "God wills it" was the battle cry of the Crusaders. It came from 
a speech the Pope gave while gathering support for the First Crusade. 
● The symbol of the Crusaders was a red cross. Soldiers wore it on their clothing and 
armor. It was also used on flags and banners. 
● Between the second and the third Crusades, the Teutonic Knights and the Templars 
were formed to help defend Christendom. These were famous groups of Holy Knights.
Activities 
Exercises 1 and 2 on page 39.
Romanesque Art 
11-12th Centuries
2- What was the Romanesque art like? 
● It was a new western art style from the 11th century. 
● It aimed to spread religion and bring people closer to God. 
● The use of symbols was important (everything had a message). 
● In this period, artists were anonymous, not really valued.
Romanesque architecture 
● The most representative buildings were churches, cathedrals and 
monasteries. 
● The main material was stone. 
● Roofs were made of wood at first, then changed into stone (fires). 
● Roman elements were common (barrel vaults, domes, round arches, 
columns, pillars). 
● Walls were thick. 
● Windows were very small (little light). 
● Buildings looked very solid and compact. 
● The churches were usually cruciform (symbol).
Unit 4  - Romanesque and Gothic - 2º eso
Architecture 
Floor plan 
Latin-cross plan
Architecture. Churches. 
San Martín de Frómista (Palencia)
Churches. 
Saint Nectaire, France.
Architecture. Cathedrals. 
Santa María de Ciudad Rodrigo.
Cathedrals. 
Old Cathedral. Salamanca.
Monasteries. 
San Martín de Canigó (France)
Monasteries. 
Santo Domingo de Silos 
(Burgos)
Romanesque sculpture 
● It had an educational and religious function. 
● Size and shape were adapted to fit into the architecture. 
● Sculptures were unrealistic. 
● They were painted in bright colours. 
● Parts of the churches that received more decoration: facades (especially 
tympanums), capitals, and cloisters. 
● Main materials: stone and wood. 
● Main topics: religious.
SCULPTURE 
Free-standing. 
Cristo de Batlló. Virgin and Child
Sculpture. Free-standing 
Christ on the cross. San Isidoro, León.
Sculpture. Reliefs. 
Saint Pierre of Moissac. France. Façade.
Sculpture. Reliefs. 
San Isidoro, León. Façade.
Sculpture. Reliefs. 
Capitals, Arles and Silos.
Romanesque Painting 
● The most important paintings were inside churches. 
● Figures were unrealistic, rigid and schematic. Some were painted much 
bigger to show their importance (symbolic). 
● They were painted in bright colours. 
● Figures were outlined in black. 
● There were no background. 
● There were different types of painting: 
-Mural painting (walls) 
-Panel painting (altars, altarpieces) 
-Miniatures (manuscripts)
PAINTING. Mural Painting. 
San Clemente de Tahull.
PAINTING. Mural Painting. 
San Isidoro de León. Panteón Real.
PAINTING. Panel Painting. 
Frontal de Aviá.
PAINTING. Panel Painting. 
Frontal de la Seu d'Urgell.
PAINTING. Miniatures.
Activities 
Exercise 1 on page 40, and 1 on page 41.
3- How did Europe evolve after the 11th century? 
URBAN CULTURE 
● Renaissance in cities and urban life. 
● Boom in architecture. 
● Nobles and the Church commissioned works of art. 
● Religious orders now decided to create their monasteries or convents 
in the cities. 
THE CREATION OF UNIVERSITIES 
● The kings wanted educated people for their courts. 
● Schools in the cities were either controlled by the church or by the town 
council. 
● Universities started with the desire of independence, not to depend on 
the Church.
Mendicant orders 
What is called the mendicant 
movement in Church history 
took place primarily in the 13th 
century in Western Europe. 
Up until that time the monks of 
Europe worked at their trade in 
their monastery. While 
renouncing personal property, 
they owned all things in common 
as a community. 
There emerged the new 
mendicant orders founded by 
Francis of Assisi (c.1181-1226) 
and Dominic Guzman (c.1170- 
1221).
Homework 
Exercise 1 on page 42.
Gothic Art 
13-15th Centuries
Origin 
At the end of the 12th 
Century the Gothic style of 
art emerged in France. 
After France, it quickly 
spread to Europe. 
As Romanesque art, it had 
an educational and 
religious purpose mainly. 
But in this period civil art 
developed also.
4- What were Gothic sculpture and painting 
like? 
SCULPTURE 
● Religious and educational function. 
● Figures were not adapted to fit architecture. They became independent. 
● Figures were more realistic and natural. 
● Curved lines were popular. They tried to show movement. 
● They tried to express feelings. 
● Stone was the most commonly used material. Wood was also popular. 
The main creations were: 
● Altarpieces 
● Choir stalls 
● Capitals 
● Tombs 
● Gargoyles 
● Facades
Sculpture 
León Cathedral facade
Notre Dame, Paris. Facade.
Gothic 
sculpture
Unit 4  - Romanesque and Gothic - 2º eso
Painting 
In the Gothic style mural painting was less common. It was replaced by stained 
glass windows, except in Italy. 
Miniature continued being popular to illustrate manuscripts. 
Painting on wood became popular later, and altarpieces were painted on 
wood in one or more panels for the churches. 
Religious scenes continued to be the most used, but a new theme appeared, the 
portrait. 
Main features: 
● Bright colours 
● Use of gold 
● Background landscapes 
● Greater realism and movement
Painting. Miniatures.
Panel painting. Altarpiece.
Painting
Panel Painting.
Stained glass windows 
rose window
5- What was Gothic architecture like? 
The Cathedral was the most representative building. It was the centre of the 
city. Religious services were held there. But they had other civil functions 
before town halls were built. Guilds and municipal councils met there. 
New architectural techniques: 
● Pointed arch 
● Rib vault 
● Pillars 
● Flying buttresses 
● Thin walls and very high 
● Big windows (stained glass and rose 
windows in bright colours) 
● Latin cross plan, polygonal apse 
● Central nave higher and bigger
Unit 4  - Romanesque and Gothic - 2º eso
Unit 4  - Romanesque and Gothic - 2º eso
Architecture. 
Cathedrals. León.
León.
Burgos
Toledo
Chartres Cathedral
Unit 4  - Romanesque and Gothic - 2º eso
Civil architecture. Town halls. 
Bruselas Lovaina
Universities. Cambridge.
Markets (Lonjas) 
Valencia 
Palma de Mallorca
Activities 
Exercise 1 on page 44, and 1-2 on page 45. 
Exercise 3 on page 46. 
Exercise 5 on page 47.

