This is a presentation on the proper way of constructing graphs.

1. Prepared by:
MS. MA. IRENE G. GONZALES
Mathematics Department
University of Santo Tomas Junior High School

2. How far can you remember?
COP + describing
predictions
totality

3. subset
values in between
descriptive attributes
How far can you remember?

4. COPAI
Direct method
Use of senses
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5. laws
Indirect method
Previously recorded data
How far can you remember?

6. Equal chance of being selected
Every nth element
Groups or clusters
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7. Groups of the same interest
Visual form
Paragraph form
How far can you remember?

8. Looking back…
• Differentiated the three ways of
presenting data
• Analyzed the different graphs
– Line Graph
– Bar Graph
– Circle Graph

9. GOALS
• Identify the proper ways/steps of
constructing graphs
• Use graphs appropriately to represent
organized data

10. Somewhere over the
rainbow
Just Right Over my dead body
Right under the nose Looking out for
number one
Home is where the
heart is

11. Consider the data below:
Day Chocolate Strawberry White
Monday 53 78 126
Tuesday 72 97 87
Wednesday 112 73 86
Thursday 33 78 143
Friday 76 47 162
The cafeteria wanted to collect data on how
much mL of milk was sold in 1 week. The table
below shows the results:

12. Bar Graph
 A bar graph is used
to show
relationships
between groups.
 The two or more
items being
compared do not
need to affect each
other.
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total
53 72 112 33 76 346
53
72
112
33
76
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Day
Chocolate Milk Sold
AmountofMilkSoldinmL

13. 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
White
Strawberry
Chocolate
Examine the graph

14. How to Construct a Bar Graph
• Give the title of the bar
graph;
• Decide if a vertical or a
horizontal bar graph will
be used;
• Draw the horizontal and
vertical axes;
• Determine the scale
interval on the axes and
then label the graph;
• Draw bars with the same
width and space them
evenly on one axis.
53
72
112
33
76
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Day
Chocolate Milk Sold
AmountofMilkSoldinmL

15. Do this on your notebook! 
• Give the title of the bar
graph;
• Decide if a vertical or a
horizontal bar graph will
be used;
• Draw the horizontal and
vertical axes;
• Determine the scale
interval on the axes and
then label the graph;
• Draw bars with the same
width and space them
evenly on one axis.
Preferred snacks of students
during recess
Type of
Snacks
No. of
Students
Spaghetti 12
French
Fries
15
Biscuits 6
Donut 9

16. Line Graph
• A line graph is used to show
continuing data; how one
thing is affected by another.
• Shows the relationship
between continuous data
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Day
Chocolate Milk Sold
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total
53 72 112 33 76 346
AmountofMilkSoldinmL

17. 10 11
16
18 17
20
0
5
10
15
20
25
Yr 1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 Yr 6
Annual Sales of Gonzales’
Corporation from Yr 1 to Yr
6
AnnualSalesinMillions
Year

18. How to Construct a Line Graph
• Give the title of the
line graph;
• Draw the horizontal
and vertical axes;
• Determine the scale
interval on the axes
and then label the
graph;
• Plot a point to
represent each entry
in the data;
• Connect the
successive points
using line segments

19. Do this on your notebook! 
Draw the line graph for the following data
which shows the changes in temperature
(in degree Celcius) for 4 days in Quezon
City:
Monday – 25 degree Celcius
Tuesday – 30 degree Celcius
Wednesday – 32 degree Celcius
Thursday – 35 degree Celcius

20. Circle Graph or Pie Graph
• A circle graph
is used to
show how a
part of
something
relates to the
whole.
• This kind of
graph is
needed to
show
percentages
effectively.
15%
21%
32%
10%
22%
Chocolate Milk Sold
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total
53 72 112 33 76 346

21. How to Construct a Circle Graph
• To compute for the angle of each
sector by using the formula:
• To convert each frequency to a
percentage use the formula:
degrees=
frequency
total
x360°
percentage=
frequency
total
x100%

22. Let’s see HOW you DO it… 
Construct a pie graph given the tabular data
on the population of students enrolled in
USTJHS for the A.Y. 2015 - 2016
G7 G8 G9 G10
350 385 420 405

23. Choosing the Right Graph
Use a pie chart if you need to compare different
parts of a whole, there is no time involved and
there are not too many items (or categories).
Use a line graph if you need to see how a
quantity has changed over time. Line graphs
enable us to find trends (or patterns) over time.
Use a bar graph if you are not looking for trends
(or patterns) over time; and the items (or
categories) are not parts of a whole.

24. The allocation of the monthly
budget of a family
CONCEPTUAL CHECK
Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?
ANSWER: Circle or Pie Chart

25. The donations by each grade level of
UST High School for the victims of
Typhoon Yolanda
ANSWER: Bar Graph
CONCEPTUAL CHECK
Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?

26. Changes in temperature over a
week in Manila
ANSWER: Line Graph
Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?
CONCEPTUAL CHECK

27. The number of members per grade
level for the Math Club for
S.Y. 2014 – 2015
ANSWER: Circle or Pie Chart
CONCEPTUAL CHECK
Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?