The Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) And...

The Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) And...
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) maintain a strong global health partnership to
ensure the safety of all. While the CDC emphasis is to detect, prevent, and respond to diseases that threatens the American people; the WHO is
concerned with public health on an international scale.
Established in 1946, CDC is a federal entity that serves as the nation's leading public health agency. Its main objective is to protect and improve the
health of the America people. The CDC improves the overall public health by monitoring infectious and chronic diseases, decreasing leading causes of
death (e.g. heart disease, cancer, stroke and diabetes), and working globally to reduce threats to the nation's
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Hiv Prevention Is A Preventable Disease
Today, as we must know HIV is still spreading around the world and neither a vaccine nor a cure exists. The prevention of the disease remains the
main key of the strategy to stop the epidemic. The most common mode of HIV transmission is sexual contact; therefore, HIV prevention is closely
linked to the sexual and reproductive health of men and women. Effective prevention programs include interventions that promote sex abstinence, delay
sexual initiation, maintain a mutually faithful partner, limit sexual partners, use condoms consistently and correctly, and counsel and test forHIV. The
most effective combination of these interventions depends on the characteristics of groups infected with HIV. Effective programs also consider the
social, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Avert, 2017)
(Avert, 2017) Comparing national data shows huge differences in efforts to slow the spread of new infections. Some countries have achieved a 50%
or higher reduction in new HIV infections in adults over the past 10 years, while many have not made much progress. However, others are
experiencing fears of an increase in the number of HIV infections. (Avert, 2017)
(Avert, 2017)
Let take a look at the HIV statistic just in America in the same time. By 2015, 39,513 people are diagnosed with HIV in theUnited States. The number
of new HIV diagnoses has decreased by 19% between 2005 and 2014.
Because HIV testing has remained stable or increased in recent years, this decline indicates a real decline in new infections. . This reduction may be
due to HIV prevention efforts. However, progress has been uneven, and the diagnosis has increased in several groups. (CDC 2016)
Let take a look a the table below, it indicated the new HIV Diagnoses in the United States for the Most–Affected Subpopulations, 2015
(CDC 2016)
The HIV impact across The United State: Table below (Kaiser Family, 2017)
Table 2: Top Ten States/Areas by Number and Rate of New HIV Diagnoses (Adults and Adolescents), 2015
StateNew HIV Diagnoses, Number (%)State/AreaNew HIV Diagnoses, per 100,000

Florida4,849 (12%)District of Columbia66.1
California4,720 (12%)Louisiana29.2
Texas

COPD Disease Prevention Plan
Because COPD has always been thought of as a man's disease, women are often misdiagnosed. The majority of people with COPD are smokers or
former smokers. The more and longer a person smokes, the higher the risk of developing COPD. Smoking is the primary cause of COPD but
pollutants in the air such as secondhand smoke or dust and fumes can cause COPD. There is also a genetic predisposition that can lead to developing
COPD. The prevention plan needs to revolving around these patients in order to appropriate target and treat the patients at higher risk for developing
COPD. Many times, COPD is not diagnosed until it is in the advanced stages. This is typically due to the population not knowing the early warning
signs. Many people attribute

Prevention And Prevention Of Infectious Diseases
Eliminating Infectious Disease Infectious diseases are viruses, bacteria, or fungi that are transmitted from one another by contact, bodily fluids, or
contaminated air, food, or water supply. The diseases make up one–fourth to one–third of worldwide deaths annually and are a major threat to human
health. It was believed that vaccines, antibiotics, and public health had effectively eliminated the threat of infectious disease. Because of the belief that
infectious diseases were a thing of the past, public health programs aimed at preventing and treating these diseases were neglected worldwide.
This resulted in new and old diseases to reoccur. Many precautions should be taken to stop the spread worldwide and possibly eliminate these
diseases, making the world a safer place for everyone, especially travelers. The three most noted diseases in the United States are chlamydia,
gonorrhea, and HIV, which are all sexually transmitted diseases. Other diseases in the top ten include Salmonellosis, Syphilis, Lyme disease,
Varicella, Giardiasis, Shigellosis, and Tuberculosis ("Infectious Diseases."). Sixteen percent of all deaths each year are from infectious diseases.
Diarrhea and respiratory infections are the two most common causes of pediatric deaths. 1.8 million people die from diarrheal diseases and about 3.9
million people die from respiratory diseases each year. An estimated 33 million people are living with HIV today and about 2.7 million infections
occur annually while 2.5

The Center For Disease Control And Prevention
Project Proposal Description
I will be evaluating the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) One & Only Campaign. This educational public health campaign has been
led by the CDC in partnership with the Safe Injection Practices Coalition (SIPC) (CDC, 2015).
Evaluating the Channels and Messages
I will utilize the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Framework for Effective Campaigns to evaluate this public health educational campaign (Valente,
2001). I will apply course concepts to analyze the Safe Injection Practices 'How to do it Right ' video and investigate the audio PSA for injection
safety called, 'Protect Patients by Using Single– and Multi–Dose Vials Correctly' which has been aired on the radio (CDC, 2015). Following my
analysis of these two campaign messages, I will offer my views of issues that the sponsors of this campaign may have overlooked and what unintended
effect may occur in response to this public health message. Message Source and Target Audience
The Safe Injection Practices Coalition (SIPC) is a CDC–led partnership that is comprised of healthcare–related organizations, patient advocacy groups,
healthcare industry partners, and other public health entities which was established in 2009 and is responsible for developing the 'One & Only'
campaign (CDC, 2015). The SIPC devised the 'One & Only' campaign with the goals of improving education and awareness to empower healthcare
providers and patients and encourage them to mandate safe methods

Disease Prevention Framework Essay
In understanding the disease prevention framework, it is important to consider certain factors utilized in the formulation of prevention strategies and
decision making. The levels of prevention, personal factors, and environmental factors are the critical aspects needed in place for proper prevention
methods and evaluation.
Comprehending the roles of the public health practitioners would be cumbersome without understanding the levels of prevention point out that the
levels occur into three stages, namely primary, secondary and tertiary levels (Williams & Torrens 2008, p. 143). Primary prevention refers to thwarting
all the occurrences of the disease. The process of accomplishing the task involves the application of the necessary measures ... Show more content on
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Since the methods applied in treating a disease focus on short term goals, public health practitioners should encourage the preventive measures in a
society.
References
Williams, S. J., & Torrens, P. R. (2008). Introduction to Health Services (Seventh ed.). Chpt. 6, pp. 144– 54.
Woolf, S., & Atkins, D. (2015). "The Evolving Role of Prevention in Health Care." U.S Department of Health and Human Science. Retrieved 29 Mar
2017, from https://archive.ahrq.gov/clinic/ajpmsuppl/woolf1.htm
Faust, H., & Menzel, T. (2012). "Prevention vs. Treatment: What's the Right Balance?" Philosophical Reviews. University of Notre Dame, Retrieved 29
Mar 2017, from http://ndpr.nd.edu/news/prevention–vs–treatment–what–s–the–right–balance/
Nagy J., & Fawcett, S. (2016). "Section 2. Understanding Risk and Protective Factors: Their Use in Selecting Potential Targets and Promising Strategies
for Intervention." Retrieved 29 Mar 2017, from http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table–of–contents/analyze/choose–and–adapt– community–interventions
/risk–and–protective–factors/main