More Related Content

What's hot

Renaissance- architects, influences, works
Renaissance- architects, influences, worksRenaissance- architects, influences, works
Renaissance- architects, influences, worksJohn Marion Palameña
 
Romanesque
RomanesqueRomanesque
Romanesquealnugar
 
gothic architecture
gothic architecturegothic architecture
gothic architectureAysha Asaad
 
Architecture (French Gothic , English Gothic and Baroque)
Architecture (French Gothic , English Gothic and Baroque)Architecture (French Gothic , English Gothic and Baroque)
Architecture (French Gothic , English Gothic and Baroque)Tapaswini Mohanty
 
HISTORY: Gothic Architecture
HISTORY: Gothic ArchitectureHISTORY: Gothic Architecture
HISTORY: Gothic ArchitectureArchiEducPH
 
TEMA3. ARTE PALEOCRISTIANO Y BIZANTINO.
TEMA3. ARTE PALEOCRISTIANO Y BIZANTINO. TEMA3. ARTE PALEOCRISTIANO Y BIZANTINO.
TEMA3. ARTE PALEOCRISTIANO Y BIZANTINO. @evasociales
 
Medieval Art - Art History Survey
Medieval Art - Art History SurveyMedieval Art - Art History Survey
Medieval Art - Art History SurveyPaige Prater
 
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
GOTHIC ARCHITECTUREGOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
GOTHIC ARCHITECTUREKymie Perez
 
Tema 8: ARTE GÓTICO: ESCULTURA Y PINTURA
Tema 8: ARTE GÓTICO: ESCULTURA Y PINTURATema 8: ARTE GÓTICO: ESCULTURA Y PINTURA
Tema 8: ARTE GÓTICO: ESCULTURA Y PINTURATeresa Pérez
 
