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C.Riedinger 2011

What lies on the either side of the cranial foramina?

                    Name          Location (bone)           Structures passing through                    Other side
                    Cribriform    Anterior cranial fossa    Olfactory nerve (I)                           Ethmoidal air cells  nasal cavity
                    plate         (ethmoid)
                    Optic canal   Anterior cranial fossa    Optic nerve (II)                              Posterosuperomedial orbit
                                  (sphenoid)
                    Superior      Middle cranial fossa      Occulomotor nerve (III)                       Posteromedial orbit
                    orbital       (sphenoid)                Trochlear nerve (IV)
                    Fissure                                 Opthalmic division of trigeminal n. (Va)
                                                            Abducent nerve (VI)
                    Foramen       Middle cranial fossa      Maxillary division of the trigeminal n (Vb)   Pterygopalatine fossa,
                    Rotundum      (sphenoid)                                                              Inferior orbital fissure
                    Foramen       Middle cranial fossa      Mandibular division of the trigeminal (Vc)    Just on other side of sphenoid,
                    ovale         (sphenoid)                                                              More medial to temporomandibular
                                                                                                          joint
                                                                                                          =nasopharynx?
                    Foramen       Middle cranial fossa      Middle meningeal artery                       Just on other side of sphenoid,
                    spinosum      (sphenoid)                                                              Medial to temporomandibular joint
                                                                                                          =nasopharynx?
                    Foramen       Middle cranial fossa      Internal carotid but NOT all the way          Just on other side,
                    lacerum       (sphenoid)                through, exits instead via carotid canal      Between body of sphenoid,
                                                                                                          Basal part of occipital bone and
                                                                                                          temporal bone
                    Internal      Posterior cranial fossa   Facial nerve (VII)                            Through petrous part of temporal
                    auditory      (petrous part of          Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)                bone via middle ear to external
                    meatus        temporal bone)                                                          auditory meatus
                    Jugular       Posterior cranial fossa   Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)                   Medial to styloid process,
                    foramen       (between temporal and     Vagus nerve (X)                               Petrous part of temporal bone
                                  occipital bones)          Accessory nerve (XI)
                                                            Sigmoid sinus to inferior jugular vein
                    Hypoglossal   Posterior cranial fossa   Hypoglossal canal (XII)                       Just on other side of occiput,
                    canal         (occipital bone)                                                        next to articular facet of atlanto-
                                                                                                          occipital joint

(Pictures taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_of_skull)

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Overview Cranial Foramina

  • 1. C.Riedinger 2011 What lies on the either side of the cranial foramina? Name Location (bone) Structures passing through Other side Cribriform Anterior cranial fossa Olfactory nerve (I) Ethmoidal air cells  nasal cavity plate (ethmoid) Optic canal Anterior cranial fossa Optic nerve (II) Posterosuperomedial orbit (sphenoid) Superior Middle cranial fossa Occulomotor nerve (III) Posteromedial orbit orbital (sphenoid) Trochlear nerve (IV) Fissure Opthalmic division of trigeminal n. (Va) Abducent nerve (VI) Foramen Middle cranial fossa Maxillary division of the trigeminal n (Vb) Pterygopalatine fossa, Rotundum (sphenoid) Inferior orbital fissure Foramen Middle cranial fossa Mandibular division of the trigeminal (Vc) Just on other side of sphenoid, ovale (sphenoid) More medial to temporomandibular joint =nasopharynx? Foramen Middle cranial fossa Middle meningeal artery Just on other side of sphenoid, spinosum (sphenoid) Medial to temporomandibular joint =nasopharynx? Foramen Middle cranial fossa Internal carotid but NOT all the way Just on other side, lacerum (sphenoid) through, exits instead via carotid canal Between body of sphenoid, Basal part of occipital bone and temporal bone Internal Posterior cranial fossa Facial nerve (VII) Through petrous part of temporal auditory (petrous part of Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) bone via middle ear to external meatus temporal bone) auditory meatus Jugular Posterior cranial fossa Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) Medial to styloid process, foramen (between temporal and Vagus nerve (X) Petrous part of temporal bone occipital bones) Accessory nerve (XI) Sigmoid sinus to inferior jugular vein Hypoglossal Posterior cranial fossa Hypoglossal canal (XII) Just on other side of occiput, canal (occipital bone) next to articular facet of atlanto- occipital joint (Pictures taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_of_skull)