Foreign exchange performance of trust bank

Internship report on
Foreign Exchange
Performance and Bank’s
Profitability: an Evaluation
of TBL
PREPARED BY
Reazul Islam (Mobin)

BRAC Business School
Internship report on
Foreign Exchange Performance and
Bank’s Profitability: an Evaluation of TBL
Submitted By
ID: 07204011
Submitted To
Mr. Abdul Alim Baser
Lecturer
BRAC University
S U B M I S S I O N D A T E: SEPTEMBER 1 9, 2 0 1 1

Foreign Exchange Performance and Bank’s Profitability: An Evaluation of TBL

September 19, 2011
Mr.Abdul Alim Baser
Lecturer
BRAC University
Subject: Submission of Internship Report
Dear Sir,
It gives me enormous pleasure to submit the internship report on “Foreign Exchange
Performance and Bank’s Profitability: An Evaluation of TBL” as per instruction. I expect
this report to be informative as well as comprehensive.
While conducting the report, I have gathered lots of knowledge about banking system and many
unknown facts, problems and prospects of foreign exchange activities of different banks like
Trust Bank, Prime Bank, Eastern Bank, Dhaka Bank etc. This internship program and
preparation of report has given me the opportunity to acquaint myself with a reputed bank. I
believe that the experience I acquired from this study will facilitate me a lot in my future career
life.
It has also to be mentioned that without your expert advice and cooperation it would not have
been possible to complete this report. I shall be pleased to answer any sort of query you may
have regarding this report.
Sincerely yours,
------------------------------------------
ID: 07204011


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At first I desire to express my deepest sense of gratitude of almighty Allah.
I have completed my internship at Trust Bank Ltd (Gulshan Corporate Branch) from May 02,
2011 to August 02, 2011. My internship report won’t be possible without contribution of few
people.
With profound regard I gratefully acknowledge my respected course teacher Mr.Abdul Alim
Baser, Lecturer BRAC Business School of BRAC University for his constant assistance and
knowledgeable guidelines to carrying out the internship and preparation of the report. Without
his enthusiastic guidance and critical comments during the entire phase of the writing, it would
not be possible for me to prepare this.
I would like to tender my heartiest gratitude to Md Nurul Hasnat (Senior Vice President & Chief
Manager), Md. Abu Taher (Senior Assistance Vice President & Manager (Operation), Md. Abu
Zafar Shamsuddin (Senior Assistance Vice President & Manager (Credit & F. EX.), and Mr Md.
Salah Uddin Bhuiyan (In charge of Financial Control and Accounting Department), Mr Mosleh
Uddin (MTO) and Md. Abdul Razzak (Officer).They helped me with the very best opportunity
as much as possible. Without their sincere cooperation the completion of internship would be
nightmare.
Next I want to express special thanks to all the employees of Trust Bank Ltd, Gulshan Corporate
Branch.
I am very grateful and doubtful to few people, who helped me in many ways. They are: Mr. Md.
Jashim Uddin (Senior Officer-FX), Mr. Abidur Rahman (MTO), Mr. Mahmud (MTO), Mr. Anik
Ahmed, Mr. Sadat Hossain Khan and many more.
I am also grateful to the Human Resource Department of Trust Bank Limited for giving me the
opportunity to make my internship program in this organization. Their consideration favored me
to perform the internship and prepare this report. Otherwise, it would not possible for me to
complete the internship.


TABLE OF CONTENT
Item No Particulars Page No
Executive Summery v
Chapter 01 (Introduction)
1.1 Introduction 01
1.2 History 01
1.3 Product and Services 02
1.4 Vision 05
Chapter 02 (Project Description)
2.1 Origin of the Report 06
2.2 Objective of the study 06
2.3 Methodology 07
2.4 Limitation of the study 07
Chapter 03 (Job Description on TBL)
3.1 Working Experience at Trust Bank 09
3.2 Job As an Intern 09
3.3 Different Aspects of job Performance 11
3.4 Critical observation and Recommendation 11
Chapter 04 (Foreign Exchange Operation)
4.1 Foreign Exchange 13
4.2 Foreign Trade Department 13
4.3 Import 13
4.4 Dealing with foreign currency 15
4.5 Foreign Exchange activities of TBL 16
4.6 Export 20
4.7 Mode of payment of export bill under LC 21
4.8 Foreign remittance section 22
4.9 Outward remittance 22
4.9.1 Private Remittance 22
4.9.2 Official & Business Travel 24
4.9.3 Commercial Remittance 25
4.10 Inward Remittance 28
Chapter 05 (Performance Evaluation)
5.1 Foreign Exchange Performance 33
5.2 Finding of the study 38
Recommendation 39
Conclusion 40
Reference 41


EXECUTIVE SUMMERY
Importance of banking system in a country is increasing day by day. It is quite impossible for
any country to develop in industrial and commercial sector without sound banking system in
modern economic era.
Foreign exchange operation is one of the significant functions of the bank. It plays a vital role in
overall economy of the country. Bank collects information from numerous sources relating to
cost and revenue from foreign exchange operation. Through export, import, and foreign
remittances Foreign Exchange department of the banks earns their profit. Banks is the
intermediary of all export, import, and remittance activities.
Globalization of national economies has given a boost to international trade. The seller and the
buyer in an international trading transaction must agree for a product or its quality, price etc.
enter into a sales contract, spelling out precisely shipping and delivery details, terms of payment,
required documentation and other related issues including dispute settlement procedure and legal
framework available.
The impact on trade transactions currency policies of the importing and exporting countries and
risks associated with them, fraud possibilities in the transaction or in documents are also
necessary. A country cannot long continue to have a deficit on foreign current account but a
favorable balance of payments on current account may conceal a heavy adverse balance of
payments with one individual country or group of countries.
Foreign Exchange Market allows currencies to be exchanged to facilitate international trade and
financial transactions. After passing a lot of phases, present foreign exchange market has
established and performing to benefit all the parties incorporated here. There are basically three
players in the foreign exchange market of Bangladesh. Those are the Bangladesh Bank,
authorized dealers, and customers. This paper discussed regarding the related issues of foreign
exchange activities of Trust Bank Ltd.
v

