Parasites Lesson PowerPoint

• Two general types of parasites
–Endoparasites: Inside your body.
–Ectoparasites: Outside your body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are
very important and should be recorded in
your science journal.

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow
directions, complete projects as described
and answer required questions neatly.

• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
“Hoot, Hoot”
“Good Luck!”

• What is the most deadly animal on the
planet?

• And the most dangerous animal on the
planet is… The Mosquito

• Between 1 and 1.5 million people die
each year from just Malaria which is
carried by the mosquito.

• The mosquito injects an anticoagulant to
keep the blood from clotting. This
anticoagulant holds many pathogens.

• Malaria, West Nile Virus, Yellow Fever,
EEE, Many other types of Encephalitis,
Dengue Fever, Rift Valley Fever.

• West Nile Virus
– Optional Video.

• To avoid some mosquito borne illnesses,
wear protective clothes, repellant, avoid
mosquito areas, and avoid times when
they are most active, dawn and dusk.

• To limit mosquitoes near your home,
eliminate places for the larvae to develop
in standing water. Where can stagnant
water can be found near your house?

 New Area of Focus: Parasitism

 Parasitism: One organism benefits while
the other is harmed.

“I’m sick of
studying dumb
stuff” “Why
should I care
about studying
parasites?”

• 1 in 3 American suffers in some form from
a parasite.
– Learn about them to help yourself.

“I’m sorry
that I yelled
earlier.” “I
didn’t know
that.”

• Caution! Disgusting parasites ahead.
– Be prepared to be grossed out. Close your
eyes if needed.

• Parasites are one on the most numerous
and successful groups of organisms on
the planet.
– For every species on earth, they may host a
handful of unique parasites.

• Most parasites have very complicated life
cycles,

• Most parasites have very complicated life
cycles, often going through a number of
different species before finding a host.

• Video (Optional) Zombie Snail and the
complicated life cycles of many parasites.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWB_COS
UXMw (1:22)

• Parasites damage their host by consuming
tissues, and releasing toxins.

 Two general types of parasites

Endoparasites: Inside your body.

Endoparasites: Inside your body.
Ectoparasites: Outside your body.

• Worms make up some of the common
parasites that affects humans.

• A few endoparasites that affect humans.
– Tape worms

• If a child frequently itches their butt, you
should check to see if they have contracted
pinworm.

• Pinworm: Medication works, but a
flashlight and small spoon is also required.

Pinworms

Pinworms
Anus

“Yummy!”
“These
Pinworm eggs
taste great
when I bite
my nails.”

• Guinea worms can be very large.
– Video! (Optional) Caution Graphic!
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qwk-
THcjmlI

• Brain Worm – Affects Moose. Slime from
snail passes the parasite between species.

• Heartworms – Dogs
– Common parasite

• Some common ectoparasites.
– Fleas

• Crab (louse) legs and claws are highly
adapted to cling to pubic hairs on the human
body.

“Ahhh, good job
little baby crab.”

“Your almost
there.” “Just keep
climbing up the
pubic hair.”

• This strange louse is a tongue eating
parasite that lives in a fishes mouth.

• Zombie Snail
– Parasitic flatworm
– Eggs exist in bird droppings, and when snail
eats droppings, the parasite crawls into
eyestalk and pulse.
– A bird comes by and eats eye stalk / parasite
and snail loses eye.

• Zombie Snail
– Caused by parasitic flatworm
– Eggs exist in bird droppings, and when snail
eats droppings, the parasite crawls into
eyestalk and begins to pulse. (Caterpillar?)
– A bird comes by and eats eye stalk / parasite
and snail loses eye.

• Video Link! Optional, Zombie Snail
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Go_LIz7kTok

• Video – Wasp parasite and aphids
– Are all parasites bad to humans?
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLtUk-
W5Gpk

• Mosquito
– A parasite that carries the malaria parasite.

• The Candiru or toothpick fish…

• Video Link! The Candiru
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQWgUht-
ObI

• The Candiru or toothpick fish sucks blood
and can enter any open human orifice.

• Some PowerPoint advice!
– Involve people. I need two volunteers, one
boy and one girl to read the next slide.

PowerPoint advice: You should…

PowerPoint advice: You should… KISS
-or read the next slide.

• PowerPoint advice: “KISS”
–Keep
–It
–Simple
–Silly

• PowerPoint Advice:
– Cheesy Effects do not help your presentation.
– Waiting for information is a waste of time.
– Animations can take away from your
presentation.
– Wait! I‟m not finished reading this. Where is it
going? I‟m not ready yet! “Arrrgh, I hate
animations!”

• Sound effects combined with effects is
even worse.

How is this color combination?
Do you want to sit through 25
slides of Twinkie Yellow? Be smart
about your color choice.
“Keep it Simple”

I really enjoy this background color and font
style. I also wanted to make a pretty font.
Black and white is so boring!
Is this font to small?
Is this Font to
Big?

