1.
Significance of
“REACTIVE POWER”
and it’s need of compensation
Presented by:
Shubham D. Sadatkar
Roll no. 69
Guide: Co-Guide:
Prof. G.K.Andurkar Sir Miss. Dhyanda Kohle Mam

2.
Outline
• What is Reactive Power and where does it
came from?
• Why it is important?
• Effects of reactive power.
• Why we need to compensate it?
• Which are the various devices to control it?
• Conclusion

3.
What is reactive power
• It describes the background energy movement in
an AC system from the production of electric and
magnetic field.
• It is the combination of continuous forward
moving or ‘real’ energy flow, combined with the
sloshing or ‘imaginary’ energy flow
• It is used for core magnetization of alternators.
• It is non consumable only become important
when ‘electric loads’ contains coils or capacitor.

4.
Terminology of Reactive power

5.
Why do we need Reactive Power
• Reactive power (VARs)is required to maintain
the voltage to deliver active power (WATTs)
through the grid.
“Indexing of Active Power consumption
is called reactive power”
• Electro-mechanical devices and other
loads require reactive power
• Reactive power deficiency causes the
voltage to sag down

6.
Importance of Reactive power
• Has a strong effect on system voltages
• It must balance in the grid to prevent voltage
problems
• Reactive power levels have an effect on
voltage collapse. Due to deficiency of reactive
power in the grid the blackout occurs.

7.
• The conversion devices phenomena (i.e
convert the flow of electrons into useful
work)only possible if the reactive power is
present
• It refers to the circulating power in the grid
that does no useful work

8.
Reactive Power and Power Factor
• Reactive power is present when the voltage and
• current are not in phase
*One waveform leads the other
*Phase angle not equal to zero degree.
*Power factor less than unity
• Measured in volt-ampere reactive (VAR)
• Produced when the current waveform leads
voltage waveform (Leading power factor)

9.
• Vice versa, consumed when the current
waveform lags voltage (lagging power factor)

10.
Reactive Power Limitations
• Reactive power does not travel very far
• Usually necessary to produce it close to the
location where it is needed
• A supplier/source close to the location of the
need is in a much better position to provide
reactive power
-> versus one that is located far from the location
of the need
• Reactive power supplies are closely tied to the
ability to deliver real or active power

11.
Why the compensations is needed
• Due to the two main reasons we need to
compensate reactive power
It share the space
with active power
It does not travel
very far

12.
How Reactive Power Level Controlled
• Regulate to control voltage to a desired nominal
value
• Often, reactive power injections regulate voltage at
the location of the injection
• Control effects tend to be localized
• Some reactive power supply mechanisms:
->Shunt capacitors (fixed and switchable)
->Synchronous condensers
->Synchronous generators
->Static VAR compensator