Prevention And Control Of Communicable Diseases Essay
Infections disease prevention and control and communicable and infectious disease risks are important topics that every student nurse should be
exposed to during the nursing program. The impact and threats that these infectious diseases cause an effect on society and global level should be
studied. Also, the economic principles to nursing and health care that public health contributes to.
Because improvements in nutrition and sanitation have been made, many epidemics have ended. As longevity of life increases, chronic diseases have
taken the place of infectious disease as the leading cause of death. The different modes of transmission, disease development, and disease spectrum are
all important factors to consider when studying the transmission of communicable diseases. It is also important to know about emerging infectious
diseases. It is important to be aware of these diseases so that signs of these symptoms can be easily recognizable to provide the best patient care.
The CDC has resources that set up a plan for preventing and controlling emerging diseases. Prevention and control of communicable diseases is focused
on elimination, eradication. Also, primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions and their role in prevention and control of communicable diseases is
important to know. Teaching about immunizations when discharging a child from a hospital admission is an example of primary prevention.
Communicable diseases in some cases can be avoided, or changed. Because

Spread Of Disease Prevention
Disease prevention is still a global problem that not a single doctor or scientist can solve. In theory if they came together collectively and use the
knowledge of medicine, the human body and its functions, and chemistry, it could create a useful antidote or vaccine that will stop the spread of
diseases; not all theories are proven until tested. A first step in the process is the understanding of where a majority diseases come from; insects and
what causes them to be a danger to all. University of Chicago Medicine, rated HIV/AIDS the most common disease, and further research shows that
biting insects (mosquitos) cannot give a person this condition, but it can cause other dangerous diseases such as malaria, West Nile virus, elephantiasis,

Prevention Strategies of Communicable Diseases
Prevention Strategies of Communicable diseases
Methods of Control
Communicable diseases occur only when the causative agent comes into contact with a susceptible host in a suitable environment. Prevention and
control efforts for communicable diseases may be directed to any of these three elements. Communicable diseases affect both individuals and
communities, so control efforts may be directed at both. Treatment of persons with communicable diseases with antibiotics typically kills the agent and
renders them noninfectious. Thus, treatment is also prevention. A simple way to prevent the occurrence of communicable diseases is to eliminate the
infectious agent through, for example, cooking food, washing hands, and sterilizing surgical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Impact of Communicable Diseases
The gathering of humans in settlements (and subsequently cities) resulted in the development of periodic epidemics of communicable diseases, often
with devastating impact. In the fourteenth century, for example, bubonic plague (carried by rats and transmitted to humans by fleas) swept through
Europe, killing approximately one–quarter of the population of the continent. Epidemics of "crowd" diseases such as measles and influenza resulted
from person–to–person transmission, and inadequate water and sewage management led to epidemics of diseases such as cholera and typhoid.
Milk–and food–borne diseases also were common. Until the end of the nineteenth century, communicable diseases were the leading cause of death
throughout the world.
In the United States in 1900, tuberculosis was the leading cause of death, followed by pneumonia and diarrhea. Along with diphtheria (in tenth place),
these conditions accounted for more than 30 percent of all deaths in the country. Major reductions in morbidity and mortality from communicable
diseases have resulted from improvements in sanitation, housing, and nutrition as well as introduction and use of vaccines and specific therapies.
Improvements in sanitation have

The Treatment And Prevention Of Lyme Disease
The Treatment and Prevention of Lyme Disease This document will provide in–depth research on the treatment and prevention of Lyme disease. Lyme
disease is explained by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015) as being "caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and is
transmitted to humans through the bite of infected blacklegged ticks" (What is bacteria? Section, para. 1). As explained, Lyme disease is spread through
vector–borne transmissions. A vector–borne transmission is the spread of certain disease due to the bite of a vector. The vector in the case of Lyme
disease is the blacklegged tick. Lyme's etiology is explained by Perez and Bush (2014) as being "recognized in 1976 because of close clustering of
cases in Lyme, Connecticut and is now the most commonly reported tick–borne illness in the US" (pg. 1). It is important to understand where a disease
comes from so you can know where you are more likely to contract the disease.
When trying to learn about a disease it is important to learn about who is effected by the disease. The Lyme Disease Association (2010) claims that
300,000 new cases of Lyme disease will occur in the United States each year. That is a very large number of Americans to contract one disease.
Lyme disease is only found in certain areas of the country. The CDC (2015) states that "In 2014, 96% of confirmed Lyme disease cases were reported
from 14 states" (Data and Statistics section, para. Fast Facts). Those states are Maryland,

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDC
Weam Khadim
PBHE501–American Public University
May 21, 2013
Dr. Shalah Watkins–Bailey
Center for Disease Control and Prevention is a national public health federal agency under Department of Health and Human Services headquartered in
Atlanta, Georgia. It is division of Department of Health and Human Services responsible for managing national programs for control and prevention of
communicable diseases and Vector born pathogen. CDC also is in charge of implementing strategies and plans to deal with environmental health
problems.
It also controls quarantine activities and performs epidemiological research, and it provides consultation on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This created the need to rename it to Center for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) to reflect this wider scope of activity.
"Today, CDC is the nationвЂІs premier health promotion, prevention, and preparedness agency and a global leader in public health.
It remains at the forefront of public health efforts to prevent and control infectious and chronic diseases, injuries, workplace hazards, disabilities, and
environmental health threats" (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). Tom Frieden, MD, MPH, is the current director of CDC. Dr.
Frieden has worked to control infectious diseases threats to public health, respond to emergencies, and has fought the major causes of suffering and
death whether in the United States or around the world. Based on the duties and mission of different subdivisions of Department of Health and
Human Services, Two or more of these agencies can be joined together. As example, The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's (AHRQ)
main responsibility and mission is to improve the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care for all Americans. Can be joined with the
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) where the latter mission and responsibility is to improve health and achieve health equity by
making sure people are getting quality services, a skilled health workforce and pioneer programs. The agency goal is to provide health care to

