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NGN & IMS
1.
The Core Network
NGN & IMS Samuel Dratwa Samuel.dratwa@gmail.com Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
2.
Agenda
Why do we need NGN ? What is NGN ? What is IMS What is the different between IMS & NGN The Transport layer IPv6 The Control layer (core) IMS Policies / PCRF The Service layer M2M Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
3.
Network topology today
BT – 21cn Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
4.
Converged network
BT – 21cn Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
5.
The Dream Carrier
Network HD TV Business, Voice/Video TVoD, VoD ERP Telephony Voice Services gateway Business Video Video Services Source Source Business Access Carrier Network Mobile Access Residential Internet Triple-Play Access Networks The Dream Carrier Network - All traffic converges into one network - Connectivity to Services, Applications, Other Sites, The Internet - With the necessary Quality of Service and Security Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
6.
A Next Generation
Network We must Rebuild the Networks Common service delivery infrastructure Standardised, open interfaces Seamless service delivery Single packet infrastructure for media and control Rich, multimedia services Simpler network Separation of control, apps and subscription Faster delivery of services Interfaces with the access network Access independence Advantage for “pipe” owners Many multimedia applications single end-user experience. Deliver to any access type. Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
7.
So What is
NGN ? Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
8.
The NGN Concept
– Six Key Criteria packet-oriented network integration of support broad existing variety of infrastructure services NGN application openness and focused - flexibility access regarding new independent services separation into different layers using open interfaces Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
9.
NGN Layered Architecture
NGN Planes Planes and functions Application Plane Application Plane enables the provisioning of services and provides the control and logic for the Value Added Service Creation execution of services Control Plane Control Plane controls the elements of the network, Basic control service establishes and clears media connections Management Plane Transport Plane is responsible for the transport of Transport Plane media and signaling messages Packet Based Transport Management Plane covers network management ensuring service fulfillment, service assurance and billing Access Networks Access Networks connect customer networks or terminals with the components of the NGN network and aggregate the dedicated traffic type Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
10.
From Networks to
Services Legacy Model New Model Services Services Data (FR, etc..) Cellular Mobile Mobile CATV PSTN Access, Transport & Switching Networks Connectivity Networks Hide the different networks from the user and offer services over IP Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
11.
So what does
this mean NGN - A Next Generation Network is an IP packet based network able to provide Telecommunication Services. The NGN can make use of multiple broadband, QoS enabled transport technologies and the service-related functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies. Currently everything seems to be NGN Ethernet PON IP/MPLS 3G, 4G Wi-Fi, WiMAX Virtualization VOIP, SIP IP TV NGN is targeted at the ability to deliver the services not the network In many senses it is a marketing driven term Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
12.
Making Standards
12 Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
13.
Migration to NGN
Internet Multi- Mobile PSTN Internet Video Mobile VoIP Video Media Services Management IMS Service Applications Call/Session Control Switching & Transport User Device Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
14.
IMS – IP
Multimedia System IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a Service Delivery Architecture Standardized architecture to provide Internet Protocol (IP)-based mobile and fixed multimedia services Developed in the Framework of 3GPP-UMTS Mobile Architecture FMC – Fixed Mobile Convergence IP Based Convergence On any Device On any Network Common Applications Service Ubiquity - anywhere, anytime, on any device One phone number Unified Communications/Messaging Unified Presence One System to manage device and media types Centralized Database of user preferences/location/features Fast Introduction of New Multimedia Services Based on the SIP Protocol Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
15.
What does IMS
provide? Services and Control Adds call session control to the packet network enables peer-to-peer real-time services - such as voice, video - over a packet-switched domain Mixed Multimedia Ability to pick and mix various multimedia flows in single or multiple sessions Can handle real-time voice, video, data Connectivity Independence Provides access to IP based services independent of the connectivity network: mobile (3GPP’s UMTS, 3GPP2’s CDMA2000) and fixed networks (TISPAN’s NGN) Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL 15
16.
IMS Architecture
Services plane Application Application Application (Application Layer) Server Server Server Session Control Plane Session Control Centralized (Session and DB Layer) Databases DB Media Control Plane (Media Control Media Control & Gateway Layer) & Gateways Network Plane (Access and Transport) 2G/3 Wireline G Wireless PSTN Broadband Mobil Res./ Broadband e Enterprise Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
17.