Chapter-1
Organization
Overview


Page 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Financial institutions are investment intermediaries linking the savers and users of fund. These
intermediaries are interposed between the ultimate borrowers and lenders permitting them
efficient transfer of funds. Individuals having surplus funds can lend them for reasonable return
to entrepreneurs who need funds to take the advantage of economically and financially viable
investment opportunities. The existence of financial institutions facilitates such exchange of
resources. As a result, both the borrowers and lenders are better off than they would have been
without financial institutions and market intermediaries. Thus, these financial institutions, such
as banks, have a positive role in financing and investment which is a multidimensional process
involving the complexity of many interrelated and interdependent factors of diversified nature. It
is difficult to assess the contribution of each factor independently.
The key to successful banking lays in the ability of balance many activities simultaneously. The
bank must maintain a healthy growth rate, while at the same time it must take action to minimize
the risks it faces. The bank must also maintain enough cash on hand to meet obligations. All of
these are related to sound performance of a bank. The financial performance evaluation
demonstrates the strengths and weaknesses of bank performance over time. The Trust Bank Ltd.
has a responsibility to ensure efficient and effective banking operation in a sound manner. The
study will look at the amount of liquidity that TBL has available to meet any reasonable demands
that might have to meet, how it manages asset/liability, Foreign exchange Operation, what is the
position in terms of profitability and how the bank manages its capital so that it has sufficient
funds to remain solvent. This study is an attempt to the in-depth analysis of the Foreign
Exchange performance of The Trust Bank Ltd.
1.2 HISTORY
The Trust Bank limited (TBL), a private commercial bank sponsored by the Bangladesh Army
Welfare Trust, started its operations in November 29, 1999. They gained success from the very
beginning of their operation and were capable enough to hold the success year after year. They
gained success very early because they have a very strong backup to provide them financial


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support and they are the Army Welfare Trust. This bank is very much popular within the army
community because all the financial activities of the army done by this bank. In a recent days the
Trust Bank Ltd also gaining popularity in the general people and also for the business people.
In addition to ensuring quality customer services related to general banking the bank also deals
in Foreign Exchange transactions. In the mean time the bank has extended credit facilities to
almost all the sector of the country’s economy. The bank has plans to invest extensively in the
country’s industrial and agricultural sectors in the coming days.
It has also plans to promote the agro-based industries of the country. The bank has already
participated in syndicated loan agreement with other banks to promote textile sectors of the
country. Such participation would continue in the future for greater interest of the overall
economy. Keeping in mind the client’s financial and banking needs the bank is engaged in
constantly improving its services to the clients and launching new and innovative products to
provide better services towards fulfillment of growing demands of its customers.
The authorized capital of the bank is Tk. 5000 million. The Army Welfare Trust (AWT) is the
major shareholder bearing 51% share. Total shareholders’ equity at the end of March 2011 stood
at Tk. 5,342,107,706, where Paid-up capital is Tk. 2,217,606,200, statutory reserve is Tk 6
7,160,847 and Retained Earnings is Tk. 2 11,645,023. The Paid- up capital is indicative of the
face value of 5, 00,000 ordinary shares of Tk. 1,000/-each fully subscribed by the shareholders.
1.3 PRODUCT AND SERVICES
The bank serves its huge clientele with a variety of services apart from the traditional ones. Its
continual improvement and introduction of new products and services has given it an edge
over the competitors.
Deposit Products Investment Products
1) Fixed Deposit Receipt (FDR) 1) Corporate Financing
2) Trust Smart Savers Scheme (TSS) 2) Trust Consumer Durable Scheme
3) Trust Money Double Scheme (TMDS) 3) Trust Marriage Loan Scheme (TMLS)


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4) Trust Money Making Scheme (TMMS) 4) Trust Car Loan Scheme (TCLS)
5) Monthly Benefit Deposit Scheme (MBDS) 5) Trust House Building Loan Scheme (THLS)
6) Lakhopati Savings Scheme (LSS) 6) Trust Micro Credit for Renovation &
Reconstruction of Dwelling Houses7) Interest First Fixed Deposit Scheme (IFFDS)
International Trade Others
1) International Banking 1) Trust Locker Service (TLS)
2) Private Foreign Currency Accounts 2) Trust Tele Banking
3) Non Resident Foreign Currency Deposit A/C 3) SWIFT services
4) Resident Foreign Currency Deposit A/C 4) L/C Delivery Services
5) Travelers' Endorsement (Cash and Travelers
Cheque)
5) Merchant Banking Services
6) ATM services
6) Remittance of Foreign Currency 7) Priority banking service at Gulshan
corporate branch7) Import and Export Transaction
8) Foreign Exchange Dealing
9) Purchase of Foreign Currency Drafts, Cheque,
Travelers Cheque
10) Wage Earner's Development Bond
1.3.1 ISLAMIC BANKING PRODUCTS
Deposit Products Loan & Investment
1) Al-Wadiah Current Account 1) Qard Scheme
2) Al-Wadiah Term Loan 2) Home Loan
3) Mudaraba Savings Loan 3) Car loan
4) Mudaraba Term Loan


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1.3.2 DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS
Trust Bank divided its branch into 3 departments. Those are:
General Banking Section:
General Banking is the starting point of all the banking operations. This department assists in
taking deposits and simultaneously provides some ancillaries services. Every day it receives
deposits from the customers, meets their demand for cash by honoring cheques, opens bank
account etc. Under general Banking section in TBL Gulshan Corporate Branch, there are several
divisions.
Account opening (Current & Savings account) and Lockers services
Cash Department
Remittance Department
Account Opening (FDR & other
schemes)
Pay Order
Demand Draft (DD)
Telegraph Transfer (TT)
Financial Control & Accounts Department (FCAD)
Clearing Section
Foreign Exchange Department:
Foreign Exchange Department deals with import, export, and foreign remittance and post import
financing. This department is playing an important role in enhancing export earnings, which aids
economic growth and, in turn, will be helpful for economic development. On the other hand, it

Foreign Exchange Performance and Bank’s Profitability: An Evaluation of TBL Page 5

also helps to meet those goods and services, which are more demandable and not adequate in our
country. In TBL Gulshan Corporate Branch, foreign exchange department is doing following
activities on a regular basis:
Export & Import
Foreign currency endorsement
Wage Earner Development Bonds (WEDB)
Foreign Currency Account
Private Foreign Currency Account
Non-residential Foreign Currency Deposit Account
Residential Foreign Currency Deposit Account
Credit Department:
One of the core functions of commercial banks is to create and disburse of loan-able funds for
commercial & industrial activities. Bank distributes its funds among various sectors to derive
sufficient income. The credit department of TBL Gulshan Corporate Branch provides 3 category
loans.
Corporate loan
Retail banking unit
Small Medium Enterprise (SME)
1.4 VISION
Build a long-term sustainable financial institution through financial inclusion and deliver
optimum value to all stakeholders with the highest level of compliance.