Prevention Of The Spreading Of Emerging Infectious Disease
Prevention of the Spreading of Emerging Infectious Disease in the Nursing Field A growing body of research on the spread of infectious diseases
indicates the importance and relevance of this topic to the world of nursing. Researchers and educators are interested in specific variables that help to
prevent the spread of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in relation to nursing. EIDs may be defined as new, re–emerging, drug–resistant infections
whose incidence in humans has increased within the past 20 years, or whose incidence threatens to increase in the near future (Mied). The problem of
the spread of these infections may be the most important and necessary area of research when concerned with nursing. The purpose is to provide... Show
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Nurses never want their patients to die, for it is their job to save this, and not being able to do this is a let–down. In order to prevent spread of
infectious diseases, medical officials should be able to know why EIDs occur, and why they spread. Some factors that contribute to the emergence and
spread of infectious diseases are physical factors, genetic, ecological, social, political, and economic factors. Human demographics, behavior, sanitation,
human interaction with wildlife in natural habitats, climate, and weather also lead to the contribution of the spread of these diseases (Mied). When
EIDs occur, the victims are usually placed into temporary settlements or camps with inadequate safe water and sanitation, and increased exposure to
disease vectors during the acute phase of the emergency (Gayer et al.). This can increase the spread of these diseases, and the goal is to stop the
spread. Not having safe water or poor hygiene can cause diarrhoeal diseases. If not suddenly treated, these diseases can be deadly in emergency
situations. Climate can also affect spread of diseases in many different ways. "Flooding after heavy rains can result in sewage overflow and widespread
water contamination" ("No Authors") Studies show that pathogens can spread through wind as well. Human demographics such as population growth,
migration, sexual behavior, and drug use are

Prevention And Treatment Of Periodontal Disease
Introduction
Periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases and is also the second most frequent cause of tooth loss among adults.
The toxins produced by bacteria stimulate an inflammatory response in which the body turns upon itself and results in the supporting tissues of the
teeth being progressively destroyed. Periodontal disease is multifactorial and susceptibility is dependent on the composition of individual's microflora
together with specific local and systemic risk factors. Local risk factors include any plaque–retentive features which hinders plaque removal such as
crowding, calculus, overhangs and orthodontic appliance. Systemic risk factors include diabetes, genetic and smoking. Smoking is an important risk
factor for the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases and a number of researches have demonstrated the detrimental effect of smoking on
patient's periodontal status as well as their response to periodontal treatment.
Content of cigarette
Smoking has widespread systemic effects as it contains over 4000 toxic chemicals including Benzene, Formaldehyde and Ammonia. Benzene is a
solvent used in making fuel, Formaldehyde is used to preserve dead bodies and Ammonia can be found in cleaning fluids. There are also potent
carcinogens such as Nitrosamines and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The component of inhaled smoke includes nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar.
Nicotine has numerous effects such as increasing blood pressure

Health Promotion And Disease Prevention
In today's generation, many people don't have a healthy way of living. We all have a choice to live with a healthy lifestyle, but many choose to live
just for today. While there may not be anything wrong with living that way, the US Department of Health and Human Services (Healthy People 2020,
2010) set out to create a program to promote health across all stages of life. That is where Healthy People 2020 comes in. Healthy People 2020 is an
approach with a set purpose, a list of multi sector priorities, and a program which affects nursing practice/patient care (Healthy People 2020, 2010).
The US Department of Health and Human Services developed the "Healthy People" program over 30 years ago. Healthy People 2020, also known as
HP2020, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Healthy People 2020 strives to increase public awareness and understanding of disease and disability and the opportunities we, as individuals, have to
prevent them. Healthy People 2020 focuses on emphasizing health detriments among different levels. Healthy People provides health enhancing goals
through social and physical environments at local, state, and national levels. HP2020's purpose is to integrate prevention from the earliest stages of
life to help build a healthier nation. Healthy People's overall purpose is to identify research, evaluate it, and in turn, use it to create a society in which
all people live healthier and longer lives. Healthy People has established science–based health objectives with clear targets that allows us to monitor
and improve the nation's health. "The overarching goals of Healthy People 2020 are to: attain high–quality, longer lives free of preventable disease,
disability, injury, and premature death; achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups; create social and physical
environments that promote good health for all." (Healthy People 2020, 2011.) There are four main priorities. The first one is the General Health
Status. The goal is to attain longer lives free of preventable disease, injury, and premature death. The measures of progress for this goal include: life
expectancy, chronic disease prevalence, physical and mental health, and self–assessed

Clinical Practice Guideline For Disease Prevention
I would like to present a proposal to discuss a clinical practice guideline in preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in sexually active women
in a clinical setting.
B). 1). Clinical Effectiveness Group. 2013 UK national guideline for consultations requiring sexual history taking. London (UK): British Association
for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH); 2013. 29 p.
2.). Clinical Effectiveness Group. UK national guidelines on safer sex advice. London (UK): British Association for Sexual Health and HIV; 2012 Jul.
32 p.
C). The advanced searched terms used were prevention and sexually transmitted infections. A total of 90 searches appeared and two clinical practices
were selected for review.
D). Evaluation of major recommendations ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Recommendation: The best recommendation based on the following two guidelines is to adopt a part of each clinical practice guideline in preventing
the spread of infections. It is critical for a clinician to be well–trained, knowledgeable, and have effective communication skills in obtaining a detailed
sexual health history from his or her patient. Creating a safe and comfortable environment is also another important consideration when obtaining
a sexual health history. The second guideline in providing safer sex advice is imperative in preventing the spread of infection. This guideline
gives specific advice in offering strategies on how to prevent infection from occurring. The guideline also offers detailed advice on use of latex
condoms, oral and anal sex advice, and risk reduction techniques on the proper use of condoms. Safer sex advice guideline also recommends
screening for asymptomatic STI and HIV testing. In preventing or decreasing the number of STIs in sexually active women: 1). A sexual health
history should be obtained by a clinician. 2). Safer sex advice should be included after a sexual health history is taken. 3). Offer a screening and
testing for women who are at risk for infections. 4). Provide sexual health education to the patient that may influence behavioral changes in protecting
herself on the next sexual contact. Both of these clinical guidelines may be used in conjunction to prevent the spread of infection. In comparing the
weight of the evidence of both of these clinical guidelines, safer sex advice offered higher level of evidence in preventing STIs/HIV mostly because it
offered specific clinical strategies in teaching patients about safer sex practices and was supported through evidence–based studies. The second
guideline related to sexual health history was mostly supported by expert opinion, without studies of good quality. But, without a proper review of a
sexual health history it will make it very difficult in providing