12 arquitectura prerrománica
12 arquitectura prerrománica12 arquitectura prerrománica
12 arquitectura prerrománicaManuelAGuerra
 
Renaissance Architecture
Renaissance ArchitectureRenaissance Architecture
Renaissance ArchitectureAngel Roselin
 
Baroque and Roccoco
Baroque and RoccocoBaroque and Roccoco
Baroque and RoccocoPurnoor Khan
 

What's hot (20)

Renaissance- architects, influences, works
Renaissance- architects, influences, worksRenaissance- architects, influences, works
Renaissance- architects, influences, works
 
Romanesque art
Romanesque artRomanesque art
Romanesque art
 
Romanesque
RomanesqueRomanesque
Romanesque
 
Gothic art
Gothic artGothic art
Gothic art
 
Baroque & Rococo
Baroque & RococoBaroque & Rococo
Baroque & Rococo
 
Neoclassicism in architecture
Neoclassicism in architectureNeoclassicism in architecture
Neoclassicism in architecture
 
gothic architecture
gothic architecturegothic architecture
gothic architecture
 
Architecture (French Gothic , English Gothic and Baroque)
Architecture (French Gothic , English Gothic and Baroque)Architecture (French Gothic , English Gothic and Baroque)
Architecture (French Gothic , English Gothic and Baroque)
 
HISTORY: Gothic Architecture
HISTORY: Gothic ArchitectureHISTORY: Gothic Architecture
HISTORY: Gothic Architecture
 
ROCOCO AND BAROQUE
ROCOCO AND BAROQUE ROCOCO AND BAROQUE
ROCOCO AND BAROQUE
 
TEMA3. ARTE PALEOCRISTIANO Y BIZANTINO.
TEMA3. ARTE PALEOCRISTIANO Y BIZANTINO. TEMA3. ARTE PALEOCRISTIANO Y BIZANTINO.
TEMA3. ARTE PALEOCRISTIANO Y BIZANTINO.
 
Medieval Art - Art History Survey
Medieval Art - Art History SurveyMedieval Art - Art History Survey
Medieval Art - Art History Survey
 
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
GOTHIC ARCHITECTUREGOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
 
Renaissance
RenaissanceRenaissance
Renaissance
 
Tema 8: ARTE GÓTICO: ESCULTURA Y PINTURA
Tema 8: ARTE GÓTICO: ESCULTURA Y PINTURATema 8: ARTE GÓTICO: ESCULTURA Y PINTURA
Tema 8: ARTE GÓTICO: ESCULTURA Y PINTURA
 
12 arquitectura prerrománica
12 arquitectura prerrománica12 arquitectura prerrománica
12 arquitectura prerrománica
 
Medieval arts
Medieval  artsMedieval  arts
Medieval arts
 
Renaissance Architecture
Renaissance ArchitectureRenaissance Architecture
Renaissance Architecture
 
Gothic architecture
Gothic architectureGothic architecture
Gothic architecture
 
Baroque and Roccoco
Baroque and RoccocoBaroque and Roccoco
Baroque and Roccoco
 

Similar to Unit 4 - Romanesque and Gothic - 2º eso (20)

Unit4.art in the middle ages
Unit4.art in the middle agesUnit4.art in the middle ages
Unit4.art in the middle ages
 
Romanesque Art
Romanesque ArtRomanesque Art
Romanesque Art
 
7
77
7
 
jkl
jkljkl
jkl
 
Gothic Art
Gothic ArtGothic Art
Gothic Art
 
Gothic Art
Gothic ArtGothic Art
Gothic Art
 
Romanesque art
Romanesque artRomanesque art
Romanesque art
 
Middle ages
Middle agesMiddle ages
Middle ages
 
Romanesque
RomanesqueRomanesque
Romanesque
 
Early renaissance a new era
Early renaissance  a new eraEarly renaissance  a new era
Early renaissance a new era
 
