Sustainable Approach Of Recycling Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Integrated Biofilm Membrane Filtration System For Internal Plant Usage (2nd Presentation)
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In Malaysia, oil palm is a very significant crop. In the worldwide, the biggest palm oil exporter and producer is Indonesia and Malaysia is the 2nd exporter and producer. the production of crude palm oil (CPO) was increased significantly from 92,000 tonnes in year 1960 to 17.6 million tonnes in year 2009, The process to extract the palm oil needs massive and huge water quantity to sterilize the fresh fruit bunches (FFB) and clarify the extracted oil.
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Sustainable Approach Of Recycling Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Integrated Biofilm Membrane Filtration System For Internal Plant Usage (2nd Presentation)
- 1. Sustainable Approach Of Recycling Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Integrated Biofilm Membrane Filtration System For Internal Plant Usage Student : Sajjad Khudhur Abbas P81540 Supervisor: Dr. Teow Yeit Haan Co-supervisor: Prof. Abdul Wahab bin Mohammad Research Title By
- 2. In Malaysia, oil palm is a very significant crop. In the worldwide, the biggest palm oil exporter and producer is Indonesia and Malaysia is the 2nd exporter and producer. the production of crude palm oil (CPO) was increased significantly from 92,000 tonnes in year 1960 to 17.6 million tonnes in year 2009, The process to extract the palm oil needs massive and huge water quantity to sterilize the fresh fruit bunches (FFB) and clarify the extracted oil. Palm Oil Production
- 3. Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) 95-96% of water 0.6-0.7% of oil 2-4% of suspended solids POME highest sources Clarifier sludge hydro cyclone sterilizer condensation
- 4. POME impact (Ma A. N., 2000) (Singh G. a., 1999) the stocks of local fish in lakes and rivers are declining bathing and water sources turned into brown colour smelt foul Fresh POME Acidic Colloidal Suspension Hot Brownish High Solids Amount (40,000 mg/l) COD (50,000 mg/l) BOD (25,000 mg/l) ref
- 5. Parameter Parameter limits (second schedule) Unit Ammonia nitrogen 20 mg/l Oil and grease 10 mg/l Suspended solids 100 mg/l Chemical oxygen demand (COD) 200 mg/l Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD, 3 days, 30 °C) 50 mg/l POME discharge Standards ACCEPTABLE CONDITIONS OF Effluent DISCHARGE OF STANDARDS refDOE
- 6. Problem Statement Briefly, the highly polluted wastewater is causing a severe pollution to the : Waterways Aquatic Habitats Impacted Human Health Affected Aquatic Life
- 7. POME biological treatment (by media) ‘ the process’ Swimming Attachment EPS Feeding Decomposition Treatment Process
- 8. Biofilm treatment has many advantages compared to conventional POME treatment methods such as : Features Resilience To The Environmental Changes Reduced Hydraulic Retention Time Low Space Required Flexibility In The Treatment Operation ref(Lazarova V. a., 2000)
- 9. Biofilm Complex Structured Community Of Micro-organism Cells Densely Crowded Adhered To Surface ref (Takriff, 2014)
- 10. the feasibility of integrated biofilm treatment/membrane filtration process in producing recyclable and reusable water. Objectives To investigate : the optimum operating conditions of biofilm treatment.
