1. The GMD/KMT :Leadership, Ideology,
Policies
Learning Objective: To explain how
GMD policies were connected to
ideology
Relevant readings: Lynch pg 41-44

2.  1. Was Yuan Shikai the first warlord? Argument
for x2
 2. Historian saying Yuan Shikai was the first
warlord?
 3. Argument that Yuan Shikai was not the first
warlord? X2
 4. Historian saying Warlord era no connection to
previous Taiping armies
 5. Describe the Warlord era in 3 words
 6. How could the Warlord era be interpreted in a
more positive light?

3.  In 1911, Sun Yat-sen had been
briefly president before abdicating
in favour of Yuan Shikai
 Sun Yat-sen (Sun Yixian)
• Founded Kuomindang (KMT) –
Nationalist party
• Benefits from May 4th
Movement
• Reforms the party in 1919
• Outlines 3 principles of the
people in speech at Guangzhou
in 1923

4. 1. Reunification, sovereign state, people’s
welfare, military power, nationalist
2. Military power, reunification
3. Reunification, nationalism
4.

5. Book published by Sun Yat-sen before his
death in 1925
1. Principle of Mínquán
 Democracy – the people are sovereign
2. Principle of Mínzú
 Nationalism – an end to foreign imperialism
3. Principle of Mínshēng
 Livelihood – economic development,
industrialization, land reform, and social welfare –
elements of progressivism and socialism

6. 1.Discussion with regional leaders
2.revolution, military reform, diplomacy
3.Regional leaders, links to Soviet Regime
4. Builds up financial base, emphasis on
military power, cooperation with regional
leaders, Soviets and CCP,

7.  Develops financial structure
 Creation of the Whampoa military academy 1924 (and
other branches in Nanjing and Chengdu)
 SYS travels to see regional leaders several times-
prelude to reunification
 Chiang Kai-Shek is a product both of Soviet training and
Whampoa
 Cooperation with Comintern
 Cooperation with CCP and membership of both parties
allowed BUT leadership structures kept apart so
communist leaders NOT given leadership role in
Nationalist party