Romanesque Art
Romanesque ArtRomanesque Art
Romanesque Art
 
Romanesque Art
Romanesque ArtRomanesque Art
Romanesque Art
 
01 Proto Renaissance
01 Proto Renaissance01 Proto Renaissance
01 Proto Renaissance
 
Romanesque
RomanesqueRomanesque
Romanesque
 
Art History Medieval Christendom
Art History Medieval ChristendomArt History Medieval Christendom
Art History Medieval Christendom
 
Romanesque art
Romanesque artRomanesque art
Romanesque art
 
Romanesque art
Romanesque artRomanesque art
Romanesque art
 
Romanesque art
Romanesque artRomanesque art
Romanesque art
 
Romanesque art
Romanesque artRomanesque art
Romanesque art
 
Romanesque Architecture
Romanesque ArchitectureRomanesque Architecture
Romanesque Architecture
 

More from Rocío G.

UNIT 5 Imperialism, war and revolution.pptx
UNIT 5 Imperialism, war and revolution.pptxUNIT 5 Imperialism, war and revolution.pptx
UNIT 5 Imperialism, war and revolution.pptxRocío G.
 
Historia de Roma_Cultura Clásica 2º ESO_
Historia de Roma_Cultura Clásica 2º ESO_Historia de Roma_Cultura Clásica 2º ESO_
Historia de Roma_Cultura Clásica 2º ESO_Rocío G.
 
Tema 11 - Civilización griega
Tema 11 - Civilización griegaTema 11 - Civilización griega
Tema 11 - Civilización griegaRocío G.
 
3.4. Sociedad, política, eco, vida cot.pptx
3.4. Sociedad, política, eco, vida cot.pptx3.4. Sociedad, política, eco, vida cot.pptx
3.4. Sociedad, política, eco, vida cot.pptxRocío G.
 
TALLER DE PREHISTORIA - ARTE
TALLER DE PREHISTORIA - ARTETALLER DE PREHISTORIA - ARTE
TALLER DE PREHISTORIA - ARTERocío G.
 
Renaissance Unit 7
Renaissance Unit 7Renaissance Unit 7
Renaissance Unit 7Rocío G.
 
U.D. 6 Sector Primario
U.D. 6 Sector PrimarioU.D. 6 Sector Primario
U.D. 6 Sector PrimarioRocío G.
 
2º Bil - Unit 6
2º Bil - Unit 62º Bil - Unit 6
2º Bil - Unit 6Rocío G.
 
Russian revolution
Russian revolutionRussian revolution
Russian revolutionRocío G.
 
Finlandia 2022 e+
Finlandia 2022 e+Finlandia 2022 e+
Finlandia 2022 e+Rocío G.
 
Resumen CRIE 2º ESO IESO LA POLA
Resumen CRIE 2º ESO IESO LA POLAResumen CRIE 2º ESO IESO LA POLA
Resumen CRIE 2º ESO IESO LA POLARocío G.
 
Unit 5 - The Iberian peninsula between the 13th and 15th centuries
Unit 5 - The Iberian peninsula between the 13th and 15th centuriesUnit 5 - The Iberian peninsula between the 13th and 15th centuries
Unit 5 - The Iberian peninsula between the 13th and 15th centuriesRocío G.
 
Tema 5 - Climas y paisajes
Tema 5 - Climas y paisajesTema 5 - Climas y paisajes
Tema 5 - Climas y paisajesRocío G.
 
Como hacer e interpretar un hidrograma
Como hacer e interpretar un hidrogramaComo hacer e interpretar un hidrograma
Como hacer e interpretar un hidrogramaRocío G.
 
Unit 3 - MEDIEVAL CITIES - 2º ESO bil
Unit 3 - MEDIEVAL CITIES - 2º ESO bilUnit 3 - MEDIEVAL CITIES - 2º ESO bil
Unit 3 - MEDIEVAL CITIES - 2º ESO bilRocío G.
 
Unit 2 Feudalism
Unit 2 FeudalismUnit 2 Feudalism
Unit 2 FeudalismRocío G.
 
Unit 1 The Early Middle Ages
Unit 1 The Early Middle AgesUnit 1 The Early Middle Ages
Unit 1 The Early Middle AgesRocío G.
 