NGN Layered Architecture
NGN Planes Planes and functions Application Plane Application Plane enables the provisioning of services and provides the control and logic for the Value Added Service Creation execution of services Control Plane Control Plane controls the elements of the network, Basic control service establishes and clears media connections Management Plane Transport Plane is responsible for the transport of Transport Plane media and signaling messages Packet Based Transport Management Plane covers network management ensuring service fulfillment, service assurance and billing Access Networks Access Networks connect customer networks or terminals with the components of the NGN network and aggregate the dedicated traffic type Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
18.
IMS Status –
early 2010 8% of 101 Operators Interviewed have deployed IMS None of these have completed conversion and estimate a 5-7 year process A further 12% are in extended field trails Mainly the IMS core network Not yet service migration IMS not yet in rapid adoption Linear adoption to 32% of operators by 2014 Regional Adoption Main growth 2010 - 2011 in N America EMEA and APAC in later years Top 3 inhibitors Lack of Business Case Lack of standards compliance BSS and OSS Integration Issues Source: Alan Quayle Report – 2010 Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
19.
IMS Reported Deployments
Sprint – IMS Core, FMC Services Telefonica – IMS Core Cox Cable – some trials Telinor Telecom Italia Mobile – Video Sharing Service TeliaSonera Verizon – IMS and LTE China Mobile Far East one Telecom. In Taiwan was one of the first to offer services the use IMS. In the 2nd half of 2007 it launched a voice service using VOIP over WiFi over HSPA via a fixed wireless terminal. BT is implementing IMS as part of 21CN NGN. China Telecom is conducting a trial of IMS France Telecom/Orange is looking at IMS for fixed/mobile convergence business services. Rogers Communication in Canada has conducted a trial of converged IMS and quadruple-play services. Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
20.
Copyright © 2011
LOGTEL
21.
NGN Transport Layer
NGN Layers Layers and functions Application Plane Application Layer enables the provisioning of Value Added Service Creation services and provides the control and logic for the execution of services Control Plane Control Layer controls the elements of the Basic control service network, establishes and clears media connections Transport Plane Packet Based Transport Transport Layer is responsible for the transport of media and signaling messages Access Networks Layer connect customer Access Networks networks or terminals with the components of the NGN network Devices Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
22.
Why IP?
Router Router Router MAN ATM Broadband Router Host Sites LAN Router Access Router Router WAN Sonet Mobile Users are connected to specific network technologies (LAN, WAN) IP is a technology that enables network interconnection and any-to-any connectivity IP runs on top of all the well known specific network technologies The applications run on top of IP IP is not the Internet Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
23.
The Carrier Network
Business Corporate Residential Content WiMAX Metro Core Mobile Access Si Aggregation Network Network Business IP / MPLS Corporate Fiber Residential Internet Metropolitan Network: Core: DSL/Cable Access Carrier Ethernet IP/MPLS Access: STB xDSL Transport Network Cable WiMax Fibre Mobile IP Packets Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
24.
Telephony Signaling and
Speech H.323/SIP Signaling IP network RTP Media Stream Separation of signaling and media is achieved by using separate Communications Ports Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
25.
SIP – Session
Initiation Protocol SIP enables telephony and multimedia conferencing over an IP Network Based on SMTP, HTTP Features User Location – DNS style Address resolution, name mapping, call redirection User Capabilities – Determination of the endpoint media capabilities User Availability - Dynamic discovery of endpoint availability Call Handling - Session origination, termination and management between hosts and endpoints SIP Addresses user@host (URL or URI- Universal Resource Identifier) SIP defines a simple IP style protocol environment IETF RFC industry standard Call control only, does not define media transport protocol Designed to integrate with Web, eMail, streaming …. Mobility enabler: Personal mobility - one person, multiple terminals Terminal mobility - one terminal, multiple IP addresses Session mobility - one user, multiple terminals in sequence or in parallel Service mobility - services move with user Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
26.
So why isn’t
it here yet ? No clear move to IPv6 Lack of smooth migration plans Investments in IPv4 Software availability - Available from Microsoft Windows XP sp2 Developments in IP v4 Use of NAT CIDR Planning of Hierarchies and use of Autonomous Areas IPsec implemented in IPv4 Other Points Router Upgrades to handle IPv6 – OSPFv3 Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
27.
IMS / NGN
Control Layer NGN Layers Layers and functions Application Plane Application Layer enables the provisioning of Value Added Service Creation services and provides the control and logic for the execution of services Control Plane Control Layer controls the elements of the Basic control service network, establishes and clears media connections Transport Plane Packet Based Transport Transport Layer is responsible for the transport of media and signaling messages Access Networks Layer connect customer Access Networks networks or terminals with the components of the NGN network Devices Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
28.