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2.1 ORIGIN OF THE REPORT
Now a day, education is not just limited to books and classrooms. In today’s world, education is
the tool to understand the real world and apply knowledge for the betterment of the society as
well as business. From education the theoretical knowledge is obtained from courses of study,
which is only the half way of the subject matter. Practical knowledge has no alternative. The
perfect coordination between theory and practice is of paramount importance in the context of
the modern business world in order to resolve the dichotomy between these two areas. Therefore,
an opportunity is offered by BRAC University, for its potential business graduates to get three
months practical experience, which is known is as “Internship Program”. For the competition of
this internship program, the author of the study was placed in a bank namely, “The Trust Bank
Limited”. Internship Program brings a student closer to the real life situation and thereby helps to
launch a career with some prior experience.
This paper is titled “Foreign Exchange Performance and Bank’s Profitability: An Evaluation of
TBL” originated from the fulfillment of the BBA program. For the internship program, each
student is attached with an organization. My internship was at The Trust Bank Ltd., Gulshan
Corporate Branch, Dhaka. During my internship, I had to prepare a report under the supervision
of Mr. Abdul Alim Baser.
2.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
• To present an over view of The Trust Bank Ltd.
• To analysis the Foreign Exchange Transaction procedures maintained by the TBL
• To know overall activities of the Foreign Exchange division
• To learn about import, export and foreign remittance procedure of the bank
• To evaluate Foreign Exchange performance of The Trust Bank Ltd.
• To evaluate the success of Foreign Exchange operations


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• To identify problems in Foreign Exchange operations of The Trust Bank Ltd.
• To recommend suggestions for the successful Foreign Exchange Operations of the
Trust Bank Ltd.
2.3 METHODOLOGY
For preparing this paper, I used both Secondary and Primary data.
Collection of Primary Data:
Many of the data and information were collected from my practical experience and queries from
the executives while doing my internship at The Trust Bank Ltd. Information and data regarding
Overview of the TBL, interest rates & charges, Foreign Exchange operations, performance
measurement in Import & export, Foreign Exchange policies etc. were collected from this
sources.
Collection of Secondary Data:
Data regarding the Foreign Exchange operations and Performance Evaluation of The Trust Bank
Ltd. were collected from secondary sources like: Annual Reports, Brochures, Manuals and
Publication of The Trust Bank Ltd., Bangladesh Bank Library, DSE Library, News paper etc.
were the major sources of secondary date.
2.4 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The main problem faced in preparing the paper was the inadequacy and lack of availability of
required data. This report is an overall view of Foreign Exchange Operations of The Trust Bank
Ltd. But there is some limitation for preparing this report. These barriers, which hinder my work,
are as follows:


Difficulty in accessing latest data of internal operations.
Non-availability of some preceding and latest data.
Some information was withheld to retain the confidentiality of the bank.
I was placed to this department for only 3 months of time and working like a regular
employee hindered the opportunity to put the better effort for the study.
With all of this limitation I tried my best to make this report as best as possible. So readers are
requested to consider these limitations while reading and justifying any part of my study.


Page 9
3.1 WORKING EXPERIENCE AT TRUST BANK
Trust Bank Limited is a scheduled commercial Bank established under the Bank Companies
Act, 1991, which obtained license from Bangladesh Bank on July 15, 1999 and incorporated as
a Public Limited Company under the Companies Act, 1994 in Bangladesh on June 17, 1999.
Trust Bank Limited is one of the leading private commercial bank having a spread network of
56 branches across Bangladesh and plans to open few more branches to cover the important
commercial areas in Dhaka by the end of 2011. Being able to work in this organization I find
myself lucky. I got the opportunity to work with different departments in Gulshan Corporate
Branch of Trust Bank Ltd.
During the three months of my internship I was placed in the Gulshan Corporate Branch under
Mr. Nurul Hasnat, Chief Manger, GCB, Trust Bank Ltd. I heavily enjoyed the working
environment of this office. The work experience gave me a good idea of the overall banking
system of Bangladesh and taught me the professionalism at work place.
3.2 JOB AS AN INTERN
During the internship period at Trust Bank Ltd, I was placed in different departments on
rotation basis. At first I was in General banking section for six weeks, then in Retail Banking
Unit for four weeks and finally in Foreign Exchange section for two weeks. So it was a great
experience for me to work in different departments.
General Banking:
In General banking department I was place in remittance section. There I did different jobs as
per the official’s requirement. Though I was not assigned for specific responsibilities, but I did
basically customer management related jobs. My job descriptions are mentioned below:
Helping clients to fill up account opening form and pay order form.
Writing pay order instrument.
Provide customer’s product related information.
Provide assistance support according to the needs of the customer
Helping officers for preparing Bangladesh bank report


Page 10
Retail Banking Unit:
During my internship period I got an opportunity to work with the Retail Banking Unit of Trust
Bank Ltd. There I acquired knowledge about their marketing strategy and loan disbursement
process. According to their time to time requirements I was assigned for different jobs.
Completing folder’s with all necessary documents for clients.
Fill up CIB (Credit Information Bureau) form for clients and sent to Bangladesh Bank to
check whether the client has any other loan with any other bank or not.
Preparing Head Office forwarding for loan approval.
Making Customer Sanction Advice for disbursing loan amount, after getting Head
Office approval.
Preparing purchase order for Car Loan, Doctor’s Loan and Household Durables Loan on
the basis of client’s quotation.
Foreign Exchange:
One of the most important parts in TBL Gulshan Corporate Branch is Foreign Exchange
Department that deals with import, export, foreign remittance and post import financing. During
my internship period I was placed in import and foreign currency accounts section. My
responsibilities are mentioned below:
Opening Back to back L/C: Back-to-Back L/C is a secondary L/C opened by the
seller’s Bank based on the original/master L/C to purchase the raw materials and
accessories for manufacturing of the export products required by the seller.
Payment Instruction: This is a universal system allowing importer’s bank to pass on a
payment order drawn on to the receiving bank of different country for execution. For
giving import payments from foreign banks, Payment Instruction is mandatory.
IMP Report: At the end of each month every commercial bank sent a report to
Bangladesh Bank on the basis of their import payment during the whole month.
Maintain foreign currency accounts and applying in IPO for them.