Infectious Disease Prevention And Control
Infectious Disease Prevention and control
Katie Rowson
Nursing 420
Longwood University
Abstract
This paper explores ways in which hospitals and people in general prevent and control infectious diseases. There are five articles that will be examined
throughout the paper that provide a wide variety of strategies to help control and prevent infection within hospitals worldwide. Four out of the five of
these articles go into depth about preventing a hospital–acquired infection during a patient's hospital stay. Many of the articles covered in this paper
show how hospitals have a uniform and universal protocol when it comes to infection prevention. The idea of a universal protocol is extremely
important ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Throughout this paper I will explain ways in which this task is done.
Infection prevention and control is a major role in hospitals. Most hospitals have strict protocol and training to help unify the care given to each patient
by the nurse. According to Nazarko, one of the first steps to preventing infection is monitoring for warning signs of an infection (2014). After one
identifies a risk then they will initiate further preventative actions. Another key part in infection prevention is the process of surveillance and reporting.
There is a list of diseases that doctors and healthcare providers must report to the Center of Disease Control, CDC. This is an essential step in order to
track the spread of potentially fetal diseases.
As you will read further in this paper, another way countries can use surveillance is using a computer system that can automatically research disease
prevalence. That type of surveillance offers quick and reliable information instead of relying on doctors and nurses to report diseases manually;
technology is the future especially in our country. This paper will give a general overview of steps, strategies, and ways to prevent the spread of
infection, mainly in a hospital setting; specifically diseases such as: catheter–related disease and Methicillin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Infection control is a very "hot topic" in the medical field. We are constantly running new tests and finding new ways to implement infection

Tetanus And The Diseases History, Symptoms, Epidemiology,...
With many diseases around the world it is amazing how us as humans survive day to day. Bacteria is everywhere you look and you have millions of
them living inside you, not all of which are harmful. Its the ones that do harm you that we should be considered with that can lead to death or
diseases. A specific fatal bacterial disease that has caused many people harm isTetanus. Tetanus consist of abacteria called clostridium tetani which
invades the nervous system causing muscle spasms and severe pain sometimes leading to death. Many times the bacteria causes muscle spasms most
often in the jaw causing the muscles to commonly known as "Lockjaw". The bacteria gets inside the host cell and produces harmful toxins. According
to the centers for disease control 10 to 20% of people affected by tetanus result in death (Atkinson,2009). This paper will go more in depth into tetanus
and the diseases history, symptoms,epidemiology, treatment and possible vaccinations. The severity of tetanus has been around for many years and has
since been developed and studied differently. The symptoms and descriptions of tetanus have been traced back to the 5th century BCE which hasn 't
been completely proven that it was discovered then. Tetanus was produced by two researchers named Carle and Rattone in 1884, by experimenting
with animals and injecting them with puss from a person infected with severe tetanus( Tetanus n.d). The injection of animals would help Carle and
Rattone discover the transfer

Communicable Disease : Prevention And Prevention
Communicable disease is described as the infection which is transmitted from one person to other either direct or indirect (Smith, 2009).
Communicable disease can occurs anywhere in the country, but knowing the basic understanding of cause, epidemiology, treatment, and prevention
can control the infection and disease process. The basic knowledge about disease and prevention can help people to understand about how to control the
environment and protect them from disease. There are multiple communicable diseases in the worldwide; however, tuberculosis is one of the contagious
disease which killing many people in worldwide. This paper will discuss about tuberculosis disease and demographic of interest, factors that
contribute disease process, role as public health nurse on prevention and organization who contributes on resolving the disease process. The Centers
of Disease Control and Prevention (2016) indicates that tuberculosis is one of the contagious diseases which are caused by mycobacterium
tuberculosis bacteria. The disease can affect the lungs; however, it can potentially affect all over the body and kill the person. According to World
Health Organization (2016), 9.6 million people became ill from TB and 1.5 million people died from disease in 2014. People death ratio from
tuberculosis is three times higher than HIV infection (World Health Organization, 2016). Mostly people are affected with tuberculosis disease in Asia
and Africa country, whereas the incidence rate

Infectious Diseases : Disease Control And Prevention
Introduction The human body is comprised of an abundance of microorganisms that are considered part of our normal and healthy microbiota.8 Most
of these microorganisms are typically not injurious, but under certain conditions or when a patient is immunocompromised, some microorganisms may
produce infectious diseases.7 Infectious diseases are ailments caused by the opportunistic pathogens already present in our bodies or other harmful
microorganisms that were acquired from traveling, hospitals, outdoors, or encountering another infected human.8 According to Woolhouse and
Gowtage–Sequeria, there are 1,407 recognized species of human pathogen, 58% of which are zoonotic and 177 are regarded as emerging or
reemerging.13 The leading public health institute is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and they are responsible for securing and
progressing the health of the public by researching known and identifying new infectious diseases, preventing and regulating the spread of infectious
diseases, providing accurate information to healthcare communities and to the general public, and implementing strategies to reinforce our public
health system.3 Infectious diseases play a crucial role in public health because without the knowledge and analysis of them our population would not
have the proper information to assure their health and our healthcare communities would not know what precautions to take when treating a patient
with an infectious disease.3 According to

Project Proposal Description I will be evaluating the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) One & Only Campaign. This public health
educational campaign has been led by the CDC in partnership with the Safe Injection Practices Coalition (SIPC).
Evaluating the Channels and Messages I will utilize the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Framework for Effective Campaigns to evaluate thispublic
health educational campaign (Valente, 2001). I will utilize course concepts to analyze the Safe Injection Practices 'How to do it Right ' video which
was the Grand Prize winner of the 3rd annual Film Festival of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology and the 2013
AVA Digital Awards Gold Winner. I will
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This campaign was launched with an audio and video message, but I will review its expansion that has includes the following digital media formats:
Facebook: One & Only Campaign
Twitter: @InjectionSafety
YouTube: OneandOnlyCampaign
Blog: Safe Healthcare: Injection Safety
Website: One & Only Campaign
Email: info@oneandonlycampaign.org
Campaign Goals and Objectives The CDC is focused on protecting patients against preventable harm from improper use of single–dose/Single–use
vials. The goal of the 'One & Only' campaign is to ensure patients are protected each and every time they receive a medical injection. This will be
attained by empowering patients and re–educating healthcare providers regarding safe injection practices. This project will address the efficacy of the
campaign's focus on targeted education and awareness strategies that influence the culture of patient safety. The objectives of this campaign are to
eliminate unsafe medical practices involving medical injections and to eliminate infections resulting from unsafe injection practices.
Analysis of the Health Problem
Injectable medications are commonly used in our healthcare system for disease