Tornado Formation
– A tornado is a violently rotating column of air in contact with and extending
between a cloud (often a thunderstorm cloud) and the surface of the earth.
Winds in most tornadoes blow at 100 mph or less, but in the most violent, and
least frequent, wind speeds can exceed 250 mph.
– Tornadoes, often nicknamed "twisters," typically track along the ground for a
few miles or less and are less than 100 yards wide, though some monsters can
remain in contact with the earth for well over fifty miles and exceed one mile in
width.
– Several conditions are required for the development of tornadoes and the
thunderstorm clouds with which most tornadoes are associated. Abundant low
level moisture is necessary to contribute to the development of a thunderstorm,
and a "trigger" (perhaps a cold front or other low level zone of converging
winds) is needed to lift the moist air aloft.
– Once the air begins to rise and becomes saturated it will continue rising to
great heights and produce a thunderstorm cloud, if the atmosphere is unstable.
An unstable atmosphere is one where the temperature decreases rapidly with
height.
– Atmospheric instability can also occur when dry air overlays moist air near the
earth's surface. Finally, tornadoes usually form in areas where winds at all
levels of the atmosphere are not only strong, but also turn with height in a
clockwise, or veering, direction.
– Tornadoes can appear as a traditional funnel shape, or in a slender rope-like
form. Some have a churning, smoky look to them, and others contain "multiple
vortices" - small, individual tornadoes rotating around a common center. Even
others may be nearly invisible, with only swirling dust or debris at ground level
as the only indication of the tornado's presence.

Tornado Formation
width.
height.
Some PowerPoint advice!

Tornado Formation
width.
height.
Only a few words per slide.

Tornado Formation
width.
height.
NO Paragraphs! NO Reading!

Tornado Formation
width.
height.
NO Copy and Paste.

Tornado Formation
width.
height.
NO Copy and Paste.
It’s cheating and boring.

• Some PowerPoint advice
– Visuals are more important than words.
– This is a picture of a tornado forming.

• Some PowerPoint advice
– Visuals are more important than words.
– This is a picture of a tornado forming.
Note – Cyclonic formation

• The requirements of this project in in 10
seconds.
– Don‟t make your presentation PowerPointless.

• Activity! Creating a PowerPoint Presentation
on parasites.
• Fact sheet in activities folder
– Visit the cdc website to find A-Z list of parasites and choose one of
interest (10 minutes)
• http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/
– 1 Slide Title Page: Common and science name of parasite.
– 2/3 slides: Pictures of parasite / host
– 2/3 slides: How do you get it / transmitted?
– 3 slides: How it effects it‟s host (health effects)?
– 1 slide: How do you treat this parasite?
– 1 Slide: What‟s the life cycle of this parasite?
– Works cited page optional but encouraged, use APA format.

Activity Sheet! Parasite Research Sheet
- Found in activities folder.

• Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis).

• Scabies is spread from person to person
contact

• People don‟t usually have symptoms during
the first 2 to 6 weeks they are infested (CDC,
2010).

• The scabies mite can be spread during this
time.

• The microscopic scabies mite burrows into
the upper layer of the skin.

• The microscopic scabies mite burrows into
the upper layer of the skin. (CDC, 2010).
Lays Eggs in Skin

• Picture of rash caused by the burrowing
scabies mite.

• The rashes and infections can be minor,
• Or the they can very serious.

• Scabies occurs worldwide and can infect
anyone.

• Picture of scabies mite infecting homeless in
Norway.

• Scabies life cycle goes from egg to nymph to
adult.

• Scabicides are used to kill scabies and eggs.
– Doctor‟s prescription is needed.

• Learn more at…http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/

• Works Cited
• Centers For Disease Control. (2010,
November 2). Parasites - scabies.
Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/scabies/in
dex.html

• Information to complete works cited page
can be found at…
• http://citationmachine.net/index2.php

• Video Link! How to make a PowerPoint.
– Note: This video is also a good example of an
extremely boring and ineffective PowerPoint.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUqIDs5MZxM

• Parasite Presentations.
– Each person should set-up their presentation
area so it‟s nice and neat.
– Students should record information about
parasites directly to their homework bundle.

• The Parasite Zone. Creepy music to play
during the presentations.
– Twilight Zone Intro: 30 Sec.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxf_Dvy0VLs
– Dark Ambient: 7 minutes.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1vjTJTRn48
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJyiTDAWzDA&feat
ure=related

• Video Link (Optional) Parasites with Hank.
• Please preview for language.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABeBqbBy2Lo

 Diseases can be spread by…
 -
 -
 -
 -

 Insects

• Lyme disease is carried by the deer tick /
black legged tick, not the wood / dog tick.
– Optional Video on Lyme Disease.

• Which tick below is a deer tick, and which
is dog tick? The deer tick carries Lyme
Disease.

• Dog Tick (No Lyme) Deer Tick / Black
Legged Tick
(Lyme)

• Dog Tick (No Lyme) Deer Tick / Black
Legged Tick (Lyme)

• Which is a deer tick (Lyme Disease) and
which is a dog tick?

Dog Tick

Dog Tick Deer tick
(Lyme Disease)

• Which is a dog / wood tick, and which is a
deer / black legged tick (Lyme Disease)?