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3.3 DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF JOB PERFORMANCE
During my three month internship period, I was assigned for different types of task and
activities; and by doing those tasks I achieved performance appraisal from my line task
manager.
To apply for IPO on behalf of the account holders, I was assigned to fill up more than
200 forms and prepared all necessary documents required for application. I completed
that job within a very short time and my accuracy was making pleased my line manager
Mr. Abu Zafar Shamsuddin, and I achieved his trustworthiness.
I was assigned to prepare Bangladesh Bank reporting for import payment which is called
E2P2 for the month of March and April. For completing each month’s E2P2 I only got
one week. I had to fill up more than 50 IMP Form for each month and prepare different
excel sheet for different currencies. I was successfully achieved my given target for
those two months.
3.4 CRITICAL OBSERVATION AND RECOMMENDATION
As a finance student, I always prefer to do a job in a financial organization. So, obviously banks
get the first priority to me. An internship in a bank, like TBL is a great way to demonstrate
interest in the sector and for me to learn more about the actual job I would be doing on a routine
basis.
During internship period, employees of TBL were very supportive & always helped me to learn.
But it was not possible for me to know about all the departments within 3 months.
In the follows I found out some problem over in the TBL as critical Observation, and some
recommendation regarding the observation:


During my internship I observed that work load in foreign exchange and Credit
department at Gulshan Corporate Branch was more than compared to the number of
working employees. As their work pressure was being doubled, so motivational levels of
those employees were getting down. So, the authority is required to be a little careful
about their employees. May be their current policy is not to recruit any new employee,
but they can solve this situation by transferring employees from other departments.
Otherwise the motivation level of the employee will be low.
In TBL Gulshan Corporate Branch, the management is not so strict about punctuality. As a
result, the tendency of being not on time is growing among employees. To change this practice
management may need to be a little harsh about their rules and regulation.

Chapter-4
Foreign Exchange
Operation


Page 13
4.1 FOREIGN EXCHANGE
Foreign exchange covers all business activities relating to import, export, inward and outward
remittance and buying and selling of currency. One of the largest businesses carried out by the
commercial bank is foreign trading. The trade among various countries falls for close link
between the parties dealing in trade. The situation calls for expertise in the field of foreign
operations. The bank, which provides such operation, is referred to as rending international
banking operation. Mainly transactions with overseas countries are respects of import; export
and foreign remittance come under the preview of foreign exchange transactions. International
trade demands a flow of goods from seller to buyer and of payment from buyer to seller. In this
case the bank plays a vital role to bridge between the buyer and seller.
In Trust Bank Ltd. (Gulshan Branch) foreign exchange division has one part which is foreign
trade.
4.2 FOREIGN TRADE DEPARTMENT
Mainly foreign trade deals with import and export business that is two parties in foreign trade
department in Trust Bank Ltd. (TBL)
1. Import department
2. Export department
4.3 IMPORT
Import and export means flow of goods/services purchased by a party of one location from a
party of another location. Normally import/export is done through letter of credit (L/C).
Wide-ranging changes and expansion in the world trade owing to the process of evolution in
globalization and free market economy have facilitated free flow of goods, which resulted in
worldwide trade competition.


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4.3.1 LETTER OF CREDIT (L/C)
A letter of credit is a financing instrument opened by a foreign buyer with a bank in her/his
locality. The letter of credit stipulates the purchase price agreed upon by the buyer and seller, the
quantity of merchandise to be shipped and the type of insurance coverage to protect the
merchandise during shipment. The letter of credit names the seller as beneficiary (that is, you are
the party who gets paid) and identifies the definite time period, the terms remain in force. The
letter of credit authorized the buyers to pay when all the stipulated conditions have been met.
A letter of credit gives some assurance to the seller that the buyer is solvent.
4.3.2 TYPES OF LETTER OF CREDIT (L/C):
Letter of credit may be-
Revolving letter of credit (L/C).
Assigned (L/C).
Banker’s acceptances
Revolving letter of credit (L/C):
This is useful when shipping a variety of goods to an established customer. It normally runs
for a period less than one year and it provides for prompt reinstatement when drawn against.
Assigned letter of credit (L/C):
This type is the same as the normal letter of credit (L/C) except that is includes the phrase
and/or assignees following the names of the beneficiary. This allows the exporter to make his
or her domestic purchase by using the overseas buyer’s credit. That is you are agreeing that
payment for the letter of credit (L/C) may be made to your supplier. This is a way for an
exporter to conduct business with limited capital.


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Bankers acceptances:
As your business grows you will want to extend credit to your importer. One of the most
efficient methods of doing this is through a banker’s acceptance, after agreeing to the terms
(e.g. 90 days at sight) the importer opens a draft (check) under a L/C in favor of the exporter
(beneficiary). The exporter presents the draft and the requested shipping documents to the
paying bank. The bank review the documentation for correctness, the “accept” the draft to
become payable (mature) in 90 days, or if the exporter requires “accepts” the draft and
discounts the amount because of the need for immediate funds.
4.4 DEALING WITH FOREIGN CURRENCY
Banks buys and sells convertible currency “at” spot (immediate) or for future delivery. You, as
an importer, may contract with a bank to buy the currency for future delivery at fixed rate of
exchange because you know that, at some specific future time, you must make payment in that
foreign currency.
Conversely, as an exporter you may protect yourself by contracting to sell to a bank, at a fixed
rate of exchange. The foreign currency proceeds you expectation a given date. These contracts
provide a “hedge” against currency fluctuation. That is, importers and exporters avoid the risk of


Page 16
fluctuating exchange rates and can better determine their true costs and profits when they enter
into such a contract. The bank dose not charges interest on these contracts because no payments
are due in advance of the due date of the contract.
4.5 FOREIGN EXCHANGE ACTIVITIES OF TBL
Foreign letter of credit (L/C)
Local (Back to Back) letter of credit (L/C)
4.5.1 FOREIGN LETTER OF CREDIT (L/C):
In case of foreign letter of credit (L/C) Gulshan Branch provides the following services:
Transmission of L/C to beneficiary through advising bank.
Additional confirmation to L/C.
Amendment of L/C.
Accounting treatment.
Report to Bangladesh Bank (BB).
1. Transmission of L/C to beneficiary through advising bank:
The transmission of L/C is done through tested telex, fax or SWIFT to advise the L/C to
the advising bank. The advising bank verifies the authenticity of the L/C. TBL has
corresponding relationship or arrangement throughout the world by which the L/C is
advised. Actually the advising bank doses not take any liability if otherwise not
requested.
2. Additional Confirmation to Import L/C:
If the amount of L/C exceeds US $10000/=, Trust Bank Ltd. takes the credit report of the
beneficiary to ensure the worthiness of the supplying goods.
At times, beneficiary of letter of credit dose not accept letter of credit (issued by issuing
bank), as he is not aware of the credit worthiness of issuing bank. The beneficiary,
therefore, insist that a bank in seller’s country further confirm such letter of credit. The