Tema 10 Primeras civilizaciones
Tema 10 Primeras civilizacionesTema 10 Primeras civilizaciones
Tema 10 Primeras civilizacionesRocío G.
 
Tema 9 - Prehistoria
Tema 9 - PrehistoriaTema 9 - Prehistoria
Tema 9 - PrehistoriaRocío G.
 
3.2 Historia de Roma
3.2 Historia de Roma3.2 Historia de Roma
3.2 Historia de RomaRocío G.
 

More from Rocío G. (20)

UNIT 5 Imperialism, war and revolution.pptx
UNIT 5 Imperialism, war and revolution.pptxUNIT 5 Imperialism, war and revolution.pptx
UNIT 5 Imperialism, war and revolution.pptx
 
Historia de Roma_Cultura Clásica 2º ESO_
Historia de Roma_Cultura Clásica 2º ESO_Historia de Roma_Cultura Clásica 2º ESO_
Historia de Roma_Cultura Clásica 2º ESO_
 
Tema 11 - Civilización griega
Tema 11 - Civilización griegaTema 11 - Civilización griega
Tema 11 - Civilización griega
 
3.4. Sociedad, política, eco, vida cot.pptx
3.4. Sociedad, política, eco, vida cot.pptx3.4. Sociedad, política, eco, vida cot.pptx
3.4. Sociedad, política, eco, vida cot.pptx
 
TALLER DE PREHISTORIA - ARTE
TALLER DE PREHISTORIA - ARTETALLER DE PREHISTORIA - ARTE
TALLER DE PREHISTORIA - ARTE
 
Renaissance Unit 7
Renaissance Unit 7Renaissance Unit 7
Renaissance Unit 7
 
U.D. 6 Sector Primario
U.D. 6 Sector PrimarioU.D. 6 Sector Primario
U.D. 6 Sector Primario
 
2º Bil - Unit 6
2º Bil - Unit 62º Bil - Unit 6
2º Bil - Unit 6
 
Russian revolution
Russian revolutionRussian revolution
Russian revolution
 
Finlandia 2022 e+
Finlandia 2022 e+Finlandia 2022 e+
Finlandia 2022 e+
 
Resumen CRIE 2º ESO IESO LA POLA
Resumen CRIE 2º ESO IESO LA POLAResumen CRIE 2º ESO IESO LA POLA
Resumen CRIE 2º ESO IESO LA POLA
 
Unit 5 - The Iberian peninsula between the 13th and 15th centuries
Unit 5 - The Iberian peninsula between the 13th and 15th centuriesUnit 5 - The Iberian peninsula between the 13th and 15th centuries
Unit 5 - The Iberian peninsula between the 13th and 15th centuries
 
Tema 5 - Climas y paisajes
Tema 5 - Climas y paisajesTema 5 - Climas y paisajes
Tema 5 - Climas y paisajes
 
Como hacer e interpretar un hidrograma
Como hacer e interpretar un hidrogramaComo hacer e interpretar un hidrograma
Como hacer e interpretar un hidrograma
 
Unit 3 - MEDIEVAL CITIES - 2º ESO bil
Unit 3 - MEDIEVAL CITIES - 2º ESO bilUnit 3 - MEDIEVAL CITIES - 2º ESO bil
Unit 3 - MEDIEVAL CITIES - 2º ESO bil
 
Unit 2 Feudalism
Unit 2 FeudalismUnit 2 Feudalism
Unit 2 Feudalism
 
Unit 1 The Early Middle Ages
Unit 1 The Early Middle AgesUnit 1 The Early Middle Ages
Unit 1 The Early Middle Ages
 
Tema 10 Primeras civilizaciones
Tema 10 Primeras civilizacionesTema 10 Primeras civilizaciones
Tema 10 Primeras civilizaciones
 
Tema 9 - Prehistoria
Tema 9 - PrehistoriaTema 9 - Prehistoria
Tema 9 - Prehistoria
 