Prevention Of The Disease Aids Essay
Diseases have been affecting the globe for decades. In recent years there have been many infectious diseases have been occurring and spreading
across society. Out of the many infectious diseases, there are two that are going to be examined. The two diseases that are going to be analyzed and
reviewed are Ebola and AIDS. The two diseases have a high rate of death among people who have been infected. The right rate of death has occurred
for decades. Both of these diseases are highly effective at attacking the immune system of the victims. These diseases are both infectious, but are
different in several ways. In order to understand how to treat or contain these two diseases, it is informative to be educated on each disease, how it is
spread, and what symptoms are prevalent. The disease AIDS is an acronym for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The first known case of the
AIDS virus was found in 1970's. The AIDS disease was made aware in hospitals among male patients who had same–sex relationships. The two main
areas of this disease at that time was in New York and Los Angeles. "In 1982 the AIDS disease was enhancing Kaposi 's sarcoma and Pneumocystis
jirovecii pneumonia" (Scavnicky, 2011). In order for a person to be diagnosed with AIDS is due to having theHIV virus. The first HIV virus was
detected around 1950. It was considered to have originated from monkey's or chimps. It later had been spread to humans. The AIDS name had surfaced
after the latter stages of HIV have

Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention
1. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are many ways to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STI) and have
safer sex. The best way to prevent STI is abstaining from oral, anal, and vaginal sex. For those who decided to have sex, limiting the number of
partners can reduce the risk of STI. Being in a monogamous relationship where neither partner has a STI is one of the best ways to prevent getting
a STI. There are vaccinations to prevent HPV and hepatitis B. One of the best ways to prevent the spread of STI is by using a male condom. The
CDC website has more information on how to properly put on a condom and how to properly take a condom off. Following these steps will greatly
increase the effectiveness of the

Prevention For Disease Control And Prevention
Over the last 10 years, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has worked to raise awareness of concussions and head injuries. In fact
at least 1.7million traumatic brain injuries or TBI's occur each year, with older adults and adolescents as the most vulnerable population ("Nursing : A
Concept–based", 2015, p.696).We now know that a hit or a strike to the head can have long term effects on cognition, physical, and psychological
skills. The major causes of TBI include falls, vehicle accidents, sports concussions, and violence. Early identification of a TBI is important to ensure
proper treatment and prevent secondary injuries to the brain. A TBI is the result of a sudden, violent blow or jolt to the head causing the brain to
bounce around the inside of the skull, resulting in bruising of the brain, tearing of nerve fibers and bleeding. serious traumatic brain injuries can result
in long–term complications or death.Variables include the biomechanical forces that are exerted on the brain during an accident, their duration, the
position the head was in, the speed the object was going that hit the person, the speed the person was traveling when he hit the ground and the area of
the brain that sustained the injury. Damage to the brain can be either focal or diffuse. While some symptoms may appear right away others may not
be present for days or weeks after the injury; causing some TBI's to be missed initially. Traumatic brain injuries can be classified as mild,

Prevention Of The Periodontal Disease
Many people are diagnosis with heart disease or suffer from a heart condition each year. Heart disease or cardiovascular disease is developed over
time caused via clogged arteries, abnormal heart rhythm, birth defects, excessive smoking, and even excessive consumption of lipids. An assumption
of how cardiovascular disease is developed could be associated with periodontal disease. In the study of the periodontal, periodontal disease is
inflammation of the surrounding tissue of the gums, teeth, and supporting structures. Scientific studies have shown a slight correlation between
cardiovascular disease and periodontal disease but none are said to be politically one hundred percent correct. Periodontal disease is an infectious
disease... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though every individual responds differently to the bacteria build up, it is still a critical factor and cause most of the problems within the
periodontium. The bacteria in the plaque produces and release enzymes and toxins and destroys the supporting tissues and lowers the host defenses.
Individuals are encouraged to practice good oral hygiene such as brushing and flossing, visit their dentist regularly, and consume a good eating habit
to reduce the risk of periodontal disease. Scientists and researchers try to develop a correlation between both periodontal disease and cardiovascular
disease. There are a hundreds of studies comparing the two stating that some forms of heart disease can form or worsen with in individuals whom have
periodontal disease. Since with periodontal disease, the bacteria build up from plaque can be ingested into the blood stream and arteries, forming clots
causing coronary heart problems. There is no direct correlation stating that those with periodontal disease will have cardiovascular. As well,
cardiovascular disease is involved with numerous of problems dealing with the heart and blood vessels. Problems of the heart and blood vessels
develops a process known as atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, a condition in which plaque builds up inside the arteries. This plaque buildup
is made of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular

Genetics, Environmental Factors And Prevention Of...
The Disease
An irreversible, progressive brain disorder is the best way to describe the disease known as Alzheimer's. This disease slowly destroys memory,
thinking skills, and eventually the ability to carry out the simplest tasks (NIA, 2015). A disease that is currently ranked as the sixth leading cause of
death in the United States, but recent estimates indicate that the disorder may rank third, just behind heart disease and cancer, as a cause of death for
older people. Most people with Alzheimer's, symptoms first appear in their mid–60s. Estimates vary, but experts suggest that more than five million
Americans may have Alzheimer's (NIA, 2015).
Healthy Brain Vs Diseased
The brain is one of the largest and most complex organs in the human ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, there are a few drugs that have been proven to slow down this ruthless disease. One of those drugs are cholinesterase inhibitors.
Cholinesterase inhibitors work by slowing the process that breaks down a key neurotransmitter (NIA, n.d.). A few brands of cholinesterase inhibitors
are; Donepezil, Galantamine, and Rivastigmine. Another type of drug out there is Memantine. "Memantine is an NMDA (N–methyl–D–aspartate)
receptor antagonist, which works by control the flow of glutamate, an important neurotransmitter in the brain that controls learning and memory.
Attachment of glutamate to cell surface "docking sites" called NMDA receptors permits calcium to enter the cell. This process is important for cell
signaling, as well as learning and memory. In Alzheimer's disease, however, excess glutamate can be released from damaged cells, leading to chronic
overexposure to calcium, which can speed up cell damage. Memantine helps prevent this destructive chain of events by partially blocking the NMDA
receptors (NIA, n.d.)" There is only one known surgery so far for this disease, which is the Brain Pacemaker. The Brain 'Pacemaker'– which provides
deep brain stimulation and has been used in thousands of people with Parkinson's disease, is seen as a possible means of boosting memory and
reversing cognitive