Page 17
advising bank can do this if there is prior arrangement between advising and issuing
bank. When the correspondent bank (advising bank) in seller’s country adds its
confirmation to the credit and advises the letter of credit to the beneficiary (seller), the
correspondent bank becomes both confirming as well as advising banker and steps into
the shoes of issuing banker by undertaking obligations, which are identical to those of
issuing banker. The obligations are to effect payment to the beneficiary if documents
conform the letter of credit terms.
3. Amendment of L/C:
Parties involved in L/C, particularly the seller and the buyer cannot always satisfy the
terms and conditions in full as expected due to some obvious and genuine reasons. In
such a situation, the credit should be amended. These amendments involve changes in
Unit price, Extension of validity of the L/C, Documentary requirements etc.
Such amendments can be affected only if all the concerned parties agree i.e. the
beneficiary, the issuing bank and the advising bank.
ACCOUNTING TREATMENT:
In the foreign exchange, Bank maintain accounting journal entries at the following
stages-
At the time of L/C opening.
At the time of lodgment.
At the time of document retirement.
At the time of L/C opening: At the time of L/C opening following entries are given to
realize the L/C margin, Commission, VAT, SWIFT charge, postage, stamp and
miscellaneous expenses.
Client’s Account Debit


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Sundry Deposit Margin on L/C Credit
Income A/C (commission) Credit
Income A/C (Postage charge) Credit
Income A/C (SWIFT charge) Credit
Income A/C (stamp charge) Credit
Income A/C (miscellaneous expense) Credit
Vat on L/C (15% of commission) Credit
After that, L/C number and the above entries are given in the L/C Register. The contra entries
stating the liability of the bank and the client are as follow.
Client’s Liability Debit
Banker's Liability Credit
At the time of lodgment:
PAD A/C (Converted the bill amount at BC rate) Debit
H.O A/C (Converted bill amount at T, T clear rate) Credit
Income A/C profit on exchange (Difference between B, C & T, T
clear rate)
Credit
REVERSAL ENTRIES:
Banker's Liability Debit
Client’s Liability Credit


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(When lodgment is given)
At the time of document retirement:
Sundry Deposit L/C Margin A/C Debit
PAD A/C (Margin amount transferred to PAD A/C) Credit
Client’s Account Debit
PAD A/C Credit
Income A/C- interest on PAD Credit
(Customer’s account debited for the remaining amount)
5. Report to Bangladesh Bank:
Trust Bank Ltd. sends monthly reports to Bangladesh Bank regarding their foreign
exchange activities. TBL also ask Permission to purchase foreign currencies for payment
of imports under section 4/5 of the foreign Exchange Act, 1947.
4.5.2 LOCAL (BACK TO BACK) LETTER OF CREDIT (L/C):
A term used to denote a L/C issued for the account of a buyer of merchandise already holding a
L/C in his favor. The Back to Back L/C is issued in favor of the supplier of the merchandise to
cover the same shipment stipulated in the credit already held by the buyer. The term of both L/C,
with the exception of the amount and expiration date are also similar that the documents
presented under the back to back L/C are subsequently applied against the credit in favor of the


Page 20
buyer. However, the buyer or beneficiary of the first credit substitutes his draft and invoice for
those presented by the supplier.
In case of local (back to back) L/C TBL, Gulshan Corporate Branch maintains the following
procedure:
Purchase
Forwarding
Permission from Head office (H. O)
Adjustment
Remainder letter
Report to Bangladesh Bank (BB)
4.6 EXPORT:
In order to Creation of wealth in any country depends on the expansion of production and
increasing participation in international trade. By increasing production in the export sector we
can improve the employment level of such a highly populated country like Bangladesh.
Bangladesh exports a large quantity of goods and services to foreign households. Readymade
textile garments (both knitted and woven), jute, Jute-made products, frozen shrimps, tea are the
main goods that Bangladeshi exporters export to foreign countries. Garments sector is the largest
sector that exports the lion share of the country’s export. Bangladesh exports most of its
readymade garments products to U. S and European Community (EC) countries. Bangladesh
exports about 40% of its readymade garments products to U.S. Most of the exporters who export
through TBL are readymade garments exporters. They open export L/Cs here to export their
goods, which they open against the import L/Cs opened by their foreign importers.
Export L/C operation is just reverse of the import L/C operation. For exporting goods by the
local exporter, bank may act as advising banks and collecting bank (negotiable bank) for the
exporter. TBL also has the capacity to support the exporters of businessman’s in Bangladesh.


Page 21
4.7 MODE OF PAYMENT OF EXPORT BILL UNDER L/C
As per UCP 500, 1993 revision there are four types of credit. These are as follows:
a. Sight Payment
b. Deferred payment
c. By acceptance
d. Negotiation
a. Sight Payment Credit:
In a Sight Payment Credit, the bank pays the stipulated sum immediately against the
exporter’s presentation of the documents.
b. Deferred payment Credit:
In deferred payment, the bank agrees to pay on a specified future date or event, after
presentation of the export documents. No bill of exchange is involved. In TBL, payment is
given to the party at the rate of D.A 60-90-120-180 as the case may be. But the Head office is
paid at T. T clean rate. The difference between the two rates us the exchange trading for the
branch.
c. Acceptance credit:
In acceptance credit, the exporter presents a bill of exchange payable to himself and drawn at
the agreed tenure (that is, on a specified future date or event) on the bank that is to accept it.
The bank signs its acceptance on the bill and returns it to the exporter. The exporter can then
represent it for payment on maturity. Alternatively he can discount it in order to obtain
immediate payment.
d. Negotiation Credit:
In Negotiation credit, the exporter has to present a bill of exchange payable to him in
addition to other documents that the bank negotiates.