• Answer! Dog Tick

• Answer! Dog Tick Deer Tick

• Ticks can be very small in their nymph
stages so you must search very well.

• Male dog tick

• Male dog tick Female dog tick

• Which dog tick is male, and which is
female?

Female dog tick

Female dog tick Male dog tick

• Which is the male dog tick and which is
the female?

• Answer: They are both male.

• Which of the four is a female tick?
A B
CD

• Which of the four is a deer tick?
A B
CD

• Which of the four is a deer tick? None
A B
CD

• Which of the four is a deer tick?
A B
D C

• Which of the four is a deer tick? Letter C
A B
D C

• Ticks climb to a spot, sometimes along a
well traveled path and “quest” for a host to
walk by and grab on.

• Which is a deer tick questing?

• The deer tick spreads a bacterium when it
bites a human and fills with blood.

• Tick Removal. What should you do?

•Tick Removal.
–1) Use fine-point
tweezers to grasp the
tick at the place of
attachment, as close to
the skin as possible.

•Tick Removal.
–2) Gently pull the tick
straight out.

•Tick Removal.
–3) Place the tick in a
small vial labeled with
the victim's name,
address and the date.

•Tick Removal.
–4) Wash your hands,
disinfect the tweezers
and bite site.

•Tick Removal.
–5) Mark your calendar
with the victim's name,
place of tick attachment
on the body, and general
health at the time.

•Tick Removal.
–6) Call your doctor to
determine if treatment is
warranted.

•Tick Removal.
–7) Watch the tick-bite site
and your general health for
signs or symptoms of a
tick-borne illness. Make
sure you mark any
changes in your health
status on your calendar.

•Tick Removal.
–8) If possible, have the
tick identified / tested by
a lab, your local health
department, or
veterinarian.

– Which is not a step you should take when
removing a tick?
– 1) Use fine-point tweezers to grasp the tick at the place
of attachment, as close to the skin as possible.
– 2) Squeeze the tick and twist before pulling it out.
– 3) Place the tick in a small vial labeled with the victim's
name, address and the date.
– 4) Wash your hands, disinfect the tweezers and bite site.
– 5) Mark your calendar with the victim's name, place of
tick attachment on the body, and general health at the
time.
– 6) Call your doctor to determine if treatment is
warranted.
– 7) Watch the tick-bite site and your general health for
signs or symptoms of a tick-borne illness. Make sure
you mark any changes in your health status on your
calendar.
– 8) If possible, have the tick identified/tested by a lab,
your local health department, or veterinarian.

– Which is not a step you should take when
removing a tick? And the Answer is…
– 1) Use fine-point tweezers to grasp the tick at the place
of attachment, as close to the skin as possible.
– 2) Squeeze the tick and twist before pulling it out.
– 3) Place the tick in a small vial labeled with the victim's
name, address and the date.
– 4) Wash your hands, disinfect the tweezers and bite site.
– 5) Mark your calendar with the victim's name, place of
tick attachment on the body, and general health at the
time.
– 6) Call your doctor to determine if treatment is
warranted.
– 7) Watch the tick-bite site and your general health for
signs or symptoms of a tick-borne illness. Make sure
you mark any changes in your health status on your
calendar.
– 8) If possible, have the tick identified/tested by a lab,
your local health department, or veterinarian.

• Squeezing the tick may force more
dangerous bacterium into your body.

– Gently pull the tick straight out.

– Gently pull the tick straight out.
– Gently so you don‟t rip it in two leaving the
head stuck in your skin.

• If you have been bitten by a tick and
develop a “bullseye” spot, seek medical
attention.

 Diseases can be spread by…
 - Insects
 -
 -
 -

 Air

 Water

• Water

 Food

 Person to person

• Video! A Sneeze sends out millions of mucus
particles at 100 mph. Back Again!
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVXukm1lNOs

• Video! A Sneeze sends out millions of mucus
particles at 100 mph.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e2QAGVMlns4
– Why is it so important that we cover our mouth?

– Activity: Shake the hand of the person next to
you.

• Not the best way to greet when you think
about disease transmission.
– Activity: Shake the hand of the person next to
you.

• Yum, viruses taste good!

• Millions upon millions of native peoples died as
a result of disease being brought over from
Europe. (No immunity)

• Video! The transportation of viruses. (5:40)
– Pandemic Planning?
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VwzjU0KRm3U

 Animal to Person (Contact)

• Avian Bird Flu (Possible Pandemic)
– Optional Video (10 minutes – Slow)
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4nqmyIcO78
E&feature=fvst

• Hantavirus: A deadly virus found on the
feces of mice. Avoid close contact (airborne
as well) with these droppings.

• Rabies and animals – Don‟t come in contact
with animal.

• Dispose of household trash in barrels that
are tamper proof. Remove often.

• „Ahh”, “I found this cute wild bunny outside
and I‟m going to raise it myself.

• Now it has to have its head cut off to check
for the rabies virus in the brain tissue or you
run the risk of death.

• Guess the hidden picture beneath the
boxes.
– Raise your hand when you think you know.
You only get one guess.

Mosquito – Most
Dangerous Animal
on the Planet

Parasites Lesson PowerPoint

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