3.2 Historia de Roma
3.2 Historia de Roma3.2 Historia de Roma
3.2 Historia de Roma
 

Recently uploaded

How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
How to Filter Blank Lines in Odoo 17 Accounting
How to Filter Blank Lines in Odoo 17 AccountingHow to Filter Blank Lines in Odoo 17 Accounting
How to Filter Blank Lines in Odoo 17 AccountingCeline George
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxraviapr7
 
General views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepGeneral views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepobaje godwin sunday
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?TechSoup
 
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxDr. Santhosh Kumar. N
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.EnglishCEIPdeSigeiro
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapitolTechU
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational PhilosophyShuvankar Madhu
 
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17Celine George
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxAditiChauhan701637
 
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptxmary850239
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxPatterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxMYDA ANGELICA SUAN
 
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptxPractical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptxKatherine Villaluna
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICESayali Powar
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxSaurabhParmar42
 

Recently uploaded (20)

How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
 
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
 
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdfDiploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
How to Filter Blank Lines in Odoo 17 Accounting
How to Filter Blank Lines in Odoo 17 AccountingHow to Filter Blank Lines in Odoo 17 Accounting
How to Filter Blank Lines in Odoo 17 Accounting
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
 
General views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepGeneral views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and step
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
 
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
 
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
 
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdfPersonal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
 
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
 
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxPatterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
 
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptxPractical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
 