IMS Network -
Elements and Protocols Home Subscriber Server Application Servers • Centralized DB • Push-to-talk Media Resource Function Controller • Pooling of Media servers (e.g. conference) • HLR successor • Instant messaging • User profile • Telephony AS • Filter criteria (sent to S-CSCF) • 3rd party or IMS Vendor • Which applications • Which conditions Home Network UA/UE SIP DNS AS AS P-CSCF ENUM HSS AS Media Gateway Diameter Control Function SIP • Interfaces to PSTN/PLMN by • Converting SIP <-> ISUP SIP UA/UE P-CSCF I-CSCF SIP S-CSCF MRFC • Interworking RTP to circuit SIP • H.248 control of MGW MS MS SIP SIP SIP SIP BGCF MGCF ISUP Call Session SIP H.248 SS7 Control Function • SIP registration RTP TDM PSTN • SIP session setup MGW Proxy CSCF Serving CSCF Visited • Registrar • 1st contact point for UA Network • Session control • QoS • Application Interface • Routes to S-CSCF Interrogating CSCF • Entry point for incoming calls Breakout Gateway Control Function • Determines S-CSCF for Subscribers • Selects network (MGCF or other BGCF) • Hides network topology in which PSTN/ PLMN breakout is to occur Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
29.
An Example of
an IMS Call Network X Network Y AS AS S-CSCF S-CSCF HSS HSS I-CSCF P-CSCF P-CSCF GGSN UMTS Packet Core DSL/Cable Modem SGSN DSLAM/CMTS RNC User B User A Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
30.
IMS Emergency Services
Network Call Delivered to IP PSAP with Location is Used to Location Determine PSAP PSAP SIP Access DNS Selection HSS AS AS P-CSCF SIP ENUM AS RTP IP PSAP SIP Diameter RTP SIP SIP Backbone P/S- SIP SIP SIP MRFC Packet I-CSCF S-CSCF SIP CSCF Customer Network MS MS SIP Home SIP Network BGCF SIP MGCF ISUP IMS Emergency H.248 SS7 RTP Services Network TDM Selective Router MGW Call Enters IMS ESNet CAMA With Location CAMA E-MF E-MF OR Call Delivered to Legacy Network Without Location Legacy PSAP (Query for Location Needed) *PSAP – Public Safety Answering Point Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
31.
Vulnerabilities IMS & SIP
enable a rich feature set of HSS Apps Chrg Converged Services ….. but also open SIP Server P/S/I Call Server up the network to IP based MGCF CSC MRFC F BGCF SLF/PDF/IBCF/I vulnerabilities. WF SGF IMS core ABGF MGW IBGF MRFP T-MGF IP-IP GW Media Gateway IMS & SIP vulnerabilities include: OS level vulnerabilities Well known in the data world IP Layer 3 vulnerabilities IMS Framework related vulnerabilities New, unique & SIP/RTP/H.248/etc. protocol vulnerabilities real time VoIP/Video/PoC/etc. Application vulnerabilities sensitive Application VoIP SPAM level vulnerabilities Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
32.
Access Security
Authentication ISIM AKA HSS Security Association UA IPSec P-CSCF ISIM - IP multimedia Services Identity Module UA – User Agent AKA - Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
33.
Network Security
Network Security Interfaces have been defined Within the same network domain Within the same domain it is up to the Operator to define security policy Between Network domains Between domains a security architecture has been defined At the border of each domain a Security Gateway (SEG) is used. The Security Gateway concept is based on the SBC – Session Border Controller Concept Network Operator Network Operator A B CSCF SEG SEG CSCF CSCF CSCF SEG – Security Gateway Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
34.
Policy & QoS
Management Real-time Broadband Fulfillment Email, FTP, Gopher E-Text E-Commerce Experience-based Static Network Policies Dynamic Network Policies Real-time User Policies Fixed/Mobile IP IP TDM IP Access IP Broadband IP Multimedia With more interactive and dynamic services, policy and control becomes increasingly important to ensure consistent, quality services Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
35.
Real-time allocation of
network resources 1. User requests mobile video service, which is directed to the policy engine 2. Policy engine intelligently IMS Service Complex interacts with network to Service Request reserve bandwidth Policies 3. Video delivered to mobile user with assured quality Video Stream Access IP Network GGSN/ PDSN RCEP Policy and QoS requests handled by a Policy Decision Function Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL
36.
LTE roaming overview
Roaming border Visited network Home network MME PCRF PCRF HSS 1 Attach 2 Authenticate 2 Authenticate 3 Update Location Subscriber Data 4 Policy exchange 5 Copyright © 2011 LOGTEL