E-Resource Librarian Competencies in 2017
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June 2017 presentation at the NASIG Annual Conference on the Core Competencies for E-Resources Librarians
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E-Resource Librarian Competencies in 2017
- 1. Competencies for E-Resource Librarians Redux: What Do They Look Like in 2017? Sarah W. Sutton, @sarahwws & Rachel Collinge NASIG Annual Conference, Indianapolis, IN June 9, 2017
- 2. NASIG’s Core Competencies for E- Resources Librarians “Perhaps the most official and significant update to the work of electronic resources librarians occurred with the publication of NASIG’s Core Competences for Electronic Resources Librarians in 2013” (Verminski & Blanchat, 2017) NASIG’s Core Competencies for E-Resources Librarians https://goo.gl/dH1Utp
- 3. Research Questions • What did the job of an e-resources librarian (ERL) look like in 2016? • Where, i.e. in what types of libraries, are e-resources librarians employed? • What qualifications did employers of ERLs seek in 2016? • Have the job or the qualifications for the job changed since 2010? • How, if at all, should the Core Competencies for E-Resources Librarians be revised?
- 4. Research Methodology • Data Source: Job Ads • Qualifications • Position Description • Content Analysis • Codebook • 95% Inter-coder reliability
- 5. What did the job of an e- resources librarian (ERL) look like in 2016? • Where, i.e. in what types of libraries, are e-resources librarians employed? • What qualifications did employers of ERLs seek in 2016?
- 6. In what types of libraries, are e-resources librarians employed? in 2016? 88% 1% 2% 6% 3% LIBRARY TYPE Academic Law Medical Public Unassigned Library Type n Academic 93 Law 1 Medical 2 Public 7 Unassigned 3 106
- 7. In what types of libraries, are e-resources librarians employed? in 2016? 46% 22% 10% 10% 5% 4% 3% ACADEMIC LIBRARY SIZE R1 - Doctoral Universities – Highest research activity M1 - Master's Colleges and Universities – Larger programs R2 - Doctoral Universities – Higher research activity R3 - Doctoral Universities – Moderate research activity B1 M2 S4-2 Size n R1 37 M1 18 R2 8 R3 8 B1 4 M2 3 S4-2 2 n = 89
- 8. In what types of libraries, are e-resources librarians employed? in 2016? Additional responsibility (academic job titles) n % of dual title jobs Acquisitions 12 35% Serials 6 18% Resource Management 5 15% Collections/Access Services 5 15% Licensing 4 12% Web Resources 4 12% Collection Assessment 3 9% Distance Education/Learning 2 6% Instruction 2 6% Discovery 1 3% Research 1 3%
- 9. What qualifications did employers of ERLs seek in 2016? Qualification Ads (n=106) % of Ads ALA MLS (R) 70 66% Personal Skills (R) 62 58% Library services platform (P) 49 46% Library Settings (P) 46 43% Library Settings (R) 42 40% E-resources management (R) 38 36% Library services platform (R) 32 30% E-resources management (P) 30 28%
- 10. What qualifications did employers of ERLs seek in 2016? 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% ALA MLS E-resources management Library services platform Library Settings Personal Skills 66% 36% 30% 40% 58% 0% 28% 46% 43% 0% Required Preferred All ads/libraries n = 108
- 11. What qualifications did employers of ERLs seek in 2016? 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% ALA MLS Library Settings Technologies & Applications Personal Skills Project Management 71% 57% 57% 43% 29% 0% 29% 57% 43% 0% Top Qualifications: Public Libraries (n = 7) Preferred Required
- 12. What qualifications did employers of ERLs seek in 2016? 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% ALA MLS Library Settings Personal Skills Library services platform E-resources management 67% 42% 62% 32% 41% 0% 44% 26% 49% 32% Top Qualifications: Academic Libraries (n = 93) Preferred Required
- 13. Influence of Library Size on Frequently Sought Qualifications Qualification Library Size R1 (n = 37) R2 (n=8) R3 (n=8) M1 (n=18) ALA MLS (R) 81% 75% 38% 83% Personal Skills (R) 76% 63% 38% 61% Library Settings (R) 59% 38% 38% 33% Library Settings (P) 57% 38% 39% Library services platform (P) 54% 38% 38% 67% E-resources management (R) 49% 63% 50%
- 14. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 15. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 16. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 17. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 18. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 19. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 20. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 21. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 22. What ARE “Personal Skills”? Create a word cloud for this slide
- 23. Have the qualifications for the job changed since 2010?