Unit 4 - Romanesque and Gothic - 2º eso

  • 1. Romanesque and Gothic Unit 4 - 2º ESO
  • 2. 1- What was medieval Christianity like? The Church affected in every aspect of life: ● Rites: baptism, marriage, death… ● Pray in the Church every day. ● Fast during Lent. ● Receive communion. ● Pilgrimage to a holy place. ● Church bells to regulate peasants’ working hours. ● Christian calendar. ● Lands owned by the Church received rents. ● Tithe. ● The Crusades.
  • 4. The Crusades The Crusades were a series of wars during the Middle Ages where the Christians of Europe tried to retake control of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims. Why did they want to control Jerusalem? Jerusalem was important to a number of religions during the Middle Ages. It was important to Jewish people as it was the site of the original temple to God built by King Solomon. It was important to the Muslims because it was where they believe Muhammad ascended to heaven. It was important to Christians as it is where Christ was crucified and rose again. Who fought in the Crusades? The Crusades were between the armies of the Europe, mostly the Holy Roman Empire, and the Arabs that had control of Jerusalem. There were around 30,000 soldiers from Europe in the first Crusade, they were made up of Knights, peasants, and other commoners. Some saw the army as a way to get rich and try out their fighting skills, while others saw it as a way into heaven.
  • 5. The Crusades Interesting Facts about the Crusades ● "Deus vult!", meaning "God wills it" was the battle cry of the Crusaders. It came from a speech the Pope gave while gathering support for the First Crusade. ● The symbol of the Crusaders was a red cross. Soldiers wore it on their clothing and armor. It was also used on flags and banners. ● Between the second and the third Crusades, the Teutonic Knights and the Templars were formed to help defend Christendom. These were famous groups of Holy Knights.
  • 6. Activities Exercises 1 and 2 on page 39.
  • 8. 2- What was the Romanesque art like? ● It was a new western art style from the 11th century. ● It aimed to spread religion and bring people closer to God. ● The use of symbols was important (everything had a message). ● In this period, artists were anonymous, not really valued.
  • 9. Romanesque architecture ● The most representative buildings were churches, cathedrals and monasteries. ● The main material was stone. ● Roofs were made of wood at first, then changed into stone (fires). ● Roman elements were common (barrel vaults, domes, round arches, columns, pillars). ● Walls were thick. ● Windows were very small (little light). ● Buildings looked very solid and compact. ● The churches were usually cruciform (symbol).
  • 11. Architecture Floor plan Latin-cross plan
  • 12. Architecture. Churches. San Martín de Frómista (Palencia)
  • 14. Architecture. Cathedrals. Santa María de Ciudad Rodrigo.
  • 16. Monasteries. San Martín de Canigó (France)
  • 17. Monasteries. Santo Domingo de Silos (Burgos)
  • 18. Romanesque sculpture ● It had an educational and religious function. ● Size and shape were adapted to fit into the architecture. ● Sculptures were unrealistic. ● They were painted in bright colours. ● Parts of the churches that received more decoration: facades (especially tympanums), capitals, and cloisters. ● Main materials: stone and wood. ● Main topics: religious.
  • 19. SCULPTURE Free-standing. Cristo de Batlló. Virgin and Child
  • 20. Sculpture. Free-standing Christ on the cross. San Isidoro, León.
  • 21. Sculpture. Reliefs. Saint Pierre of Moissac. France. Façade.
  • 22. Sculpture. Reliefs. San Isidoro, León. Façade.
  • 23. Sculpture. Reliefs. Capitals, Arles and Silos.
  • 24. Romanesque Painting ● The most important paintings were inside churches. ● Figures were unrealistic, rigid and schematic. Some were painted much bigger to show their importance (symbolic). ● They were painted in bright colours. ● Figures were outlined in black. ● There were no background. ● There were different types of painting: -Mural painting (walls) -Panel painting (altars, altarpieces) -Miniatures (manuscripts)
  • 25. PAINTING. Mural Painting. San Clemente de Tahull.
  • 26. PAINTING. Mural Painting. San Isidoro de León. Panteón Real.
  • 27. PAINTING. Panel Painting. Frontal de Aviá.
  • 28. PAINTING. Panel Painting. Frontal de la Seu d'Urgell.
  • 30. Activities Exercise 1 on page 40, and 1 on page 41.
  • 31. 3- How did Europe evolve after the 11th century? URBAN CULTURE ● Renaissance in cities and urban life. ● Boom in architecture. ● Nobles and the Church commissioned works of art. ● Religious orders now decided to create their monasteries or convents in the cities. THE CREATION OF UNIVERSITIES ● The kings wanted educated people for their courts. ● Schools in the cities were either controlled by the church or by the town council. ● Universities started with the desire of independence, not to depend on the Church.
  • 32. Mendicant orders What is called the mendicant movement in Church history took place primarily in the 13th century in Western Europe. Up until that time the monks of Europe worked at their trade in their monastery. While renouncing personal property, they owned all things in common as a community. There emerged the new mendicant orders founded by Francis of Assisi (c.1181-1226) and Dominic Guzman (c.1170- 1221).
  • 33. Homework Exercise 1 on page 42.
  • 34. Gothic Art 13-15th Centuries
  • 35. Origin At the end of the 12th Century the Gothic style of art emerged in France. After France, it quickly spread to Europe. As Romanesque art, it had an educational and religious purpose mainly. But in this period civil art developed also.
  • 36. 4- What were Gothic sculpture and painting like? SCULPTURE ● Religious and educational function. ● Figures were not adapted to fit architecture. They became independent. ● Figures were more realistic and natural. ● Curved lines were popular. They tried to show movement. ● They tried to express feelings. ● Stone was the most commonly used material. Wood was also popular. The main creations were: ● Altarpieces ● Choir stalls ● Capitals ● Tombs ● Gargoyles ● Facades
  • 41. Painting In the Gothic style mural painting was less common. It was replaced by stained glass windows, except in Italy. Miniature continued being popular to illustrate manuscripts. Painting on wood became popular later, and altarpieces were painted on wood in one or more panels for the churches. Religious scenes continued to be the most used, but a new theme appeared, the portrait. Main features: ● Bright colours ● Use of gold ● Background landscapes ● Greater realism and movement
  • 46. Stained glass windows rose window
  • 47. 5- What was Gothic architecture like? The Cathedral was the most representative building. It was the centre of the city. Religious services were held there. But they had other civil functions before town halls were built. Guilds and municipal councils met there. New architectural techniques: ● Pointed arch ● Rib vault ● Pillars ● Flying buttresses ● Thin walls and very high ● Big windows (stained glass and rose windows in bright colours) ● Latin cross plan, polygonal apse ● Central nave higher and bigger
  • 56. Civil architecture. Town halls. Bruselas Lovaina
  • 58. Markets (Lonjas) Valencia Palma de Mallorca
  • 59. Activities Exercise 1 on page 44, and 1-2 on page 45. Exercise 3 on page 46. Exercise 5 on page 47.