Page 22
4.8 FOREIGN REMITTANCE SECTION
Foreign remittance means remittance of foreign currencies from one place /persons to another
place/person. In broad sense, foreign remittance includes all sale and purchase of foreign
currencies on account of Import, Export, Travel and other purposes. However, specifically
foreign remittance means sale & purchase of foreign currencies for the purposes other than
export and import. As such, this chapter will not cover purchase & sale of foreign currencies on
account of Import and Export of goods.
All foreign remittance transactions are grouped into two broad categories- Outward Remittance
and Inward Remittance.
4.9 OUTWARD REMITTANCE
The term “Outward remittances” include not only remittance i.e. sale of foreign currency by TT,
MT, Drafts, Traveler’s Cheque but also includes payment against imports into Bangladesh and
Local currency credited to Non-resident Taka Accounts of Foreign Banks or Convertible Taka
Account.
Two forms are used for Outward Remittance of foreign Currency such as:
IMP Form: All outward remittance on account of Imports is done by form IMP.
T.M Form: For all other outward remittances form T.M is used.
4.9.1 PRIVATE REMITTANCE:
1. Family remittance facility:
a. Foreign Nationals working in Bangladesh with approval of the Government may
remit through an Authorized Dealer 50% of Salary and 100% of leave salary as


Page 23
also actual savings and admissible person benefits. No prior approval of Bank is
necessary for such remittance.
b. Remittance of moderate amounts of foreign exchange for maintenance abroad of
family members (spouse, children, parents) of Bangladesh Nationals are allowed
by Bangladesh Bank on written request supported by certificate from the
Bangladesh Mission in the concerned country.
2. Remittance of Membership fees/ registration fees etc.
Authorized Dealer may remit without prior approval of Bangladesh Bank, membership fees of
foreign professional and scientific institutions and fees for application registration, admission,
examination (TOFEL, SAT etc.) in connection with admission into foreign educational
institutions on the basis of written application supported by demand notice/letter of the
concerned institution.
3. Education:
Prior permission of Bangladesh Bank is not required for releasing foreign exchange in favor/on
behalf of Bangladesh students studying abroad or willing to proceeds abroad for studies.
Authorized Dealers shall allow exchange facilities for this purpose.
4. Travel:
Private travel quota entitlement of Bangladesh Nationals is set at US$3000/- per year for visit to
countries other than SAARC member countries and Myanmar, Quota for SAARC member
countries and Myanmar is US$1000/- for travel by air and US$500/- for travel by overland route.
Authorized Dealers may release this travel quota in the form of foreign currency notes up to
US$500/- or equivalent and balance exchange in the form of TCs or total quota in the form of
TCs the annual quotas mentioned above are for audit passengers. For minors (Below 12 year in
age) the applicable quota will be half the amount allowable to adults.


Page 24
5. Health & Medical:
Authorized Dealers without prior approval of Bangladesh Bank may release foreign exchange up
to US$10,000/- for medical treatment abroad on the basis of the recommendation of the medical
Board set up the Head Directorate and the cost estimate of the foreign medical institution.
Applications for release of exchange exceeding US$10,000/- should be forwarded along with
supporting documents to Bangladesh Bank for prior approval.
6. Foreign Nationals:
i. The authorized Dealers may issue foreign currency TCs to foreign national without any
limit and foreign currency notes up to US$300/- or equivalent per person against
surrender of equivalents amounts in foreign currencies. The TCs and foreign currency
notes should however, be delivered only on production of ticket for a destination outside
Bangladesh and the amount issued be endorsed on the relative passports.
ii. Authorized Dealers may allow recon version of unspent Taka funds of foreign tourist into
foreign exchange on production of the encasement certificate of foreign currency. Recon
version shall be allowed by the same AD with which the foreign currency was enchased
earlier.
7. Remittance for Hajji:
Authorized Dealers may release foreign exchange to the intending pilgrims for performing Hajj
as per instructions/ circulars to be issued by the Bangladesh Bank each year.
4.9.2 OFFICIAL & BUSINESS TRAVEL:
1. Official Visit:
For official of semi officials visits abroad by the officials of govt.,
Autonomous/Semiautonomous institutions etc., Authorized Dealers may release foreign
exchange as per entitlements fixed by the Ministry of Finance from time to time, In such cases,


Page 25
the applicant for foreign exchange shall be required to submit the sanction letter and the
competent authority’s Order/Notification/Circular authorizing the travel.
2. Business Travel Quota for New Exporters:
Up to US$6,000/- or equivalent may be issued by an AD without prior approval of Bangladesh
Bank to a new exporter for business travel abroad, against recommendation letter from Export
Promotion Bureau, Bonafides requirement beyond US$6000/- is accommodated by Bangladesh
Bank upon written request through an AD with supporting documents.
4.9.3 COMMERCIAL REMITTANCES:
1. Opening of branches or subsidiary companies abroad:
Remittance of up to US$30,000/- or equivalent per annum may be released by the Authorized
Dealers without prior approval of Bangladesh Bank to meet current expenses of offices/branches
opened abroad by resident in Bangladesh or Commercial/Industrial concern incorporated in
Bangladesh.
2. Remittance by shipping companies airlines & courier service:
Foreign Shipping Companies, airlines and courier service companies may send, through an AD,
funds collected in Bangladesh towards freight and passage after adjustment of local cost &
Taxes.
3. Remittance of Royalty and technical fees:
No prior permission of the Bangladesh Bank is required by the enterprises for entering into
agreement involving remittance of royalty, technical know-how or technical assistance fees,
operational services fees, marketing commission etc., if the total fees and other expenses
connected with technology transfer do not exceed.
6% of the cost of imported machinery in case of new projects.
6% of the previous year’s sales as declared in the income tax returns of the ongoing
concerns.


Page 26
The Authorized Dealers may remit such royalty and other fees without prior approval of
Bangladesh Bank.
4. Remittance of profits of foreign firms/branches:
Post tax profits of branches of foreign firms and companies including foreign banks & other
financial institutions subject to submission of relevant documents/information along with the
application.
6. Remittance of Dividend
Prior permission of Bangladesh Bank is not required for:
Remittance of dividend income to non-resident shareholders on receipt of application in
the prescribe form from the companies concerned.
ii) Remittance of dividend declared out of previous years’ accumulated reserves.
7. Bank charges:
The Authorized Dealers may affect remittances towards settlement of dues to foreign banks of
bank charges, cost of cables and other incidental charges arising in their normal course of the
business without prior approval of Bangladesh Bank.
ACCOUNTING MECHANISM:
1. Issuance of Draft, T. T. etc.
a) Against BD. Taka:
Cash from customer or customers CD/SB account for F.C Amount
@ T.T. & OD Selling plus amount of charges as per schedule.
Debit
TBL General A/C H.O (ID) for FC amt @ B.Bank ready selling Credit
Income A/C Exchange Gain on F.C (Difference amount between
T.T. & O.D Selling & B. Bank ready selling amount)
Credit


