The Django Web Framework: Clean URLs, Fast Development, and More
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The document summarizes the Django web framework. It describes key characteristics like clean URLs, loosely coupled components, and designer-friendly templates. It outlines components like URL dispatching, views, models, templates, forms, validation, administration, internationalization, and success stories. Django allows for really fast development, reuse of components, and less code through its architecture and features.
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The Django Web Framework: Clean URLs, Fast Development, and More
- 1. The Django Web Framework Simon Willison http://simonwillison.net/ EuroPython, 3rd July 2006
- 2. Web development on Journalism deadlines
- 7. ... in three days
- 8. Characteristics Clean URLs Loosely coupled components Designer-friendly templates Less code Really fast development
- 9. Components
- 10. URL dispatching
- 11. http://www.example.com/poll/5/ What code shall we execute?
- 12. (r'^$', 'views.index'), (r'^hello/$', ‘views.hello'), (r'^poll/(d+)/$', ‘views.poll'),
- 13. Views
- 14. def index(request): s = "Hello, World" return HttpResponse(s)
- 15. def index(request): name = request.GET['name'] s = "Hi, " + escape(name) return HttpResponse(s)
- 16. Models
- 18. ... (r'^poll/(d+)/$', 'views.poll'), ... def poll(request, poll_id): poll = Poll.objects.get( pk=poll_id ) return HttpResponse( 'Question: ' + poll.question )
- 19. class Poll(Model): question = CharField(maxlength=200) pub_date = DateTimeField() class Choice(Model): poll = ForeignKey(Poll) choice = CharField(maxlength=200) votes = IntegerField()
- 20. BEGIN; CREATE TABLE "polls_poll" ( "id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "question" varchar(200) NOT NULL, "pub_date" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE "polls_choice" ( "id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "poll_id" integer NOT NULL REFERENCES "polls_polls" ("id"), "choice" varchar(200) NOT NULL, "votes" integer NOT NULL ); COMMIT;
- 21. p = Poll( question = "What's up?", pub_date = datetime.now() ) p.save() p.choice_set.create( choice = "Some choice", votes = 0 )
- 22. >>> p.id 1 >>> p.question "What's up?" >>> p.choice_set.all() [<Choice: Some choice>]
- 23. >>> Poll.objects.count() 7 >>> Poll.objects.filter( pub_date__year = 2006, pub_date__month = 5 ) ["What's up?"] >>> Poll.objects.all()[0:2] ["What's up", "Like Django?"]
- 24. Templates
- 25. Gluing strings together gets old fast
- 26. c = Context({ 'today': datetime.date.today(), 'edibles': ['pear', 'apple', 'orange'] })
- 27. <h1>Hello World!</h1> <p>Today is {{ today|date:"jS F, Y" }}</p> {% if edibles %} <ul> {% for fruit in edibles %} <li>{{ fruit }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endif %}
- 28. <h1>Hello World!</h1> <p>Today is 2nd July, 2006</p> <ul> <li>pear</li> <li>apple</li> <li>orange</li> </ul>
- 29. def hello(request): return render_to_response('hello.html',{ 'today': datetime.date.today(), 'edibles': ['pear', 'apple', 'orange'] })
- 30. Common headers and footers?
- 32. base.html <html> <head> <title> {% block title %}{% endblock %} </title> </head> <body> {% block main %}{% endblock %} <div id=”footer”> {% block footer %}(c) 2006{% endblock %} </div> </body> </html>
- 33. home.html {% extends “base.html” %} {% block title %}Homepage{% endblock %} {% block main %} Main page contents goes here. {% endblock %}
- 34. combined <html> <head> <title> Homepage </title> </head> <body> Main page contents goes here. <div id=”footer”> (c) 2006 </div> </body> </html>
- 35. Loosely coupled
- 36. Icing
- 38. Bengali Japanese Czech Dutch Welsh Norwegian Danish Brazilian German Romanian Greek Russian English Slovak Spanish Slovenian French Serbian Galician Swedish Hebrew Ukrainian Icelandic Simplified Chinese Italian Traditional Chinese
- 39. msgid "Usernames cannot contain the '@' character." msgstr "Ім'я не може містити '@' символ"
- 40. Forms are boring
- 41. 1. Display form 2. Validate submitted data 3. If errors, redisplay with: 3.1. Contextual error messages 3.2. Correct fields pre-filled 4. ... do something useful!
- 42. Model validation rules + the Manipulator API do all of this for you
- 43. The admin package does even more
- 45. No time to talk about... Generic views Data object serialisation Syndication framework Middleware Authentication and authorisation
- 46. Success stories
- 52. 170+ public Django-powered sites http://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/DjangoPoweredSites 90+ contributors 1900+ mailing list subscribers (and 900+ on the development list) And the Journal-World have convinced three new people to go and work in Kansas
- 53. Find out more