- 24. Frequency of Qualifications 97% 51% 37% 33% 97% 45% 79% 44% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% ALA-accredited MLS Industry trends E-Resources management Licensing Frequncy (n=190) Frequency (n=106)
- 25. Frequency of Qualifications 2009-10 Qualification (Sutton, 2011) Frequncy (n=190) 2016 Qualification Frequency (n=106) Prioritize 28.95% Leadership & management 46% Supervise 27.37% Integrated library system (ILS) 55.26% Library services platform 91% ER management systems (ERMS) 26.32% Link resolvers 38.42% Technology & systems (general) 32.63% Technology & applications 55% Reporting software (e.g. Excel, Access, SQL) 31.05%
- 26. Frequency of Qualifications 2009-10 Qualification (Sutton, 2011) Frequncy (n=190) 2016 Qualification Frequenc y (n=106) Interpersonal communication 42.11% Personal Skills-- Communcation 100% Work independently 31.05% Verbal Communication 55.26% Written communication 54.74% Flexibility in the face of change 31.58% Customer service orientation 34.74% Organizational skills 33.68% Analytical, problem solving 45.79% Work collaboratively 54.21%
- 27. How, if at all, should the Core Competencies for E-Resources Librarians be revised?
- 28. Some Conclusions • Library size doesn’t matter (much). • Public libraries seem to be seeking Technologies & Applications and Project Management skills, but • It’s too early to tell whether library type matters. • It’s probably not yet time to revise NASIG’s Core Competencies for E-Resources Librarians
- 29. Some Limitations • Relatively small data set • Influence of NASIG’s Core Competencies for E- Resources Librarians?
- 30. What do YOU think?
- 31. References Sutton, S. (2011, May). Identifying core competencies for electronic resources librarians in the twenty-first century library (doctoral dissertation). Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX. Verminski, A. & Blanchat, K. M. (2017). Fundamentals of electronic resources management. Chicago: Neal-Schuman.
Editor's Notes
- Me & my history w/r/t CCERL Current qualifications Who is Rachel
- History of CCERLs Quote from the 2017 ERM book about the CCERLs
- Research questions (so far we’ve only coded the qualifications, need to code job descriptions in the ads… comparisons are made to my dissertation data, on which the CCERLs are, in part, based Data analysis is ongoing, results are what I’ve found so far, particularly those that are relevant to the ERLCCs Research is ongoing, continuing to collect job ads for a larger analysis looking for research partners, anyone want to help?)