Page 27
Income A/C: Commission on T.T./D.D foreign as per schedule of
charges
Credit
b) For F. C A/C of the customer:
Customers F. C A/C for FC amount Prevailing-holding rate of F.C.
Balance
Debit
TBL General A/C H.O (ID) for FC amount @Prevailing holding rate Credit
2. Issuance of Travelers’ cheque:
a. Against BD. Taka:
Cash from Customer or Customers CD/SB account for F.C amount
@ T.C Selling plus commission & charges as per schedule.
Debit
T.C. issued @ B. Bank selling rate Credit
Income A/C: Exchange Gain on F.C (Difference amount between
T.C selling & B.Bank ready selling amount)
Credit
Income A/C: commission on T.C as per schedule of charges Credit
b. For F.C Account of the Customer:
Customers Taka A/C or cash from Customer for charges as per
schedule
Debit
Income A/C Commission on T.T/D.D foreign for charges schedule Credit


Page 28
Customers F.C account for F.C amount @ Prevailing holding rate
of F.C balance
Debit
T.C issued @ prevailing holding rate of F.C balance. Credit
Cash from Customer or CD/SB A/C for charges as per schedule. Debit
Income A/C: Commission on T.C. as per schedule of charges Credit
3. Issuance of F.C Notes:
Cash from Customer or CD/SB account for F.C amount @ Cash
selling rate plus commission & charges as per schedule.
Debit
F.C. In had Account for F.C amount @ Cash selling rate Credit
Income A/C: commission on F.C as per schedule of charges Credit
4.10 INWARD REMITTANCE
The term “Inward Remittance” includes not only purchase of Foreign Currency by TT, MT,
Drafts etc. but also purchases of bills, purchases of Traveler’s cheques.
Two forms as prescribed by Bangladesh Bank are used for purchase of Foreign Currencies such
as.
EXP Form: Remittances received against exports of goods from Bangladesh are done
by “form EXP”.
From C: Inward remittances equivalent to US$2000/- and above are done by “Form
C”.


Page 29
However, declaration in Form C is not required in case of remittances by Bangladesh Nationals
working abroad.
1. Purchase of Currency Notes, Travelers cheques, Drafts etc.
Following General observations are required in addition to common
judgment/intelligent/vigilance of the dealing officers:
i. Currency notes to be checked very carefully so as to avoid risk of purchasing counterfeit
Notes
ii. While purchasing Travelers cheque, signature of the holder to be obtained on the TC/s in
front of the Bank officials and should be verified with the signature of the holder already
given at the time of issuance of T.Cs,
2. Dealing in Foreign Currency Notes & Coins:
Only Authorized Dealers and Authorized Money Changer are permitted to deal in foreign
currency notes & coins. Authorized Dealers and Money Changers may freely buy foreign
currency from incoming passengers regardless of nationality and regardless of whether or not a
declaration on form FMJ is produced at the time of encashment. If this form is produced, the
amount enchased should be endorsed on it.
ACCOUNTING MECHANISM:
1. Encashment of Travelers’ Cheque:
a) For Payment in Taka Counter value:
FBP Clean A/C for F.C. Amount @ Tk. C. Buying Debit
Cash A/C for payment to Customer for F.C. Amount @ T.C. Buying
less charges.
Credit


Page 30
Income A/C: commission on F.C as per schedule of charges Credit
On realization of proceeds in Nostro A/C:
TBL General A/C: HO (ID) for F.C amount @ B. Bank ready buying Debit
FBP clean for outstanding amount Credit
2. Purchased of Foreign Currency Notes:
a) For payment in Taka Counter value:
F.C in hand account for F.C. amount @ Cash F.C. Buying Debit
Cash A/C for payment to customer for F.C. Amount at same rate Credit
b) For credit to F.C Account:
FC in hand Account for F.C. amount @ Cash F.C buying Debit
Customers F.C. Account @ T.T clean buying Credit
Income A/C: Exchange gain on F.C. (the difference amount
between above two).
Credit
3. Encashment of T.T.
a) For payment in Taka Counter value:
TBL General A/C: HO (ID) for F.C amount @ B. Bank ready
buying
Debit


Page 31
Customers’ CD/SB/A/c or payment order for F.C Amount @ T.T.
Clean buying less commission and charger as per schedule.
Credit
Income A/C. Exchange Gain on F.C. (The difference amount
between B. Bank ready buying and T.T. Clean buying amount).
Credit
Income A/C: Commission T.T. Foreign Credit
b) For Credit to F.C account:
TBL General A/C: HO (ID for F.C amount @ T.T. clean buying) Debit
Customers F.C Account at the same rate. Credit
Customers CD/SB Account for charges as per schedule Debit
Income A/C: Commission T.T. Foreign. Credit
4. Purchase & Collection of Foreign Draft:
a) Purchase for payment in Taka Counter value:
FBP Clean A/C: for F.C. amount @ O.D. Transfer Buying Debit
Cash A/C: for payment to customer @ O.D. Transfer less
commission And charges as per schedule.
Credit
Income A/C: commission on F. Bills as per schedule Credit
Income A/C: Posted as per schedule Credit


On realization of proceeds in Nostro A/C:
TBL General A/C: HO (ID) for F.C. Amt@ B.Bank ready buying Debit
FBP Clean A/C for outstanding amount Credit
Income A/C: Exchange gain on F.C. (the difference amount
between above two).
Credit
b) For collection without purchase:
Customer’s Liability: Foreign bill lodge A/C for F. C. amount @
O.D transfer buying
Debit
Banker’s liability; Foreign bills for collection A/C for F.C amount
at the same rate.
Credit
On realization of proceeds in Nostro A/C.:
Reversal vouchers of above contra liability:
TBL General A/C: for F.C Amount@ B.Bank ready buying Debit
Customers A/C for F.C amount @ O.D transfer buying less
commission & Charges as per schedule
Credit
Income A/C: Exchange Gain on F.C (The difference between B.
Bank Ready Buying & O.D. transfer amount)
Credit
Income A/C: commission as per schedule Credit
Income A/C: Postage as per schedule Credit

Chapter-5
Performance
Evaluation


Page 33
5.1 FOREIGN EXCHANGE PERFORMANCE
Foreign Exchange department of Trust Bank has performed well in last five years where there
has been significant growth in different segments of the Bank. Some general observations of the
performance of last five years (2006-2010) of the bank are as follows
Income of Foreign Exchange:
Total income of Foreign Exchange increased from Tk. 307,901,831 in 2007 to Tk. 465,133,566
in 2010.
2010 2009 2008 2007
Total Income 465,133,566 355,614,342 306,162,733 307,901,831
Total
Incom, 465,133,5
66
0
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
200,000,000
250,000,000
300,000,000
350,000,000
400,000,000
450,000,000
500,000,000
2007 2008 2009 2010
Taka
Total Income


Page 34
Growth in Net Profit:
TBL’s increased operating efficiency and increased revenue both are the reason behind the
growth in net profit.
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Net Profit (mill) 106.65 239.03 463.05 610.91 1274.77

