The document describes the BCG matrix, which is a chart that categorizes business units or products based on their relative market share and market growth. It divides products into four categories: stars, question marks, cash cows, and dogs. Stars have high market share in high-growth markets, while cash cows have high market share but are in low-growth markets. Question marks have low market share but are in high-growth markets, while dogs have low market share and are in low-growth markets. The document provides diagrams of the BCG matrix and descriptions of the four categories.