- Like last time, used job ads based on the assumption that employers convey in job ads the competencies, e.g. the qualifications they seek for any given professional position Collected job ads from list servs and web sites including those published by national, specialized professional organizations like NASIG, state level library associations, and SLIM’s jobs list; Note: Sample consisted of 106 job ads posted in 2016. Created code book for qualifications (explain how) Two coders, 95% inter-coder reliability
- Where we’re going
- 1. Looked at the types of libraries that were advertising ER positions…my suspicion was that more and more PLs were hiring the equivalent of ERLs Some ads, about 7, which is fewer than in 2010, were “disqualified” because we couldn’t access the full advertisement, e.g. only a link existed to an institutional page that had been taken down after the position was filled. Academics still dominate, at least in terms of being identifiable as positions where e-resources related responsibilities are predominate; limitations: Other libs, especially PLs, often don’t’ have positions that are labeled as e-resources, e.g. in one of ours ERM was bundled into a Youth Services position Other libs may not advertise open positions in the same venues as academics do, if at all But, because we were interested specifically in whether there were more ER jobs in PLs, we were looking much more closely at the content of each ad for ER related responsibilities There was at least one more public library that was disqualified because we couldn't obtain the full ad. Data sourced from: /Users/ssutton3/OneDrive - emporia.edu/Rachel C and Sarah/Classification Assignments-Job Ad 2017-6-2.xlsx – Charts tab
- There were a total of 89 academic libraries, I didn’t include on this chart those where there was only one. Still make up the largest proportion of libraries seeking ERLs Carnegie R1, R2, R3, and M1 make up the largest proportion of academic libraries seeking ERLs the job still most often includes the words “electronic resources” or “e-resources” (48%), but sometimes still includes the word “digital” (9%) even when the job doesn’t have responsibilities for digitization, which can be confusing. the term “acquisitions” is also often used (19%) “director” and “head” are used 12% of the time, suggesting that these positions at least are not entry level Data sourced from: /Users/ssutton3/OneDrive - emporia.edu/Rachel C and Sarah/Classification Assignments-Job Ad 2017-6-2.xlsx – Charts tab
- Dual titles are used in 29% of ER position job titles (29%) in academic libraries, iincluding those listed in the table. the job still most often includes the words “electronic resources” or “e-resources” (48%), but sometimes still includes the word “digital” (9%) even when the job doesn’t have responsibilities for digitization, which can be confusing. the term “acquisitions” is also often used (19%) “director” and “head” are used 12% of the time, suggesting that these positions at least are not entry level No clear patterns w/r/t what size libraries combine responsibilities I’ll have more detailed information on job responsibilities when I’ve analyzed the job responsibilities from the ads I ‘ve collected. Data source:/Users/ssutton3/OneDrive - emporia.edu/Rachel C and Sarah/Classification Assignments-Job Ad 2017-6-2.xlsx; Job Titles tab
- All library types, all ads Explain “R” and “P”…then go on to the next slide = pie chart
- Over all of the ads from all library types and sizes. Split between required and preferred…but even ignoring the lower numbers these are still the top five qualifications sought. ALA MLS = obvious ERM = the specific term “e-resources management” or “electronic resources management”; note that other, more specific parts of ERM were coded separately Library Services Platform = “Software and hardware developed specifically for use in libraries, such as UStat, Alma, Primo, OCLC, WMS, ILLiad, e-resources management system, discovery layer, integrated library systems, EDI/EDIFACT, knowledge bases, EZProxy, link resolvers, A-to-Z lists,” Library Settings = we used this category any time a particular type of library is mentioned; includes mention of years of (professional) experience needed Personal Skills = “soft skills” that aren’t related specifically to ERL, some are related to librarianship (or at least we think of them that way) but most are what I would consider behavioral skills or even mindset necessary for getting along in the professional world. More on personal skills shortly Data source: /Users/ssutton3/OneDrive - emporia.edu/Rachel C and Sarah/Nodes with source and reference counts 2017-6-5.xlsx; Charts and Tables tab
- Technologies and applications = software and hardware not specific to libraries, e.g. wordprocessing, spreadsheets, database management (e.g. Access), but also more sophisticated things like media development software, i.e. Camtasia, Articulate, Panopto, Project Management = obvious It's hard to draw conclusions from the PL data or to compare them to the AL data because there are too few (statistically speaking). Data Source: /Users/ssutton3/OneDrive - emporia.edu/Rachel C and Sarah/Nodes and SOURCES by library type and size 2017-6-6.xlsx; PL Charts and Tables tab
- Talk about what they have in common w/ PL and what’s different Data Source: /Users/ssutton3/OneDrive - emporia.edu/Rachel C and Sarah/Nodes and SOURCES by library type and size 2017-6-6.xlsx; PL Charts and Tables tab