Prevention Of Lyme Disease Vaccine
Prevention
Lyme disease has existed on the planet for thousands of years. The best way to prevent Lyme disease is by covering up, use insect repellents, clear
yard of brush and leaves, check yourself and children for ticks, don't assume you're immune; you can get Lyme disease more than once, and remove
ticks with tweezers as soon as possible. [1] According to the CDC the Lyme diseasevaccine's production was discontinued by it's manufacturer in 2002.
The manufacturer cited an insufficient consumer demand. [2]
PREVENTATIVE MEASURES
One way to prevent infection is to know where to expect ticks. The ticks that cause Lyme disease live in moist environments near wooded and grassy
areas. To avoid ticks, when hiking or outdoors walk in the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In general, adult ticks are approximately the size of a sesame seed and nymphal ticks are approximately the size of a poppy seed.
One method of Secondary prevention is to perform daily tick checks especially after being outdoors, even in your own yard. Search your entire body
for ticks when you return from an area that may have ticks. Use a hand–held or full–length mirror to view all parts of your body and remove any tick
you find. Take special care to check these parts of your body and your child's body for ticks: under the arms, in and around the ears, inside the belly
button, back of the knees, in and around all head and body hair, between the legs, around the waist. It is also important to check clothes and pets
carefully and remove any ticks that are found. Place clothes into a dryer on high heat to kill ticks. [5]
It is important to remove any attached ticks quickly and correctly with fine–tipped tweezers as soon as you notice it. The CDC reports that if a tick has
been attached to your skin for less than 24 hours, your chances of contacting Lyme disease are extremely small; however ticks carry other diseases
which may be transmitted more quickly. [6]
After a bite over the next couple of weeks, you should watch for signs or symptoms of Lyme disease such as rash or fever. See a healthcare provider if
you have signs or symptoms as soon as possible. Many times people do not know they have been bit. It is important to always be alert for fever or
rash. An

Epidemiology And The Center Of Disease Prevention And...
According to the Center of Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), by definition, epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of
health and health outcomes in populations. Several methods can be used to carry out epidemiological investigation includes surveillance and
descriptive study and analytical studies are used to study determinants (CDC, 2012). Determinants can be categorized as causes and risk factors that
influence the pandemic of a disease. According to the World Health Organization, a risk factor is any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an
individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease (WHO, 2016). Various key elements that are critical toepidemiology are that it focuses
on populations. Understanding why certain individuals have a high risk for diseases and why certain populations have more diseases or poorer health
than other populations are essential to epidemiology. A second component that is very important to epidemiology is the association topublic health
practice and action, which results can be used to create interventions to improve the public's health.
An Epidemiologist examines patterns and causes of a disease, specifically infectious disease. An infectious disease is caused by the presence of a
pathogenic microorganism growing in or on the infected host. The disease can be spread directly or indirectly, from one person to another, which is
considered transmissible. Indirect transfer spread is when an

Prevention And Prevention Of Infectious Diseases
Product Overview
Washing your hands with soap and water is one of the most important things you can do to prevent the risk of spreading diseases. Germs that cause
colds, eye infections, and other illnesses can spread to the hands by sneezing, coughing, or rubbing the eyes and then can be transferred to other family
members or friends ("CDC," n.d.). To kill infection–causing germs, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends people wash for 15 to
20 seconds with soap, and water. However, in today's fast paced environment, little things such as sufficient hygiene can be easily overlooked.
The issue that needs to be addressed, is how can we promote good hand washing habits efficiently, to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. For this
reason, Kohler will be introducing the "Hygieia". The Hygieia is a hands free motion detecting sink that dispenses water, and soap simultaneously. Each
year, foodborne diseases contribute to approximately 76 million illnesses ("What Germs," 2013). Improvement in handwashing practices amongst food
workers' is crucial to reducing the incidence of foodborne illnesses ("What Germs," 2013).
The Hygieia will be first to market of its kind with the dual action soap, and water dispenser feature. This current solution has not been made
available, which can lead to a new generation of faucets. With the same benefit as other sensor faucets, the new Hygieia will conserve up to 70% of
water per use ("Benefits," n.d.).
Product Information

Prevention For Disease Control And Prevention
According to the forecasted statistics of Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2014), the public health research will most likely provide a
better diagnostic resolution to the health concern of FXS in 2020 (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). The agency based its claim from
the steady decline of families reporting that they are having a hard time dealing with FXS. Per CDC (2014), this only means that the public is
becoming more aware of this condition. Their participation contributes to the advancement of knowledge content on this abnormality (Center for
Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). CDC scientists works hard in order to establish preventive services and interventions to further help out in
treating this condition. According to department head, Dr. Grossee, the challenges in diagnosing FXS remain to be critical, but with the presence of
various measurements that aid in both research and diagnosis of the disorder, different collaborative procedures are being established which may be
accessible and available in the next years to come (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014).
Treatment for Fragile X Syndrome FRAXXA, one of the leading companies that is in search for a cure to FXS does its best to extensively study and
analyze fragile X syndrome. Although it is true that there is no cure for fragile X syndrome yet, there are now available procedures and intervention
programs that are meant to control the progress of the condition. These

The Canadian Lyme Disease Prevention
In Canada, there are too many "false– negative" results, according to Jim Wilson, President of the Canadian Lyme disease Foundation and this
standpoint is also recognized by Health Canada. (Magnotta, 2015). The human body takes several weeks for humans to create antibodies at
detectable levels. This limits the detection of the various genotypes of the borrelia bacteria, from the procedures used, which in effect, is allowing
late stage serology to occur. According to Dr. Ralph Hawkins, who is a General internal site lead at Calgary's South Health Campus Hospital and a
Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of Calgary, states that "serology is failing us; showing only 50 percent positive results in early
Lyme disease ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This method is irrespective of the stage of the infection. Current research suggests that a single course of antibiotics can be insufficient, especially if
Lyme disease has been prevalent for several months (Magnotta, 2015).
Physicians in Canada have not been properly exposed to the symptoms of clinical Lyme disease; therefore it has become difficult to diagnose a patient
with clinical Lyme disease. Professional organizations, such as International Lyme and associated disease society, and Lyme literate medical doctors,
have acknowledged the uncommonness of Lyme disease in Canada (Magnotta, 2015). Canada has been highlighted with concerns of misdiagnosis and
the increased cost in public health care. The lack of research and resources in Canada, have caused physicians to dismiss the clinical symptoms of
Lyme disease, and diagnose patients with a variety of other illnesses, such as fibromyalgia, chronic Fatigue syndrome, to name a few, or something less
substantial such as increased anxiety or stress (Magnotta, 2015). A case study presented in Hospital News has recognized that the rarity of symptoms
requires hospitals and clinics to do excessive amounts of testing and the patient is sent to different specialists. These chronic illnesses are associated
with bacteria, but the Canadian health system needs to recognize that the underlying diagnoses are infections, where Lyme disease

