Bulacan Polytechnic College San Rafael Campus First Semester S.Y. 2017 - 2018 Practical Research 2 Instructor: Ms. Ma. Irene G. Gonzales, LPT To all my TVL 12 and GAS 12 students, here is a copy of my presentation in Quantitative Research. You may click the DOWNLOAD button and PRINT the document for your personal copy. Thank you. Reference: Practical Research 2 Esther L. Baraceros Rex Book Store

1. Experimental and
Non-Experimental Research
Ms. Ma. Irene G. Gonzales, LPT

2. Experimental Research
A quantitative research that treats or
deals with the object or subject of the
research in a definite or exact
manner and determines the extent of
the effects of influence of the
treatment on the object/subject, then
discovers the causes of such effects.

3. Experimental Research
Two groups involved in any
experimental research:
(1) Experimental Group – treatment
or influence is applied
(2) Control Group – does not receive
any treatment
***Objects/subjects involved are
chosen randomly

4. Classification of Experimental Research
(1)True Experimental Research –
absolutely uses random selection in
determining the participants in the
research
(2) Quasi – Experimental Research –
adopts a comparative techniques in
choosing the participants

5. Classification of Experimental Research
(2) Quasi – Experimental Research –
the experimental group on which
the treatment is applied is matched
and compared with another group
who has the same characteristics
as the experimental group under
treatment.

6. Classification of Experimental Research
Take note
Employing researcher’s influence in
sampling or subject selection,
quasi-experimental research fails to
qualify as a genuine experimental
research

7. Research Design of Experimental Research
(1) Specify the problem or topic of your
research
(2) Formulate the research problem or
hypotheses
(3) Determine the dependent and
independent variables
(4) Select the participants or subjects

8. Research Design of Experimental Research
(5) Decide on the specific type of
experimental research
(6) Conduct the experiment
(7) Collect, analyze, and interpret the
results

9. Research Design of Experimental Research
In conducting an experimental research…
(1) Give a pre-test to examine the initial
condition of both groups in relation to a
variable, condition, or factor
(2) apply to the control group a new
condition
(3) give the control group a post-test to
determine the effects or influence of the
treatment or condition applied on them

10. Experimental Research
Two ways of letting a variable, factor,
or condition intervene or have an
application on the subjects, and of
later determining the effects of such
intervention.
(1)Treatment evaluation
(2)Pre-test and post-test of multiple
treatments or conditions

11. (1) Treatment Evaluation
Also called ex post facto or after the
fact.
This means that evaluation comes
after the treatment.

12. (2) Multiple Treatment
Apply on the subjects varied treatment
methods like using books, interview,
or social networking.
You resort to this method when you
want to discover the extent of
student learning by means of these
sources of data.

13. Quasi-Experimental Research
Usual participants are those forming a
class that remains as one group
incapable of disintegration.
(1) Matched comparison – choosing
a treatment group and another group
that has the similarities with the
treatment group

14. Quasi-Experimental Research
(2) time-series quasi-experimental
research
Giving them series of pre-tests and
post-tests
(3) single-subject quasi-
experimental research
Controls treatment and condition
applied to just one individual or a
group

15. Quasi-Experimental Research
People in soft sciences like
Psychology, Sociology, Humanities,
Literature, Education, and other
subjects falling to Social Sciences)
usually do quasi-experimental
research.

16. Non-Experimental Research
It is a way of finding out truths about a
subject by describing the collected
data about such subject and
determining their relationships or
connections with one another.
Any treatment or condition is not
involved in this type of research.

17. Non-Experimental Research
There is a measuring of variables
here; hence, you deal with both
qualitative and quantitative data.
There is the researcher’s desire to
discover people’s thoughts, views,
feelings, and attitudes about a
certain societal issue, object, place,
or event.

18. Characteristics of Non-Experimental Research
(1) Incapable of establishing cause-effect
relationship
(2) involves various ways of data analysis:
(a) Primary – analysis of data collected by the researcher
himself
(b) Secondary – examination of data collected by other
people
(c) Meta – analysis – analysis of data expressed
numerically
(3) Uses research method that is applicable to both
qualitative and quantitative data. Collects data
through survey, observation, historical studies,
case studies, documentary analysis, and so on.

19. Definition of Survey Research
A method of research that aims at knowing
what a big number of people think and
feel about some sociological issues.
The data collected from these people
serving as “representatives or
informants” explain or describe the
society’s thoughts, attitudes, and feelings
towards environmental issues .

20. Definition of Survey Research
Usually used by researchers to study
issues affecting a large population,
survey research requires data-gathering
techniques such as interview,
questionnaire, online survey, and
telephone interview that primarily
consider the size of the group being
studied.

21. Definition of Survey Research
The researcher selects a sample of
respondents from a small/large
population and provide the chosen
subjects a formalized questionnaire.

22. Purposes of Survey Research
(1) To obtain information about people’s opinions
and feelings about an issue
(2) To identify present condition, needs, or
problems of people in a short span of time
(3) To seek answers to social problems
(4) To give school officials pointers or curricular
offerings, guidance and counselling services,
teacher evaluation, and so on.

23. Planning a Survey Research
(1) Explanation of objectives clearly
(2) Formulation of research questions or
hypotheses to predict relationships of variables
(3) Determination of the exact kind of data referred
to by the hypotheses or research questions
(4) Assurance of the population or group of people
to which the findings will be applied to
(5) Finalization of the sampling method for
selecting the participants
(6) Identification of the method or instrument in
collecting data – questionnaire on paper,
through phone, via computer or face-to-face.

24. Strengths of Survey Research
(1) VERSATILITY. It can tackle any issue affecting
society.
(2) EFFICIENCY. Not costly in terms of money and
time, assuming there is excellent
communication or postal system.
(3) GENERALITY. It can get a good representation
or sample of a large group of people.
(4) CONFIDENTIALITY. Capable of safeguarding
the privacy or anonymity of the respondents.

25. Ethical Principles and Rules in Survey Research
(1) Respect whatever decision a person has about your
research work for his participation in your study comes
solely from his or her own decision-making powers.
(2) Make sure that your study will be instrumental in elevating
the living conditions of people around you or in bringing
about world progress.
(3) Conduct your research work in a way that the
respondents will be safe from any injury or damage that
may arise from their physical and emotional involvement
in the study.
(4) Practice honesty and truthfulness in reporting about the
results of your study.
(5) Accept the reality that the nature, kind and extent of
responses to your questions depend solely on the
dispositions of the respondents.

26. Ethical Principles and Rules in Survey Research
(6) Decide properly which information should go public or
secret.
(7) Stick to your promise of safeguarding the secrecy of some
information you obtained from the respondents.

27. QUIZ # 1
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
JUNE 29, 2017
REVIEW WELL
PREPARE 2 PESOS FOR YOUR
TEST PAPER (2 PAGES)