- Almost everybody requires an ALA accredited MLS In most academic libraries almost half require Personal Skills Almost everybody requires or prefers experience in a particular library setting (e.g. academic) Almost everybody prefers experience with a particular set of library service platform (e.g. ILS, ERM, Discovery System, etc.) The research intensity among R libraries is directly proportional to the percentage of libraries/empolyers in the groups that sought the top five qualifications: ALA MLS, Personal Skills, Library Settings, Service Platforms, and ERM In most of these (above) cases, the qualification was sought by 50% or more of the libraries. Conclusion: the most frequently sought qualifications don’t vary to any great extent by the size of the library Some of the qualification areas that we identified in our pilot test but did not find to be often required qualifications were: Scholarly Communication, Copyright, Intellectual Property, Instruction, Collection Development, knowledge of Scripting Languages, and Web Development skills But while ScholCom, Copyright, Intellectual Property, Scripting, were also seldom preferred, Instruction, Collection Development, and Web Development skills were more often preferred
- Word cloud of the words that appear in ads coded to Personal Skills (R). Very similar to Personal Skills (P). Aside from the generic terms, like ability, skill, working, excellent, etc. the words that appear most frequently are communication (next slide)
- interpersonal
- collaborative
- Written, oral, and verbal
- Team and independently
- service
- Problem, solving, analytical
- Flexibility, creative, initiative, adapt, complex
- Although they returned quite similar results, it’s important for me to say that the 2009-10 results are from my own research, not that of the Core Competencies for ERLs Task Force’s research (so all errors are my own). These are the straightforward comparisons, where the 2009-10 qualification was very similar to the 2016 qualifications ALA accredited MLS is still the most often sought qualification, virtually no change compared to 2010. Industry trends are quite similar Increases in the number of 2016 ads where e-resources management skills and licensing skills were sought might be accounted for by the fact that e-resources librarianship is not as new a position as it once was and that more librarians are entering the job market with some ERM coursework or experience. Even though almost 80% of ads included specific mention of e-resources management in 2016, it’s still a little bit surprising to me that all of them don’t
- Here’s where the comparison gets a little tricky. We wanted to capture as much as we could from the 2016 before we started making comparisons, so we created a new codebook based on 2016 ads, rather than using the categories that emerged from the 2009-10 data. But that resulted in some differences in granularity in the categories. The terms "supervis," "supervising," and "supervisory" appear in 45 ads Library Services Platform, into which we lumped ILSs, in 2017 were sought 91% of the time, but The word "integrated" appeared in 68% of the ads, and words related to the names of specific ILSs appear 96 times (no % because there may be some overlap) The word "erm" or "ermsystems" apeared in 17% of the ads, but this doesn't include mentions of specific erms products and, like link resolvers, is becoming more difficult to count because of the existence of whole library systems like Alma (which was mentioned in 10% (11) ads). The words "link" and "resolver" appeared in 16% of ads, but this is getting more difficult to count because of the integration of link resolvers into ILSs and discovery systems so this number may be a bit low. Technology & applications excludes library specific applications; it’s being asked for more often now than 5 years ago
- Here again, in 2009-10 personal skills categories were much more granular than in the 2016 data. However, there is still something to be learned here if we include the data from the word cloud I showed you earlier. Personal Skills, in which we lumped communication skills, in 2017 were sought 100% of the time. Now that doesn’t mean that communication skills specifically ARE sought 100% of the time, but communication figured prominently in the word cloud of terms we pulled from the job ad snippets related to PS, and, in fact, the word “communication” appeared in 97.5% of the job ads. The terms "supervis," "supervising," and "supervisory" appear in 45 ads If anything, communication skills have become even more important to employers than they were six years ago.
- Here’s the big question.
- In 2016, more academic libraries than any other type hired ERLs (88%), and among those, the hiring institutions were most often graduate degree granting institutions (R1, M1, R2, & R3 combined = (88%), but The most frequently sought qualifications don’t vary to any great extent by the size of the library. Public libraries seem to be seeking Technologies & Applications and Project Management skills more than academic libraries…but it may be too soon to tell whether this is a true trend. It’s probably not time for a revision yet, at least not before some additional inquiry
- Limitations: Data explored includes only 2016 job ads, since academic libraries still by far employ more ERLs than other types of libraries, and since the academic hiring cycle can often take an entire academic year, we need to explore a larger the CCERLs have influenced job ads so the causes of change are difficult to identify