Prevention Of Stds : Dangerous And Wide Spread Diseases
Prevention Of STDs STDs are both very dangerous and wide spread diseases. In the modern world where the cure for most of the diseases is to be
found, some diseases with unknown cure are to be found as well. Among these, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a serious health problem.
STDs are sexually transmitted diseases that are caused by bacteria, viruses, fungus, protozoa and parasites which get transferred during activity
between two partners. If a person having a sexually transmittable disease in him or her takes part in coitus with another person, there is a chance the
micro organism causing the disease may get transferred in to the partner. This type of diseases are commonly refereed to Sexually Transmitted
Diseases or STDs. Some STDs have a cure or a treatment and some don't have a cure or a treatment. They can be prevented from getting transferred
using behavioral modifications but they are usually not recognizable by patients and health care organizations. STDs are capable of being transferred
through Oral, Vaginal or Anal sex irrespective to the genders of the partners. Many of the STDs which are infamous and common among the world
population are HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome), Human Papilloma virus, Chlamydia,
Gonorrhea, Herpes, Hepatitis, Syphilis and Ebola. All these diseases have different levels of effects on health of the affected person. Some cause slow
and painful death and some show no sign

Prevention, Detection And Diagnosis Of Periodontal Disease
The most recent NHANES survey, conducted in 2012, estimated the prevalence of periodontitis in adults aged thirty to seventy to be 47.2%.[1] This
survey did not include younger age groups, in which aggressive periodontitis is more often seen. Aggressive periodontitis has been reported to affect
0.2 – 10% of the population below twenty–one years of age in African American and Hispanic subpopulations.[2] If left untreated, chronic and
aggressive forms of periodontitis can lead to tooth loss and may contribute to the etiology and/or progression of certain systemic inflammatory
diseases.[3, 4] In current periodontal practice, detection and diagnosis of periodontal disease is mainly derived from a comprehensive clinical
examination in combination with a review of patient medical and dental history. An accurate periodontal diagnosis is the first step in the development
of a well–designed and suitable treatment plan for management of a patient with a periodontal disease. Based on the current classification provided by
the American Academy ofPeriodontology (AAP), published in 1999, severity of periodontitis is based on the amount of clinical attachment loss (CAL)
as follows: slight 1–2 mm, moderate 3–4 mm, and severe в‰Ґ 5 mm. Attachment loss is measured by adding the pocket probing depth and the amount
of recession. [5] In clinical practice, however, measurement of CAL has proven to be difficult and time–consuming. Though it is the currently
accepted system, academicians,

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: An Overview
Overview/Authority The CDC, or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is a United States governmental agency under the authority of the
Department of Health and Human Services. It is located in a suburb of Atlanta Georgia and acts to protect the overall public health and safety of the
United States by not only providing information to laypersons and professionals, but through partnering with state and local health departments. The
CDC was formed in 1943 as part of the World War II Office of National Defense and Malarial Control, and has grown to include prevention and
education regarding diseases and pathogens that are more global in scope, but affect U.S. citizens (CDC, 2012).
Information Given– The CDC website, CDC.gov, is published in English and Spanish. Nationally, it focuses on helping to prevent and control
infectious diseases, food pathogens, environmental health, occupational safety, health promotion, injury prevention and a host of educational materials
designed for all levels of need.
Objectivity– Information given from the CDC is well vetted, containing materials designed for younger children, students of all ages, lay persons,
medical professionals, and the scholarly/scientific community. Topics are archived, and the site is updated regularly with timely stories that focus on
the season (flu shots, diabetes and heat, etc.), or issues that have national attention (Painkiller overdoses, traveler's health).
Navigation The site is well designed with links

Health Promotion Program Proposal On Lyme Disease Prevention
Health Promotion Program Proposal on Lyme disease Prevention
My health promotion program will focus on Lyme disease. My state–Maryland is number one in the list of top ten states for Lyme disease in United
States. According to Physicians Now (2016), "Although there were fewer cases of Lyme disease reported in 2012 than in previous years, the illness
is still more common in Maryland than in many other states. There were 1,113 confirmed cases and 538 suspected cases in 2012, according to the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."
Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted through the bite of one of several types of ticks. Borrelia burgdorferi (B burgdorferi) is the bacteria
that cause Lyme disease. UMMC (2016) asserted that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to EPA (2011), "In order to garner support for local community IPM efforts and to promote prevention, communication and outreach with
local citizens is imperative. People are less likely to be interested in preventive measures if they have limited understanding of the problem and risk
involved. One question concerning communication and outreach in communities, posed by Karl Malamud–Roam, is who should educate whom?"
Against this backdrop, program stakeholders were identified by considering group that will be willing to learn, comprehend, and pass on the
information on Lyme disease to the grass root level. Also considered are the issues of who is at risk, and community involvement. So stakeholders
include Maryland Department of Health, K–8 school children, school teachers, parents, and local community groups.
On collaboration strategies, the local health department will provide the school teachers with all the information they need to educate the K–8 school
children on Lyme disease prevention. The parents when the children go home will help them get acquainted with the

