Grammar based design tools: issues of representation and interaction
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This document discusses issues related to representing and interacting with shape grammars for conceptual design. Shape grammars can support designers' thinking by offering design alternatives, but computer implementations face challenges of representation, interaction, and computational complexity. Restrictions in early systems focused on proof of concepts rather than practical use. Ongoing research looks at grammar development environments, general shape interpreters, parameterized forms, curved shapes, and other applications, but it remains unclear how close researchers are to truly useful grammar-based design tools.
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Grammar based design tools: issues of representation and interaction
- 1. Grammar based design tools: Issues of representation and interaction Scott Chase Architecture, Design & Media Technology Aalborg University scha@create.aau.dk http://homes.create.aau.dk/scha/ Designing With Vision Workshop The Open University, 8 June 2010 http://design.open.ac.uk/DV/
- 2. Challenge We want conceptual design tools that support designers’ ways of thinking and working and enhance creativity, e.g. offering design alternatives difficult or not possible without the use of such tools. 2
- 5. Grammar applications • Analysis • Grammar construction from a corpus of designs • Synthesis • New grammars of design styles • Transformation • From one design style to another • Change of design brief • Hybrid, crossover designs 5
- 6. Emergence
- 7. Unexpected results Rule Derivation Initial shape 7
- 8. Emergent forms Ru le R Ini ti al sha pe S derivation emergent forms 8
- 9. Grammar computational complexity A33 Darker areas indicate more computational complexity Other factors: •Symbolic/semantic information •Composite representations A00 Parametric shape String grammars Set grammars Shape grammars grammars grammars) (graph grammars) (shape schema
- 10. 10
- 11. Grammar use & interaction Design evaluation Grammar evaluation Grammar transformation
- 12. Issues for computer implementation • Maximal element representations create huge computational issues (e.g. combinatorial explosion) • Designer interaction with such systems is a challenge • e.g. how to present all possibilities to the designer
- 13. Common implementation restrictions • ‘Toy’ systems, e.g. proof of concept • Single design application, hard coded • Representation restrictions, e.g. set grammars, raster representations • Design restrictions, e.g. orthogonal designs only Do these restrictions keep us from moving forward?
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- 15. GEdit 15
- 16. EifForm Dome Planar truss grammar Canopy/landscape
- 17. DSSG project overview … we anticipate three intertwined cycles Communication between the two The Shape The Synthesis designer System designing generating shapes shapes http://www.engineering.leeds.ac.uk/dssg/
- 18. Classification of shape rules participant 1
- 20. Recent grammar implementations To be demonstrated at DCC 2010, 11 July 1. Grammar development environment 2. General interpreter for rectilinear forms 3. 3D parameterised primitives 4. Curved shapes 5. Machining planning 6. Subshape detection w/computer vision 7. Mass customised housing
- 25. So, while there is ongoing research activity looking at issues of representation, interaction and use, how close are we to having truly useful grammar based design aids? 25
Editor's Notes
- DSSG & DV projectsGrammarsRepresentationEmergenceInteraction & restrictions required
- Applications of shape grammarsAnalysis of an existing body of workGeneration of existing designsCreation of new designs not in the existing set, but in the same styleTransformation of an existing style into a new language of formsDevelopment of a new, stylistically consistent language of forms
- All possible subshapes of S that can be produced by transformations of A.A: 4 lines; S: 8 lines22 subshapes shown here, none of which can be found if using non-decomposable representation30 segments needed in that case
- TapiaRange of scales for patternsRestricted field/areaTypes of transformationsCompositions of integer translations multiples of 90° rotations, reflections along grid lines, integer proportional scalingsAfter presenting choiceTerminate the process and either accept or reject the resulting designLet the system generate a design n levels down the treeResize or remove the boundaries of the area of interestRestrict the area of rule applicationChaseGranularity