0
500
1000
1500
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
106.65
239.03
463.05
610.91
1274.77
Net Profit
(in million)
Return on Assets (ROA):
Return on assets (ROA) is measured by the ratio of net income and total assets. By the returning
assets, if the bank’s net income increases the profitable ratios of the bank increases. Also by
measuring the ROA, it can be determined that what percentage of the total asset is the net income
i.e. how much return are they getting over the assets. TBL is giving continued emphasis on
quality assets, which resulted in providing a sound asset base for the bank.
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Net Income 106.65 239.03 463.05 610.91 1274.77
Total Asset 21060.77 30382.22 38475.64 54206.65 58276.33
ROA 0.51% 0.79% 1.20% 1.13% 2.19%


Page 35
0.00%
0.50%
1.00%
1.50%
2.00%
2.50%
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
0.51%
0.79%
1.20% 1.13%
2.19%
Return on Asset
Export:
Export volume of the bank reached Tk. 20,331.00 million which is 49.12% higher than that of
FY 2009. Major export items involved with the bank’s foreign trade activities were readymade
garments and non-traditional items.
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Export(million) 2,884 3,981 6,079 12,770 20,331
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
2884
3981
6079
12770
20331
EXPORT (in million)


Page 36
Import:
In FY2010 Import business of the bank has stood Tk 35,310.60 million which is 59.21% higher
than that of FY 2009. Import remained confined mainly to consumer goods, food grains,
industrial raw materials, fabrics and accessories of garments industries etc.
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Import (million) 11,483 13,816 16,661 23,680 35,311

IMPORT2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
11483 13816 16661
23680
35311
Import
(in million)
Foreign Remittance:
During the year 2010, the inflow of inward foreign remittance was TK.9247 Million whereas in
the previous year 2009 the amount was TK.8669 Million which is TK.578 Million higher than
the previous year registering 7% growth.
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Foreign remittance 76.5 253.3 578.9 866.9 924.7


Page 37
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Foreign remittance
(in Crore)


Page 38
5.2 FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
In the middle of twenty first century, here we are facing a heavy competition with each other, at
every single point. If anyone has a week point than the rival party will take the opportunity and
make a problem for the week intuition.
After complete my internship in The Trust Bank I realized that there are many problems and this
may be a cause of huge loss or create a barrier for the future prospect. So the bank should take
care of it very seriously.
Findings of the study
The main objective of Trust Bank Limited is to maximize profit by utilizing its
resources at the optimum level and to ensure the best possible service towards the
customers. Trust Bank Limited always tries to uphold its social commitment, so it
fixes the terms and conditions for getting loan under Foreign exchange activities
in a most flexible fashion and reveal the actual interest rate it charges against the
credit to be offered.
Trust Bank Limited disburses all loans through the bank stuffs and all bank stuffs
emphasize on the bank’s goals and objectives.
Other Findings.................
(i) In a developing country like Bangladesh the need for domestic resource mobilization
is of special importance. Deposit held by the financial intermediaries constitutes the major
part of domestic financial resources of the country. The other activities of the bank are
chiefly dependent upon the deposits. The higher the amount of deposits, the better is the
position banks in financing investment projects, especially large-scale projects. The size of
deposit shows that TBL’s growth in deposit is notable over the years indicating a growth
rate of 67.47%.
(ii) Loan and advance are vital to finance the projects. An appropriate credit distribution
system and monitoring will ultimately lead to the profit maximization of banks. It is evident
from that the size of TBL’s loans and advances are increasing over the years. It indicates
more earning for the bank. It shows a positive growth rate.


Page 39
RECOMMENDATION
In my short span of internship program, I have gained practical experiences about foreign
exchange activities from starting a deal to preparation of monthly report about it. I had
discovered few things from day to day operations. In light of that I make following
recommendations:
Foreign Exchange Section has to be decentralized to make their decisions with more
responsibility.
Regular performance appraisal and assurance of promotion/reward should depend on
that they will resist the employee’s switching tendency.
Software up gradation is a necessity to enhance performance and to compete with
other PCBs.
Space shortage is another problem for foreign exchange department because they had
to store all the papers of any transaction.
Yearly financial report has to be published only for foreign exchange activities in
details.
Trust Bank can open new branches in places where people of that region lives abroad
and send money to their families.


Page 40
CONCLUSION
Banks and financial institutions play an important role in the process of economic growth of a
country. Given their considerable economic potential, these institutions have a far – reaching
impact on the development and welfare process of the surrounding societies. These financial
institutions depend, in accumulating their financial resources, basically on the inflow of deposits.
In order to survive and achieve success, these banks endeavor to attract clients in search of loans
to finance their different activities according to the banks established terms and conditions.
These banks, which are called commercial banks, depend in their transactions on the interest
rate, as the driving factor, which stimulates all their dealings.
In a developing country like Bangladesh, banking business is very much competitive. More than
fifty banks are operating at this moment and competing to hold maximum market share. For a
smoothen operation every bank must have the capability of managing asset/liability, liquidity
and credit.
The financial performance evaluation demonstrates that the profitability of the bank has a
positive trend. Profitability is an indicator of a bank's capacity to carry risk and / or to increase its
capital. The income statement, a key source of information on a bank's profitability, as well as
the analysis reveals that Trust Bank Ltd. has - attained significant amount of profitability over
the years. With a limited number of branch network it has recorded positive growth in net profit
because of proper management and right selection of investment criteria. The bank has strong
core deposit signifying sound liquidity position and maintaining an ideal scenario in advance-
deposit ratio. Overall financial picture of Trust Bank Ltd. for the last five-year period shows that
it has positively set its root in the financial arena of Bangladesh. The figures do not tell the story
of failure. The trend is in favor of Trust Bank Ltd. and the management should take initiative to
keep the bank’s way to the success.


REFERENCE
Fraser, and Donald R., Commercial Banking; 5th
Edition; West Publishing Company;
2002
Rose, and Peter. S., Commercial Bank Management; 4th
Edition; Irwin-McGraw-Hill;
1999
Bangladesh Bank, BRPD Circular 09; August 20,2009, BRPD Circular 02; February 02,
2008, BRPD Circular 09; May 14, 2007
Trust Bank Ltd., Annual Report 2006 – 2010.
Trust Bank Ltd., Head Office Circulars; 2009, 2010
Trust Bank Ltd., Brochures of Loans and Advances; 2009
www.trustbank.com.bd
www.banglapedia.com
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com

Foreign exchange performance of trust bank

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