- 11. Employing biofilm bacteria to treat POME to gain high treatment efficiency and producing treated POME with possible low COD range. Scope
- 12. Media Characteristics Black Media Hexafilter Media Appearance Material Polypropylene Polyethylene Density (kg/m3) 0.888 1.034 Specific surface area (m2/m3) 450 320 Surface area (mm2) 1400 1460 Mass (g) 0.654 1.034 Height (mm) 10 12
- 13. Process overflow Biofilm Acclimatization POME Biological Treatment Membrane Treatment
- 14. 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 COD(mg/L) Time (Day) COD vs Time COD 'hexafilter' COD 'Black' % reduction Day Hexafilter Black media 1 0% 0% 3 44% 46% 5 48% 50% 7 53% 55% 9 56% 56% 11 63% 56% 13 67% 56% 15 67% 58% 17 63% 60% 19 64% 62% 21 64% 63% 23 63% 63% 25 67% 55% 27 67% 55% Biofilm Acclimatization COD vs Time
- 15. 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 MLSS(gm) Time (Day) MLSS vs Time Hexafilter Black media % Reduction Day Hexafilter Black media 1 0% 0% 3 (+) 24% (+)8% 5 19% 13% 7 46% 28% 9 68% 50% 11 72% 51% 13 75% 55% 15 78% 65% 17 73% 74% 19 70% 73% 21 75% 75% 23 80% 76% 25 73% 81% 27 74% 83% Biofilm Acclimatization MLSS vs Time
- 16. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 Turbidity(NTU) Time (day) Turbidity vs Time Hexafilter Black media % Reduction Day Hexafilter Black media 1 0% 0% 3 70% 73% 5 82% 77% 7 91% 80% 9 95% 84% 11 96% 90% 13 97% 92% 15 97% 95% 17 97% 97% 19 96% 97% 21 97% 98% 23 97% 98% 25 98% 99% 27 98% 99.5% Biofilm Acclimatization Turbidity vs Time
- 17. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 NH3-N(mg/L) Time (Day) Ammonia range vs Time Hexafilter Black media % Reduction Day Hexafilter Black media 1 0% 0% 3 64% 66% 5 68% 70% 7 70% 73% 9 75% 76% 11 77% 78% 13 77% 78% 15 79% 82% 17 80% 84% 19 88% 91% 21 88% 90% 23 89% 89% 25 91% 92% 27 91% 94% Biofilm Acclimatization Ammonia vs Time
- 18. Parameters Unit Value COD mgl 4310 Turbidity NTU 879.7 pH mgl 5.681 MLSS gm 0.011 Ammonia mgl 380 Temperature °C 25.1 Dissolved oxygen mgl 0.88 TSS mgl 4000 Hexafilter Black media Properties 24 hr. 48 hr. 72 hr. 24 hr. 48 hr. 72 hr. COD 2150 1740 2320 2480 2340 1860 TSS 230 370 200 170 440 340 MLSS 0.0032 0.0053 0.0036 0.0037 0.0054 0.004 DO 0.6 0.77 0.95 0.86 0.59 0.74 Ammonia 410 477 475 228 215 289 Turbidity 98.6 137 69.33 90.65 168 113.52 pH 7.149 5.791 6.125 7.959 6.957 6.003 Biological Treatment Stage High COD range Before After
- 19. Parameters Unit Value COD mgl 1450 Turbidity NTU 87.9 pH mgl 8.021 MLSS gm 0.006 Ammonia mgl 101 Temperature °C 25.7 Dissolved oxygen mgl 2.03 TSS mgl 290 Hexafilter Black media Properties 24 hr. 48 hr. 72 hr. 24 hr. 48 hr. 72 hr. COD 760 1130 850 690 910 1040 TSS 140 420 405 340 470 410 MLSS 0.0031 0.0025 0.0025 0.0035 0.0026 0.0032 DO 1.88 2.49 2.71 2.38 1.79 2.57 Ammonia 93 100 107 102 86 93 Turbidity 140 122 93 130 111 76 pH 7.258 7.422 7.651 7.654 7.973 7.855 Biological Treatment Stage Low COD range Before After
- 20. PropertiesTechnology Value Units COD 923 mg/l TSS 409.5 mg/l MLSS 0.003 mg/l DO 2.6 mg/l Ammonia 98 mg/l Turbidity 80 NTU pH 7.81 - PropertiesTechnology Value Standards Units COD 19 200 mg/l TSS 0 100 mg/l MLSS 0.0003 - mg/l DO 4.44 - mg/l Ammonia 1.19 20 mg/l Turbidity 0.381 - NTU pH 6.473 - - Membrane Treatment Stage Before After
- 21. Black Media Biofilm carriers at the 2nd day of the bacteria growth stage Bacteria growth after 15 days at the media surface Bacteria growth after one month at the media surface Footages from different sections Footage (Black Media)
- 22. Hexafilter Media Biofilm carriers at the 2nd day of the bacteria growth stage Bacteria growth after 15 days at the media surface Bacteria growth after one month at the media surface Footages from different sections Footage (Black Media)
- 23. Footage (Treated POME samples )
- 25. CONCLUSION surface area crimpy surface narrow corners Mixing Moisture NF membrane Points
- 26. 1. Series reactors 2. Sedimentation system 3. Catalyst 4. Fixed temperature 5. Deep reactor for biofilm growth stage 6. Short depth reactor for POME treatment stage 7. Closed system 8. Treatment age not longer than 24 hours 9. Using media with high surface area Recommendations Using :
- 27. Q & A
- 28. Thank You