2. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716)
was a German mathematician and
philosopher. He was one of the great
thinkers of the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries and is known as the
“LAST UNIVERSAL GENIUS”
4. Leibniz's mother Catharina
Schmuck was the third wife of
father Friderich Leibniz, who
was a professor of moral
philosophy at Leipzig.
He lost his father at the age of 6
5. At the age of 7, Leibniz entered Nicolai School in
Leipzig.
Although only basic latin was taught at school,
Leibniz had far more sophisticated knowledge
about Latin and Greek by the age of 12.
He denied the correctness of then popular
Aristotle's Logic and started to develop his own
ideas over the subject. He liked reading books
about metaphysics and the ones written by his
father.
6. He went to University of
Leipzig at the age of 14.
Here he mainly studied philosophy (which was well taught) &
mathematics (which was poorly taught). He graduated with a
bachelor's degree in 1663.
7. After graduation Leibniz went to Jena to spend
the summer term of 1663.
By October 1663, he was back in Leipzig to start
his studies towards doctorate in Law.
His mother died a few days after his return :(
9. CONTRIBUTIONS
He was the first to describe a PINWHEEL CALCULATOR
in 1685 and invented the LEIBNIZ WHEEL, used in the
ARITHMOMETER, the first mass-produced mechanical
calculator.
He refined the BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM , which is at
the foundation of virtually all DIGITAL COMPUTERS
Leibniz's calculus ratiocinator, which resembles symbolic
logic, can be viewed as a way of making calculations
feasible.
10. Leibniz was the first to see that the coefficients of a system of linear
equations could be arranged into an array, now called a matrix.
Leibniz's discoveries of Boolean algebra and of symbolic logic, also
relevant to mathematics
Leibniz thought symbols were important for human understanding .
His notation for the infinitesimal calculus is an example of his skill in
this regard
The dot was introduced as a symbol for multiplication by Leibniz. On
July 29, 1698, he wrote in a letter to Johann Bernoulli: "I do not like X
as a symbol for multiplication, as it is easily confounded with x..."
11. FORMAL LOGIC
“The only way to rectify our reasonings is to make them
as tangible as those of the Mathematicians, so that we
can find our error at glance, and when there are
disputes among persons, we can simply say: Let us
calculate [calculemus], without further ado, to see who
is right.”
------ LEIBNEZ
Leibniz is the most important logician. Leibniz enunciated the
principal properties of what we now call conjunction,
disjunction, negation, identity, set inclusion and the
empty set.
12. CALCULUS
Leibniz is credited, along with Sir Isaac Newton, with the
invention of infinitesimal calculus (that comprises
differential and integral calculus)
He introduced several notations used to this day, for
instance the integral sign ∫ representing an elongated S,
from the Latin word summa and the d used for
differentials, from the Latin word differentia.
The product rule of differential calculus is still called
"Leibniz's law". In addition, the theorem that tells how and
when to differentiate under the integral sign is called the
Leibniz integral rule
13. All mathematicians weren’t the most
intelligent people on earth.
For them ,
THEIR “I CAN” WAS MORE
IMPORTANT THAN THEIR “IQ”