A Brief Note On Coronary Artery Disease Prevention
Coronary artery bypasses surgery, percutaneous angioplasty–stent, aspirin use, cholesterol–lowering therapies, and increased awareness of coronary
artery disease prevention are the main strategies for the preventive treatment of SCD [166]. As the main etiology behind coronary artery ischemia is
the plaque rupture, methods to prevent plaque rupture, plaque stabilization, decreasing plaque formation and searching risk markers for sudden plaque
rupture should be discovered. The role of cholesterol in SCD have been studied in many studies and there are both kind of results, some suggesting its
significant role [39, 167] while other without any significant role [83].Low density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a significant role in atheroma formation...
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This different expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins may be responsible for apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cell and plaque destabilization
[171]. Rao et al studied the mechanism of plaque rupture in carotids and proposed the mechanism by which EGFR activation induced MMP–1 and
MMP–9 decreases the interstitial collagen causing plaque instability and increased vulnerability of plaque rupture, paving a future direction for
translational approach of this concept for the prevention of myocardial infarction. It was also proposed that for plaque stabilization, selective blockade
of EGFR and MMP–9 may be a promising strategy [172]. Identification of specific markers indicating a plaque prone to rupture and risk predictors
for plaque rupture is an interesting area for further research. Currently we are working on the role of HMGB–1, RAGE, ENRAGE, TLR–4, TREM–1,
TREM–2, MMP–1 and MMP–9 in plaque stability and destabilization in carotid artery. Acute unstable arrhythmias should be treated with external
defibrillator according to ACLS algorithm and it has been suggested that biphasic waveform defibrillation is more effective than monophasic
defibrillation[173]. Treating the patient's arrhythmia in hospital is a secondary prevention but as the proportion of out of hospital death is more, there
is a need to focus on primary prevention

1.The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had many key audiences it was required to communicate with during the Ebola outbreak.
Most importantly, the CDC needed to be communicating with employees within the CDC. They needed to be on the same page as to how messages
were being released and controlled, as this was a very sensitive subject. Furthermore, it was imperative that heath care providers around the world were
receiving appropriate information. U.S. government agencies, the World Health Organization(WHO) and local and regional public health officials
(Dallas County Department of Health and Human Services and the Texas Department of Health and Human Services (DSHS)) were also key
audiences. More specifically, the nurses ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A common theme found among these two news releases alone is extreme transparency from the CDC beginning on day one. In fact, in the news
release that was distributed on Sept. 30, the CDC explicitly states, "We do know how to stop Ebola's further spread." This is extremely important
because it demonstrates the CDC's efforts to be forthcoming with information in an effort to put the public at ease. In addition, a news release
distributed on Sept. 30 by the DSHS also acknowledged the confirmation of the Ebola diagnosis. Although this release is short, it is to the point,
straightforward and honest. I think it was wise of the DSHS to format the news release in bullets because it was easy to read, short and not too
detailed. During a crisis like this, the public wants short news releases that are also informational. Another overarching theme throughout the news
releases in the first few days was that the CDC was working with Presby, DSHS and Dallas County in unison to conduct a thorough investigation. The
Dallas County Department of Health and Human Services also released a statement on Sept. 30 acknowledging that they were aware of the Ebola
diagnosis. Already, there were three separate entities releasing valuable information on the same day about the same crisis. I think this speaks

Heart Disease : Disease Control And Prevention
Heart disease has been around as early as the 1900s and is the number one killer of men and women in the United States. According to the CDC
about 610,000 people die of heart disease in the United States every year, which is 1 in every 4 deaths ("Heart Disease Facts." Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Killing roughly over 370,000 people yearly, coronary heart disease is clearly the
most common type of heart disease ("Heart Disease Facts." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).
Even though the cause and effects of heart disease began to become visible around the 1900s, the actual history of this disease dates as far back as
ancient Egypt. During the 1800s, a German Egyptologist and novelist, Georg Ebers came across an Egyptian papyrus in Thebes. In it had data
regarding information on how to detect heart failure. With his discovery, the Egyptians basically knew how the heart operates and how to spot the
symptom and treat the problem. Other names for heart disease are: Arrhythmia, Broken heart syndrome, Coronary heart disease, Coronary
microvascular disease, Heart failure, and Sudden cardiac arrest.
Before I get any further, we must first know what heart disease actually is? Well, heart disease is a range of conditions that affect your heart. What
Causes Heart Disease? Studies show that heart disease starts with damage to the lining and inner layers of the coronary heart

The Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (Cdc) Claim
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) claim that immunizations are one of the most successful interventions in public health history
(2015). The CDC is qualified to make this statement as research shows the vaccinations have eradicated smallpox and nearly eliminated the polio
virus, in addition to diminishing the occurrences of preventable infectious diseases such as measles, diphtheria and whooping cough (2015). However,
despite the statistics and research, in 2015, only 71.6% of the children between 19 and 35 months received the combined 7 vaccine series (CDC, 2015).
This decline in vaccination rate can have devastating effects not only on the individual child, but also on the community, as a whole. Consequently,...
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In today's society, the parents have a right to refuse or discontinue treatment. However, when parental decisions are not in the best interest of the child
and potentially dangerous to the child's health, health care practitioners have a responsibility to advocate for the child and challenge those decisions,
as is the case with vaccinations. Childhood vaccinations have profound effects on both the child and the society. For every child that is vaccinated,
33,000 lives are saved and 14 million cases of diseases are prevented (Nicastro & Rejman, 2012). Smallpox has been completely eradicated through
vaccinations, the rubella immunization has nearly eliminated the harmful effects of deafness and blindness created by the congenital rubella syndrome,
and the stereotypical gait, leg braces, iron lung and associated infections created by polio are no longer prevalent due to the polio vaccination (Ferbach,
2011). Fortunately, today's generation has never had to witness the devastating effects of these highly contagious diseases.
Not only have the vaccinations created a healthier community as it avoids preventable diseases, it also reduced healthcare costs exponentially; 9.9
billion dollars in direct costs are prevented and 33.4 billion dollars of indirect costs are avoided as a direct result of immunizations (Nicastro &
Rejman, 2012). Given these facts, it is surprising to see that 85% of healthcare providers that see children have

Vaccinations And The Prevention Of Infectious Diseases Essay
Kristen DeFlorio Student ID: 22339369 Introduction to Biology, SCI120 Research Project Number 25011100 11/29/2016 VACCINATIONS
Throughout history, vaccinations have been used to help the prevention of infectious diseases; some of which can produce serious illnesses, crippling
disabilities, and ultimately be the cause of death. There is evidence of ancient culture's attempting to treat transmittable diseases with various forms of
inoculations. Developments in the research of vaccinations increased during the mid–twentieth century because of the established of more advanced
laboratories, improved equipment, and new innovations. The progression of medicine during history has helped further the development of research
into vaccinations. Several cultural, ethical, and religious issues have resulted from the development and use of vaccinations in our society. The topic of
vaccinations has caused a strong debate amongst our culture about the safety and danger of treating infectious diseases with such methods. Through
the understanding of infectious diseases, researchers have been able to create several types of vaccines to help prevent a variety of life–threatening
illnesses. Scientists develop immunizations using different techniques to treat diseases. These types include: live, killed, toxoids, subunit, and
conjugate vaccines. Vaccinations that are the live type use a specific process which when administered will expose the patient to the actual disease, but
in a much

The Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC) And...

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